Animals That Start with E: Ultimate Guide to Stunning Creatures

Unfolding the animal kingdom reveals a fascinating array of creatures, each unique in its way. Among them, animals that start with E stand out with their diverse traits and habitats. This comprehensive list of animals that begin with E will not only enhance your knowledge but also captivate your curiosity. From the majestic elephants of the African savannas to the elusive echidnas of Australia, our detailed animals list offers insights into some of the world’s most interesting wildlife.

Eagle

Eagles are robust and sizable birds of prey, distinguished by their substantial heads and beaks. Even the smallest eagles, such as the booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus), which is similar in size to a common buzzard (Buteo buteo) or a red-tailed hawk (B. jamaicensis), possess relatively longer and more uniformly broad wings, allowing for a more direct and faster flight despite having shorter aerodynamic feathers.

Generally, eagles are larger than most other raptors, with the exception of some vultures. The smallest eagle species is the Great Nicobar serpent eagle (Spilornis klossi), weighing 450 grams (1 lb) and measuring 40 centimeters (16 inches). The largest species are detailed below. Like all raptors, eagles are equipped with very large, hooked beaks designed for tearing flesh from their prey, along with strong, muscular legs and powerful talons.

Eagle Ray

Eagle rays belong to the family Myliobatidae, a group of cartilaginous fishes primarily consisting of large species that inhabit the open ocean rather than the sea floor. These rays feed on mollusks and crustaceans, using their flattened teeth to crush the shells of their prey. Known for their excellent swimming abilities, eagle rays can leap several meters above the water’s surface. In comparison to other rays, they possess long tails and distinctly rhomboidal bodies.

Eagle rays, one of the fascinating animals starting with E, are ovoviviparous, giving birth to up to six offspring at a time. Their size ranges from 0.48 to 5.1 meters (1.6 to 16.7 feet) in length and up to 7 meters (23 feet) in wingspan.

Eared Grebe

The black-necked grebe, also known as the eared grebe (Podiceps nigricollis), is part of the grebe family of water birds. First described by Christian Ludwig Brehm in 1831, this bird typically measures between 28 and 34 centimeters (11 to 13 inches) in length and weighs between 265 and 450 grams (9.3 to 15.9 ounces). It has a wingspan ranging from 52 to 55 centimeters (20.5 to 21.6 inches). The nominate subspecies in breeding plumage features a black to blackish-brown head, neck, breast and upper parts, highlighted by an ochre-colored fan of feathers that extends behind the eye, covering the eye-coverts and sides of the nape. The eye is predominantly red, with a narrow, pale yellow inner ring and an orange-yellow to pinkish-red orbital ring.

Earless Monitor Lizard

The earless monitor lizard was first described by Franz Steindachner in 1878. Its genus name, Lanthanotus, translates to “hidden ear,” while the species name, borneensis, denotes its origin from the island of Borneo. These lizards possess a cylindrical body, a long neck, short limbs, sharp claws, small eyes, semi-transparent lower eyelids and six longitudinal rows of strongly keeled scales. Despite their name, earless monitor lizards can hear, although they lack a tympanum, ear openings and other externally visible ear structures.

Adult earless monitor lizards typically have a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of approximately 20 cm (8 inches) and a total length of about 40 cm (16 inches). In a study of eighteen wild individuals, six males and twelve females, their SVL ranged from 15.6 to 22 cm (6.1 to 8.7 inches), tail length varied from 17.4 to 22.1 cm (6.9 to 8.7 inches) (excluding one individual with a significantly shortened tail) and their weight ranged from 48 to 120 grams (1.7 to 4.2 ounces).

Earthworm

An earthworm, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a terrestrial invertebrate that lives in soil and is classified within the phylum Annelida. The size of an adult earthworm varies significantly by species, ranging from 10 mm (0.39 inches) in length and 1 mm (0.039 inches) in width to as long as 3 meters (9.8 feet) and over 25 mm (0.98 inches) in width. The common species Lumbricus terrestris typically reaches about 360 mm (14 inches) in length. One of the longest recorded earthworms is Amynthas mekongianus, which can extend up to 3 meters (10 feet) and is found in the mud along the banks of the 4,350 km (2,703 miles) Mekong River in Southeast Asia.

Earwig

Earwigs belong to the insect order Dermaptera, comprising around 2,000 species across 12 families, making it one of the smaller insect orders. These insects are widespread and can be found throughout the Americas and Eurasia.

The common earwig, introduced to North America from Europe in 1907, is more prevalent in the southern and southwestern United States. The only native earwig species in the northern United States is the spine-tailed earwig (Doru aculeatum), which is also found as far north as Canada, particularly in the leaf axils of emerging plants in southern Ontario wetlands. Other earwig families present in North America include Forficulidae (with Doru and Forficula), Spongiphoridae, Anisolabididae and Labiduridae.

Earwigs, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, rarely survive the winter outdoors in cold climates. They typically inhabit tight crevices in woodlands, fields and gardens. Of the approximately 1,800 species worldwide, about 25 are found in North America, 45 in Europe (including 7 in Great Britain) and 60 in Australia. Curious for more? Read the full article here!

East Siberian Laika

The East Siberian Laika (Russian: Восточносибирская лайка, romanized: Vostotchno-Sibirskaia Laika) is a Russian spitz-type hunting dog originating from regions of Siberia east of the Yenisei River. Males typically measure between 55 to 66 centimeters (22 to 26 inches) in height, while females range from 51 to 60 centimeters (20 to 24 inches).

This dog breed comes in a variety of colors, including black and tan with light patches (karamis), grizzle, patched, ticked, white, grey, black, red and brown in all shades. There are two primary types of East Siberian Laika: the Evenki and the Irkutsk. Other less prominent types include the Yakutia, Amur and Tofolar. The breed exhibits a range of color and physique variations, making it a more diverse conglomerate breed compared to other recognized Russian Laikas.

Physically, the East Siberian Laika is somewhat rangy and nearly square in proportion, being slightly higher at the withers than at the croup. It has robust bones and a head shape that varies among regional varieties. The ears are erect and triangular and the tail is carried in a curve over the back. The coat is a medium-length double coat with straight, coarse guard hairs and a soft, thick undercoat.

Eastern Barred Bandicoot

The eastern barred bandicoot (Perameles gunnii) is a nocturnal marsupial, similar in size to a rabbit and is native to southeastern Australia, including the island of Tasmania and mainland Victoria. This species, which weighs less than 2 kg (4.4 lb), features a short tail and three to four whitish bars across its rump.

There are two distinct populations of the eastern barred bandicoot: one on the Australian mainland and another on Tasmania. The Tasmanian bandicoots are generally larger, with an average adult mass of 1,000 g compared to 750 g in Victoria. This species has a short lifespan of just two to three years and is not social. Males have larger home ranges than females and only interact with females for mating purposes.

Eastern Bluebird

The eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis) is a small migratory thrush native to North America, typically found in open woodlands, farmlands and orchards. Measuring 16–21 cm (6.3–8.3 in) in length, with a wingspan of 25–32 cm (9.8–12.6 in), they weigh between 27–34 g (0.95–1.20 oz).

Male eastern bluebirds are characterized by their bright blue heads, backs and wings, with a brownish-red breast. Females, on the other hand, have lighter coloration, featuring gray on their heads and backs, with some blue on their wings and tails. The breast of the female is generally lighter and more orange compared to the male’s.

Eastern bluebirds, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, inhabit regions east of the Rockies, from southern Canada to the Gulf states and from southeastern Arizona to Nicaragua. The species’ western range has expanded over the past century due to increased tree coverage in the Great Plains, resulting from fire suppression and tree planting initiatives.

Eastern Box Turtle

The eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) is a subspecies within the group of hinge-shelled turtles commonly known as box turtles. This subspecies is native to the Eastern United States. Eastern box turtles feature a high, dome-shaped carapace and a hinged plastron that allows them to completely close their shells. The carapace often displays a middorsal keel that becomes smoother with age. The shell’s color can vary but is typically brownish or black, adorned with a pattern of yellowish or orangish lines, spots, or blotches.

Similarly, the skin color varies but is generally brown or black with yellow, orange, red, or white spots or streaks, resembling the winter leaf of the tulip poplar. In some isolated populations, males may exhibit blue patches on their cheeks, throat and front legs.

Eastern Brown Snake

The eastern brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), commonly known as the common brown snake, is a highly venomous species within the Elapidae family. This species is native to eastern and central Australia and southern New Guinea.

The eastern brown snake has a slender to average build with no distinct separation between its head and neck. Its snout appears rounded when viewed from above. Most individuals have a total length (including tail) of up to 1.5 meters (4.9 feet), with some large specimens reaching up to 2 meters (6.6 feet). The maximum recorded length for this species is 2.4 meters (7.9 feet). Research indicates that northern populations of these snakes tend to be larger than those from southern regions.

The color of the adult eastern brown snake varies widely. Its upper body ranges from pale to dark brown and sometimes shades of orange or russet, with more intense pigmentation toward the rear of the dorsal scales. Eastern brown snakes from Merauke exhibit tan to olive upper parts, whereas those from eastern Papua New Guinea are very dark grey-brown to blackish.

Eastern Chipmunk

The eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus), one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a species of chipmunk native to eastern North America. It is a small mammal, measuring about 30 cm (12 in) in length including its tail and weighing between 66–150 g (2.3–5.3 oz). This chipmunk features reddish-brown fur on its upper body with five dark brown stripes interspersed with light brown stripes along its back, ending in a dark tail.

The lower part of its body is covered in lighter fur. It has a tawny stripe that runs from its whiskers to below its ears and light stripes above its eyes. Unique among chipmunks, the eastern chipmunk has two fewer teeth and four toes on each front leg, while having five toes on the hind legs.

The appearance of the eastern chipmunk remains consistent throughout its life, with no external differences between the sexes except for the anatomical characteristics of the genitalia during fertility periods. The chipmunk molts once or twice a year, typically in May or June and sometimes again in October. Albino and melanistic individuals have been observed, though these variations do not follow any geographical pattern.

Eastern Coral Snake

Micrurus fulvius, known as the eastern coral snake, common coral snake, or American cobra, is a highly venomous species in the family Elapidae. The eastern coral snake typically measures less than 80 cm (31 in) in total length, including the tail. The longest recorded specimens were 121.8 cm (48.0 in) in Florida (Neill, 1958) and 129.5 cm (51.0 in) (Roze, 1996). Males have longer tails, while females tend to achieve greater overall length.

The snake’s dorsal scales are smooth and arranged in 15 rows at midbody. Males have 197–217 ventral scales and females have 219–233. Additionally, males possess 40–47 subcaudals, compared to 30–37 in females. The anal plate is divided.

The eastern coral snake’s coloration includes a series of encircling rings: wide red and black rings separated by narrow yellow rings. Its head is black from the rostral scale to just behind the eyes, typically featuring a black snout and eyes, followed by a yellow band on the back half of the head behind the eyes.

Eastern Cottontail

The eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) is a species of New World cottontail rabbit belonging to the family Leporidae. This rabbit inhabits meadows and shrubby areas across the eastern and south-central United States, southern Canada, eastern Mexico, Central America and the northernmost regions of South America. It is also present on the Caribbean island of Margarita and is particularly abundant in the Midwest.

The species’ range expanded northward as forests were cleared by settlers. Initially absent from New England, the eastern cottontail was introduced there and now competes with the native New England cottontail for habitat. It has also been introduced to parts of Oregon, Washington and British Columbia. During the 1950s and 1960s, the eastern cottontail was introduced to France and northern Italy, where it rapidly expanded its territory and population density.

Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake

The eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) is a species of pit viper in the family Viperidae, endemic to the Southeastern United States. It is one of the heaviest venomous snakes in the Americas and the largest rattlesnake species.

The eastern diamondback rattlesnake holds the title of the largest rattlesnake species and is among the heaviest venomous snakes. A notable specimen shot in 1946 measured 2.4 meters (7.8 feet) in length and weighed 15.4 kg (34 lb). Other venomous snakes that may rival its weight include the much longer but more slender king cobra and the shorter but bulkier Gaboon viper.

The maximum reported lengths for the eastern diamondback rattlesnake are 2.4 meters (8 feet) and 2.5 meters (8.25 feet), though these figures have been questioned due to the lack of voucher specimens. Typically, males are larger than females, which is uncommon among snakes as females are usually larger in most species.

Eastern Dobsonfly

The eastern dobsonfly, Corydalus cornutus, is a sizable insect within the Corydalidae family. It inhabits eastern North America, particularly in areas with fast-flowing streams where its aquatic larvae, known as hellgrammites, develop. Hellgrammites are prominent invertebrate predators in their stream habitats and are commonly used as bait by anglers.

The eggs of the eastern dobsonfly are grey and cylindrical, measuring approximately 1.4 millimeters in length and 0.5 millimeters in width. They are laid in clusters of about 1,000, arranged in three layers. These egg piles are protected by a clear fluid, which dries to a white color and is applied by the female using the tip of her abdomen. The egg mass often resembles a bird dropping.

Eastern Fence Lizard

The eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) is a medium-sized lizard belonging to the family Phrynosomatidae. This species is commonly found along forest edges, rock piles and rotting logs or stumps in the eastern United States. It is also known by various names, including prairie lizard, fence swift, gray lizard, gravid lizard, northern fence lizard and pine lizard.

Eastern fence lizards typically measure between 4.0 to 7.5 inches (10 to 19 cm) in total length, including the tail. They usually display shades of gray or brown, with keeled scales and a dark line running along the rear of their thighs. Females are generally gray with a series of dark, wavy lines across their backs. Their bellies are white with black flecks and some pale blue coloration can be seen on their throats and bellies. Males are typically brown, but during the summer, they exhibit more greenish-blue and black coloring on the sides of their bellies and throats compared to females. Juveniles resemble females but tend to be darker and duller. Both sexes possess keeled scales.

Eastern Glass Lizard

The eastern glass lizard (Ophisaurus ventralis) is a legless lizard species within the family Anguidae and is recognized as the longest and heaviest among the glass lizards in the genus Ophisaurus. This species is native to the Southeastern United States.

Adult eastern glass lizards typically measure between 46 and 108 cm (18–43 in) in total length, although the head-body length does not exceed 30.5 cm (12.0 in). They possess 99 or more scales along the lateral groove. Unlike some other species, eastern glass lizards lack dark longitudinal stripes below the lateral groove or under the tail and do not have a distinct mid-dorsal stripe. The tail plays a significant role in balance and defense. The neck features a series of mostly vertical or highly irregular white markings, with additional white markings on the posterior corners of the scales. This species also has palatine teeth.

Eastern Gorilla

The eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei) is a critically endangered species within the genus Gorilla and is the largest living primate. This species is currently divided into two subspecies: the eastern lowland gorilla or Grauer’s gorilla (G. b. graueri), with a population of approximately 6,800 individuals and the mountain gorilla (G. b. beringei), with about 1,000 individuals. The species faces significant threats from illegal hunting.

Eastern gorillas, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, are large hominids characterized by their large heads, broad chests and long arms. They have flat noses with large nostrils and their faces, hands, feet and breasts are bald. Their fur is predominantly black, but adult males develop a silvery “saddle” on their backs. As gorillas age, the hair on this saddle turns white, similar to the graying hair of elderly humans, earning older males the name “silverbacks.” Grauer’s gorillas have shorter, thicker, deep black fur, while mountain gorillas exhibit a more bluish hue.

Eastern Gray Squirrel

The eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), often referred to simply as the grey squirrel outside North America, is a tree squirrel species within the genus Sciurus. Native to eastern North America, it plays a crucial role as a natural forest regenerator in this region.

Eastern gray squirrels typically have gray fur, though it can sometimes appear brownish. They usually have a white underside, in contrast to the brownish-orange underside of the fox squirrel. These squirrels are known for their large, bushy tails. In urban areas, where the threat from predators is lower, it is common to find both white and black-colored individuals. The melanistic form, which is almost entirely black, is especially prevalent in certain populations and geographic areas, such as southeastern Canada.

Eastern Green Mamba

The eastern green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps) is a highly venomous snake species belonging to the mamba genus Dendroaspis, native to the coastal regions of southern East Africa.

This snake is large, characterized by a slightly compressed and very slender body with a medium to long tapering tail. Adult males typically reach around 1.8 meters (5 ft 11 in) in total length, while females average about 2.0 meters (6 ft 7 in). It is rare for this species to exceed lengths of 2.5 meters (8 ft 2 in).

Generally, the total length is 4–4.3 times the length of the tail. Adult eastern green mambas have bright green upperparts, sometimes with isolated yellow scales and a pale yellow-green belly. They may appear duller before moulting. Juveniles start as blue-green and turn bright green when they grow to about 75 centimeters (2 ft 6 in) in length. The snake’s head is long, slender and coffin-shaped, with a prominent canthus slightly distinct from the neck.

Eastern Hognose Snake

The eastern hog-nosed snake (Heterodon platirhinos) is a species of mildly venomous rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. Its venom is specifically adapted to prey on amphibians and is generally harmless to humans, though some individuals may experience allergic reactions, including local swelling and other symptoms. This species is native to North America.

The eastern hognose, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a diurnal species, most active from April to September after emerging from hibernation. Due to its wide range, the timing of its activity period varies depending on the local climate. In northern regions, hibernation starts earlier, typically from late September to October, whereas in southern areas, the snake may not retreat until November.

Eastern Indigo Snake

The eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) is a large, non-venomous snake in the Colubridae family, native to the southeastern United States. It holds the distinction of being the longest native snake species in the country.

The eastern indigo snake is characterized by uniform blue-black dorsal scales, with some individuals displaying a reddish-orange to tan coloration on the throat, cheeks and chin. Its common name derives from the glossy iridescent scales that appear blackish-purple in bright light. This smooth-scaled snake is indeed the longest native snake species in the United States, with the longest recorded individual measuring 2.8 meters (9.2 feet) in total length, including the tail.

Mature male indigo snakes are typically slightly larger than females, a trait attributed to intraspecies competition and combat among males. A typical mature male ranges from 1.2 to 2.36 meters (3.9 to 7.7 feet) in total length, with an average length of 1.58 meters (5.2 feet) and a weight range of 0.72 to 4.5 kilograms (1.6 to 9.9 pounds), averaging 2.2 kilograms (4.9 pounds). Mature females generally measure between 1.1 to 2 meters (3.6 to 6.6 feet) in total length, with an average length of 1.38 meters (4.5 feet).

Eastern Kingbird

The eastern kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) is a large tyrant flycatcher native to the Americas. This bird is primarily dark gray with a white underbelly and pointed wings. Eastern kingbirds are notable and frequently found in open areas with scattered trees and bushes, where they perch while hunting for insects. They are migratory, breeding across North America and wintering in Central and South America.

Adult eastern kingbirds have grey-black upperparts and lighter underparts, with a long black tail that has a white tip and long, pointed wings. They have a rarely seen red patch on their crown. These birds are of average size for a kingbird, measuring 19–23 cm (7.5–9.1 in) in length, with a wingspan of 33–38 cm (13–15 in) and weighing 33–55 g (1.2–1.9 oz).

Eastern Lowland Gorilla

The eastern lowland gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri), also known as Grauer’s gorilla, is a critically endangered subspecies of the eastern gorilla, native to the mountainous forests of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Eastern lowland gorillas, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, are the largest subspecies of gorillas and the largest living primates. Males weigh between 150 and 209 kilograms (331 and 461 pounds) based on a study of four males, while females weigh around 76 kilograms (168 pounds), although this data comes from a small sample size.

Male eastern lowland gorillas typically stand between 1.69 to 1.96 meters (5 feet 7 inches to 6 feet 5 inches) tall, whereas females reach about 1.6 meters (5 feet 2 inches) in height. An earlier study, based on eight wild adult males, estimated their average weight to be 169 kilograms (373 pounds).

Eastern Meadowlark

The eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna) is a medium-sized blackbird in the family Icteridae, closely resembling its sister species, the western meadowlark. This bird’s range extends from eastern North America to northern South America, with its greatest distribution in the eastern regions.

Adult eastern meadowlarks measure between 19 to 28 cm (7.5 to 11.0 inches) in length and have a wingspan of 35 to 40 cm (14 to 16 inches). Their body mass varies from 76 to 150 grams (2.7 to 5.3 ounces). The length of their extended wing bone ranges from 8.9 to 12.9 cm (3.5 to 5.1 inches), the tail measures between 5.3 to 8.6 cm (2.1 to 3.4 inches), the culmen is 2.8 to 3.7 cm (1.1 to 1.5 inches) and the tarsus measures 3.6 to 4.7 cm (1.4 to 1.9 inches). Females are smaller in all physical dimensions.

Adults display yellow underparts marked by a distinctive black “V” on the breast and white flanks streaked with black. Their upperparts are primarily brown with black streaks. They possess a long, pointed bill and have heads striped in light brown and black.

Eastern Phoebe

The eastern phoebe (Sayornis phoebe) is a small passerine bird notable for its relatively large head, which appears even more pronounced when the bird puffs up its small crest. Its plumage is gray-brown on the upper parts, with a white throat, a dirty gray breast and buff-colored underparts that become whiter during the breeding season. Each wing features two faint buff bars.

Unlike other North American tyrant flycatchers, the eastern phoebe lacks an eye ring and has no wingbars and its bill is entirely dark. When perched, it characteristically pumps its tail up and down. The bird’s call is a sharp chip and its song, from which it derives its name, sounds like “fee-bee.”

Eastern Racer

The eastern racer, or North American racer (Coluber constrictor), is a species of nonvenomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. This species is native to North America and Central America.

Adult eastern racers typically range from 50 to 152 cm (20 to 60 in) in total length, including the tail, depending on the subspecies. However, the largest recorded specimen measured 185.4 cm (73.0 in). An average adult weighs around 556 g (1.226 lb), with little size difference between males and females. The coloration and patterns of eastern racers vary widely among subspecies. Most are solid-colored, as indicated by their common names: black racers, brown racers, tan racers, blue racers, or green racers. Occasionally, “runner” is used instead of “racer” in their common names.

Eastern Rat Snake

Pantherophis alleghaniensis, commonly known as the eastern rat snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae. This species is native to North America.

Adult eastern rat snakes typically measure between 90 and 183 cm (2 ft 11 in to 6 ft 0 in) in total length, including the tail, with some individuals exceeding 200 cm (6 ft 7 in). The longest recorded eastern rat snake measured 228 cm (7 ft 6 in). In a sample that included both juvenile and adult eastern rat snakes, weights ranged from 54 g (1.9 oz) to 1,274 g (2.809 lb). Another adult in the sample weighed 833 g (1.836 lb).

Eastern Tiger Snake

The eastern tiger snake (Notechis scutatus) is a highly venomous species native to southeastern Australia, including Tasmania. Recognizable by its tiger-like stripes, the snake can vary in color from light brown to gray, olive, or black. It averages 3-4 feet in length. Known for its potent neurotoxic venom, it ranks among the world’s top 15 most venomous snakes. Eastern tiger snakes inhabit grasslands, wetlands and coastal areas, exhibiting diurnal behavior.

Eastern tiger snakes, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, primarily feed on frogs, birds and small mammals. Despite their dangerous nature, they are generally shy and avoid human interaction unless provoked. The species is currently classified as “Least Concern” regarding conservation status.

Eastern Turkey

The eastern turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) is a prominent subspecies of wild turkey native to North America. These birds measure 30-49 inches in length, weigh 5.5-24 pounds and have a wingspan of 4.1-4.9 feet. They are known for their distinctive black or gray-brown feathers with a coppery sheen and the males’ red, featherless heads. Eastern turkeys are social, diurnal birds inhabiting hardwood forests, pastures and orchards across the eastern United States, southeastern Canada and parts of Mexico.

Eastern Turkeys are omnivores, feeding on nuts, seeds, berries, insects and small vertebrates. Despite being heavily hunted, their population remains stable and they are classified as “Least Concern” by the IUCN. Eastern turkeys are notable for their loud vocalizations, with gobbles audible up to a mile away and their agility in flight. Females incubate eggs for 28 days, with young staying with their mother for about four months. The species faces threats from hunting, climate change and urbanization but has adapted well to its environment.

Eastern Woodrat

The eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana), also referred to as the Florida woodrat or bush rat, is a pack rat species native to the central and eastern United States. These rodents build large dens that can be used by multiple generations and store food in nearby caches for the winter. Although the eastern woodrat is widespread and not uncommon, its population has declined or disappeared in some regions.

This medium-sized rodent averages 21.2 centimeters (8.3 inches) in length and weighs about 245 grams (0.540 pounds), but can grow up to 43 centimeters (17 inches) long. The eastern woodrat has a short, stocky body and an exceptionally long tail measuring 15 to 20 centimeters (5.9 to 7.9 inches). It is covered in soft, gray-brown fur, which is darker on the back, while the belly and feet are white. Males and females look similar, although males are generally slightly larger.

Echidna

Echidnas, also known as spiny anteaters, are monotremes, which are egg-laying mammals covered in quills. These medium-sized, solitary mammals are covered with coarse hair and spines, which are modified hairs made of keratin—the same protein that forms fur, claws, nails and horn sheaths in animals.

Echidnas resemble South American anteaters and other spiny mammals like hedgehogs and porcupines. Their coloration is typically black or brown, though there have been reports of albino echidnas with pink eyes and white spines. Echidnas have elongated, slender snouts that serve as both mouth and nose, equipped with electrosensors to detect earthworms, termites, ants and other burrowing prey.

Eclectus Parrot

Eclectus is a genus within the parrot family, Psittaciformes, comprising four known living species called eclectus parrots and the extinct species, Eclectus infectus, also known as the oceanic eclectus parrot. The existing eclectus parrots are medium-sized and native to Oceania, particularly New Guinea and Australia.

Males display predominantly bright green plumage, while females are mainly bright red. Historically, males and females were mistakenly believed to be different species. The conservation status of these parrots is currently listed as least concern. Eclectus parrots, one of the fascinating animals starting with E, thrive in captivity and are popular pets worldwide.

These parrots are the most sexually dimorphic among parrot species. The stark difference between the male’s vivid emerald green feathers and the female’s deep red/purple plumage led to the mistaken classification as separate species until the early 20th century. Eclectus parrots are characterized by their large heads, short tails and striking coloration. They typically measure between 35 and 42 cm (14–17 inches) in length.

Edible Frog

The edible frog (Pelophylax kl. esculentus), also referred to as the common water frog or green frog, is a prevalent species in Europe. Native to the continent, this frog can be found from northern France to western Russia and from Estonia and Denmark down to Bulgaria and northern Italy. It is commonly used as food, especially in France, where frog legs are considered a delicacy. Female edible frogs typically range from 5 to 9 cm (2.0 to 3.5 inches) in length, while males are slightly larger, measuring between 6 and 11 cm (2.4 to 4.3 inches).

Eel

Eels are ray-finned fish classified under the order Anguilliformes, which includes eight suborders, 20 families, 164 genera and approximately 1,000 species. They undergo significant development from their larval stage to adulthood and are generally predatory in nature.

Characterized by their elongated bodies, eels can vary greatly in size. The one-jawed eel (Monognathus ahlstromi) can be as short as 5 cm (2 inches), while the slender giant moray can reach lengths of up to 4 m (13 feet). Adult eels can weigh anywhere from 30 g (1 oz) to well over 25 kg (55 lbs).

Eels, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, do not have pelvic fins and many species are also without pectoral fins. The dorsal and anal fins are fused with the caudal fin, forming a continuous ribbon-like fin that runs along much of the body. Eels swim by generating waves that travel the length of their bodies and can swim backward by reversing the direction of these waves.

Eel Catfish

The eel catfish (Channallabes apus) is a fascinating species found in the muddy wetlands of the Congo River basin in Africa. This air-breathing fish is known for its elongated, eel-like body and its unique ability to venture onto land to catch beetles. Growing up to 19.7 inches and weighing up to 4 pounds, the eel catfish has adapted to its environment with hypertrophic jaw muscles for a powerful bite and specialized gills that allow it to breathe air.

Eel catfish are omnivorous, primarily feeding on beetles, worms and small fish. Although not endangered, they are susceptible to environmental threats such as pollution and parasites. The eel catfish is often kept in aquariums and has a lifespan of up to 15 years. Despite its harmless nature, it plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as both predator and prey.

Eelpout

The eelpouts belong to the ray-finned fish family Zoarcidae. As their name implies, these fish have an eel-like appearance. The family comprises about 300 species, all of which are marine and primarily bottom-dwelling, with some residing at great depths. Eelpouts are mainly found in the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest concentrations in the Arctic, north Pacific and north Atlantic oceans, although they are present worldwide.

Eelpouts, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, have elongated, laterally compressed bodies. Their heads are relatively small and ovoid, with juveniles displaying a more rounded snout and relatively larger eyes compared to adults. They lack scales or have very small ones. The dorsal and anal fins run continuously along their bodies up to the caudal fin. Eelpouts produce the pigment biliverdin, which gives their bones a green color. This characteristic has no known evolutionary purpose and is harmless. There is no sexual dimorphism in eelpouts, meaning males and females appear alike.

Egret

Egrets, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, are elegant, long-legged wading birds closely related to herons. They belong to the Ardeidae family, which also includes bitterns and night-herons. Egrets are known for their beautiful white or buff plumage, which often develops even finer, milky white plumes during the breeding season. These decorative feathers were once highly sought-after in the fashion industry, leading to excessive hunting that nearly drove egrets to extinction in the late 19th century.

Despite their distinct name, egrets are not biologically separate from herons. They share a similar body structure with long legs and necks, ideal for wading through shallow waters. Egrets are found on all continents except Antarctica, with the exception of the coldest regions, extremely dry deserts and very high mountains. These adaptable birds can thrive in both saltwater and freshwater marshes, making them successful inhabitants of wetlands around the world.

Egyptian Cobra

The Egyptian cobra (Naja haje) is a large and dangerous snake native to North Africa, known for its potent venom and role in numerous recorded snakebite incidents. They are one of the most venomous species in the region. Their average length falls around 1.4 meters (4.6 ft), with the exceptional record holder reaching a staggering 2.59 meters (8.5 ft).

The Egyptian cobra boasts a distinctive appearance. It has a large, flattened head that separates slightly from its thick neck. This impressive neck feature holds the key to the cobra’s iconic defense posture. Like all cobras, the Egyptian cobra possesses long cervical ribs that can expand dramatically, forming a threatening hood. The snout is moderately broad and rounded, housing large eyes with round pupils.

The body itself is muscular and cylindrical, tapering towards a long tail. It’s important to note that the cobra’s length can vary depending on subspecies, geographical location and specific populations. However, the most recognizable feature of this serpent remains its unique head and the impressive expandable hood.

Egyptian Goose

The Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca) is a distinctive bird native to Africa, particularly around the Nile River. Despite its name, it is actually a type of duck that resembles a goose in flight. It features unique mask-like markings around its eyes and a predominantly brown plumage that helps it blend into its surroundings. The species is non-migratory, with a diet consisting of plants, insects and small animals.

Egyptian Geese, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, have a stable population estimated between 200,000 to 500,000 and are listed as “Least Concern” by conservationists. They typically lay 5-12 eggs per breeding season, with an incubation period of about 28-30 days. These geese can live up to 25 years and have a wingspan of 25-29 inches, flying at speeds up to 70 mph. Predators include eagles, hawks and leopards. Human activities and habitat loss pose significant threats, especially outside their native range where they are often considered invasive.

Egyptian Mau

The Egyptian Mau is a small to medium-sized, short-haired cat breed known for its natural spots, which appear only on the tips of its coat hairs. This breed is considered rare. The Egyptian Mau’s body conformation is a blend of the compactness of a Burmese and the slim elegance of a Siamese. It has a muscular, medium-length body with hind legs that are longer than the front ones, giving it a tiptoe-like stance when upright.

This breed holds the title of the fastest domestic cat, aided by its longer hind legs and a unique flap of skin extending from the flank to the back knee. This flap allows the legs to stretch further back, enhancing agility and stride length. Egyptian Maus have been recorded running at speeds exceeding 48 km/h (30 mph).

Egyptian Tortoise

The Egyptian tortoise (Testudo kleinmanni) is among the smallest tortoise species in the world, with males typically measuring 3-4 inches and females 4-5 inches in length. Native to Libya, Egypt and Israel, it inhabits arid and semi-arid regions. This critically endangered species faces threats from habitat destruction, illegal pet trade and human consumption. Weighing between 0.2-0.9 lbs, they exhibit sexual dimorphism, with females larger than males. They are herbivores, primarily feeding on grasses and leaves. The Egyptian tortoise has a lifespan of up to 100 years in captivity.

Egyptian Vulture

The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also known as the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh’s chicken, is a small vulture native to the Old World. Adult Egyptian vultures have white plumage with black flight feathers on their wings. Wild individuals often appear dirty with a rusty or brownish tint on their white feathers, which is caused by mud or iron-rich soil. Captive birds without soil access maintain clean white plumage, which has been suggested as an example of cosmetic coloration.

This vulture has a slender, long bill with a hooked tip on the upper mandible and an elongated horizontal slit for a nostril. Its neck feathers are long, forming a hackle. The wings are pointed, with the third primary feather being the longest and the tail is wedge-shaped. Adult Egyptian vultures have pink legs, while juveniles have grey legs. Their claws are long and straight, with the third and fourth toes slightly webbed at the base.

Eider

The eider, specifically the common eider (Somateria mollissima), is a large sea duck found along northern coastlines of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia. Renowned for its distinctive black and white plumage in males and brownish plumage in females, it has a wingspan of 37-43 inches and weighs between 2 and 6 pounds.

Eiders, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, are adapted to cold environments, with dense, insulating feathers. They feed primarily on mollusks and crustaceans. Notably, eiderdown, harvested from their nests, is highly valued for its exceptional warmth and lightweight properties. The species is currently listed as “Near Threatened” due to habitat loss and oil spills.

Eland

The eland (Taurotragus oryx) is the largest antelope species, native to Eastern and Southern Africa. Males can weigh up to 2,200 pounds and stand about 6 feet tall at the shoulder, while females are smaller, weighing up to 1,300 pounds. Elands are known for their spiral horns, which can grow up to 4 feet long. They inhabit savannas, grasslands and woodlands, feeding on grasses, leaves and branches. Social animals, elands form herds of up to 500 individuals. Their population is stable and they are listed as “Least Concern” by the IUCN.

Elasmosaurus

Elasmosaurus is a genus of plesiosaur that inhabited North America during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, approximately 80.5 million years ago.

This marine reptile measured 10.3 meters (34 ft) in total length, characterized by a streamlined body, paddle-like limbs, a short tail, a small head and an extraordinarily long neck. The neck itself was about 7.1 meters (23 ft) long. Elasmosaurus, along with its relative Albertonectes, had one of the longest necks among animals, possessing 72 neck vertebrae, which is four fewer than Albertonectes. The skull was slender and triangular, featuring large, fang-like teeth at the front and smaller teeth towards the back.

Elasmotherium

Elasmotherium is an extinct genus of large rhinoceros that inhabited Eurasia from the Late Miocene to the Late Pleistocene, with the most recent reliable fossils dating to around 39,000 years ago.

This genus is often depicted as a woolly creature, drawing comparisons to other megafauna of the time, such as mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses. However, some representations show it with bare skin similar to modern rhinos.

In 1948, Russian paleontologist Valentin Teryaev proposed that Elasmotherium was semi-aquatic, featuring a dome-like horn and resembling a hippopotamus. This hypothesis was based on the observation that it had four toes like a wetland tapir, unlike the three toes found in other rhinos. However, further research has confirmed that Elasmotherium had only three functional toes.

Electric Catfish

Electric catfish inhabit tropical Africa and the Nile River. These fish are typically nocturnal and carnivorous. Some species primarily prey on other fish, using electric discharges to incapacitate their targets, while others are generalist bottom feeders, consuming invertebrates, fish eggs and detritus. The largest electric catfish can reach up to 1.2 meters (3 feet) in length, though most species are significantly smaller.

The Malapteruridae family is unique among catfish for possessing well-developed electrogenic organs, though electroreceptive systems are common across various catfish species. The electrogenic organ in electric catfish originates from the anterior body musculature and lines the body cavity. These fish lack dorsal fins and fin spines and they have three pairs of barbels.

Electric Eel

Electric eels, classified under the genus Electrophorus, are neotropical freshwater fish native to South America and belong to the family Gymnotidae. They are renowned for their ability to generate electricity, capable of delivering shocks up to 860 volts to stun their prey. The study of their electrical abilities began in 1775 and played a significant role in the development of the electric battery in 1800.

Electric eels, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, reproduce during the dry season, spanning from September to December. During this period, male and female pairs can be found in small pools formed by receding water levels. The male constructs a nest using his saliva, into which the female lays approximately 1,200 eggs for fertilization. The eggs hatch after seven days and females continue to lay eggs intermittently throughout the breeding season, classifying them as fractional spawners.

Elegant Tern

The elegant tern (Thalasseus elegans) is a member of the family Laridae. This bird breeds along the Pacific coasts of the southern United States and Mexico, migrating southward for the winter to Peru, Ecuador and Chile.

The elegant tern is medium-large in size, characterized by its long, slender orange bill, pale grey upperparts and white underparts. Its legs are black. During the winter, its forehead turns white. Juvenile elegant terns display a scalier pale grey back. The call of this tern is a distinctive loud grating noise similar to that of a Sandwich tern.

Elephant

The elephant, the largest land animal, comprises three species: African bush, African forest and Asian elephants. African bush elephants can reach up to 13 feet in height and weigh around 12,000 pounds, while Asian elephants are slightly smaller. Known for their intelligence, complex social structures and long trunks, elephants have a lifespan of 60-70 years in the wild. They are herbivores, consuming up to 300 pounds of vegetation daily. Despite their size and strength, elephants face threats from poaching, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict, leading to declining populations.

Elephant Beetle

Elephant beetles inhabit southern Mexico, Central America and the rainforests of South America. These beetles are black and covered with fine microscopic hairs, which are particularly dense on their elytra, giving their bodies a yellowish hue.

Male elephant beetles have two horns on their head and another on the prothorax, with the longest head horn resembling an elephant’s trunk, hence the common name. Females lack these horns. The horns are utilized for defense and in male competition for food and mates. Elephant beetles typically measure between 7 and 12 cm (2.75–4.75 in), with the largest recorded male specimen reaching 13.7 cm, including the horn.

Elephant Bird

Elephant birds were extinct, flightless birds from the order Aepyornithiformes, native to Madagascar. They are believed to have become extinct around 1000 AD, likely due to human activities.

These birds were notably large, with the tallest individuals reaching 3 meters (9.8 ft) in a normal standing posture. They had vestigial wings, long legs and necks and relatively small heads compared to their body size. Their beaks were straight, thick and conical rather than hooked. The tops of their skulls featured punctuated marks, which might have served as attachment sites for fleshy structures or head feathers.

Elephant Fish

The elephant fish (Callorhinchus milii), also known as the Australian ghost shark, inhabits coastal waters of Australia and New Zealand. This cartilaginous fish, related to sharks and rays, grows up to 4 feet long. It features an elongated, trunk-like snout used for detecting prey in the seabed. Elephant fish, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, feed on shellfish, crustaceans and small fish. They are oviparous, with females laying eggs encased in leathery capsules. The species is not considered endangered, but they face threats from commercial fishing practices and habitat degradation.

Elephant Seal

Elephant seals, also known as sea elephants, are very large, ocean-dwelling earless seals belonging to the genus Mirounga. As marine mammals, they are classified under the order Pinnipedia, which translates to feather- or fin-footed in Latin. Elephant seals are categorized as true seals within the family Phocidae.

Phocids, or true seals, are distinguished by the absence of external ears and reduced limbs. The reduction of their limbs enhances their streamlined bodies, allowing them to move efficiently in the water. However, this adaptation makes land navigation challenging since they cannot turn their hind flippers forward to walk as otariids do.

Elephant Shrew

Elephant shrews, also known as jumping shrews or sengis, are small insectivorous mammals native to Africa. They are among the fastest small mammals, capable of reaching speeds up to 28.8 kilometers per hour (17.9 mph). Sengis possess relatively large brains compared to other mammalian insectivores. These animals are solitary and communicate through a combination of vocalizations and scent markings, using their vocalizations for purposes such as defending territory and attracting mates.

Elephant shrews are small, quadrupedal, insectivorous creatures that resemble rodents or opossums. They have scaly tails, long snouts and proportionally long legs, which they use to move like rabbits. Their size ranges from about 10 to 30 centimeters (3.9 to 11.8 inches) in length and they weigh between 50 to 500 grams (1.8 to 17.6 ounces).

Elf Owl

The elf owl (Micrathene whitneyi) is a small grayish-brown owl, roughly the size of a sparrow, found in the Southwestern United States, central Mexico and the Baja California peninsula. It features pale yellow eyes with thin white “eyebrows” and a gray bill tipped with a horn-colored hue. Elf owls often reside in woodpecker holes within saguaro cacti and also nest in natural tree cavities. Being nocturnal, they primarily feed on insects.

This species holds the title of the world’s lightest owl, with the long-whiskered owlet and the Tamaulipas pygmy owl being similarly small in length. Additionally, it is recognized as the world’s smallest owl. The average weight of an elf owl is 40 grams (1.4 ounces). These tiny owls measure 12.5 to 14.5 cm (4.9 to 5.7 inches) in length and have a wingspan of approximately 27 cm (10.5 inches). Their primary flight feathers nearly reach the end of their tails. Elf owls have relatively long legs and often appear bow-legged.

Elk

The elk (Cervus canadensis), also known as wapiti, is one of the largest species within the deer family, native to North America and northeastern Asia. Adult males, or bulls, can weigh between 700-1,100 pounds, while females, or cows, weigh 500-600 pounds. Standing 4-5 feet tall at the shoulder, elks are characterized by their impressive antlers, which can span up to 4 feet across in bulls.

Elks, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, inhabit forests, meadows and grasslands, grazing primarily on grasses, plants, leaves and bark. Elks are known for their distinctive bugle calls during the mating season in autumn. With a population of approximately one million, elk are currently classified as “Least Concern” by the IUCN, though they face threats from habitat loss and hunting.

Ember Tetra

The ember tetra (Hyphessobrycon amandae) is a freshwater fish belonging to the characin family (Characidae) within the order Characiformes. Native to Brazil’s Araguaia River basin, it was discovered in 1987 and named in honor of Amanda Bleher, the mother of fish explorer Heiko Bleher.

Ember tetras exhibit the typical shape of tetras and grow to an overall length of about 2 cm (0.8 in) to 3 cm (1.2 in). They are known for their striking orange and reddish coloration, with a slight translucency near the pelvic fin. The eyes of these fish often match their body color and are outlined in black.

Embolotherium

Embolotherium is an extinct genus of brontothere that lived in Mongolia during the late Eocene epoch. Although complete skeletons of Embolotherium have not yet been found, its skull, which can reach up to 94 cm in length, suggests it was larger than the biggest North American brontotheres. These North American relatives had an estimated shoulder height of 8 feet and a mass of at least 2800 kg. Unlike many other Late Eocene brontotheres, there is no clear evidence indicating that Embolotherium was sexually dimorphic, as all known specimens have large rams.

Emerald Toucanet

The emerald toucanet (Aulacorhynchus prasinus) is a small toucan species native to Central and South America. These birds are characterized by their vibrant green plumage, blue throat and strikingly large, colorful beak. Measuring around 12-14 inches in length and weighing about 4.6-6.7 ounces, emerald toucanets inhabit montane forests at elevations of 2,000-8,000 feet. They primarily feed on fruits, but their diet also includes insects, small vertebrates and eggs. Known for their social behavior, they often travel in pairs or small groups. Their populations are currently stable and they are classified as “Least Concern” by the IUCN.

Emerald Tree Boa

The emerald tree boa (Corallus caninus) is a boa species native to the rainforests of South America. Adult emerald tree boas typically reach about 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. They possess highly developed front teeth, which are proportionately larger than those of any other non-venomous snake.

The emerald tree boa’s color pattern usually features an emerald green base color with a white, irregular, interrupted zigzag stripe, often referred to as ‘lightning bolts,’ running down the back and a yellow underside. This bright coloration and distinctive markings make them easily recognizable among South American snakes. Juvenile emerald tree boas exhibit various shades of light and dark orange or brick-red before their ontogenetic coloration sets in, turning them emerald green after 9 to 12 months of age.

Emerald Tree Monitor

The emerald tree monitor (Varanus prasinus), also known as the green tree monitor, is a small to medium-sized arboreal lizard. It is distinguished by its striking coloration, ranging from green to turquoise, with dark, transverse dorsal bands. This unique coloration provides effective camouflage in its treetop habitat and makes the emerald tree monitor highly sought after in the pet trade and by zoos.

These monitors and their close relatives are found on the island of New Guinea, which is divided between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, as well as several nearby islands and the northern Torres Strait Islands. The green tree monitor thrives in lowland environments, including tropical evergreen forests, palm swamps and cocoa plantations.

Emperor Angelfish

The emperor angelfish (Pomacanthus imperator) is a species of marine angelfish commonly found in reef environments. Native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, its range extends from the Red Sea to Hawaii and the Austral Islands. The species maintains stable populations and is not currently facing significant threats of extinction.

The emperor angelfish is highly valued by photographers, artists and aquarists due to its striking and unique coloration patterns. There is a notable difference in appearance between juvenile and adult fish. Juveniles have a dark blue body adorned with concentric curving lines in pale blue and white, with the smallest lines forming enclosed circles at the posterior end. These lines transition to vertical at the front of the body. The dorsal fin features a white margin and the caudal fin is transparent.

In contrast, adults display horizontal blue and yellow stripes across their bodies, a light blue face with a dark blue mask over the eyes and a yellow caudal fin. This dramatic shift in coloration from juvenile to adult stages makes the emperor angelfish particularly distinctive.

Emperor Goose

The emperor goose (Anser canagicus), also referred to as the beach goose or the painted goose, is a waterfowl species belonging to the family Anatidae. This goose is characterized by its stout blue-gray body with black and white spots, giving it a “scaled appearance.” Its head and the back of its neck are white with an amber-yellow tint, distinguishing it from the snow goose, whose white extends to the front of the neck.

Additional features of the emperor goose include a black chin and throat, a white tail, a pink bill with a white tip and yellow-orange legs and feet. The underside of its wings is gray, in contrast to the snow goose, which displays black and white on the underside of its wings.

Emperor Penguin

The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species, native to Antarctica. Both males and females have similar plumage and size, typically reaching 100 cm (39 in) in length and weighing between 22 to 45 kg (49 to 99 lb). They feature black feathers on the head and back, which contrast sharply with their white bellies, pale-yellow breasts and bright-yellow ear patches.

Like all penguins, the emperor penguin is flightless. It has a streamlined body and wings that have evolved into flippers, enabling efficient movement in its marine environment. Its diet mainly consists of fish, but also includes crustaceans like krill and cephalopods such as squid. During hunting, emperor penguins can stay submerged for around 20 minutes and dive to depths of up to 535 meters (1,755 feet).

They possess several adaptations for this, including uniquely structured hemoglobin that functions at low oxygen levels, solid bones to minimize barotrauma and the ability to lower their metabolism and shut down non-essential organ functions.

Emperor Tamarin

The emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator) , one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a tamarin monkey species named for its supposed resemblance to the German emperor Wilhelm II. Each of its toes and fingers, except for the big toe, is equipped with claws. This monkey is distinguished by its long mustache and nearly invisible white hairs on its chin, though the chin appears black. The chest and belly hairs are a blend of red, orange and white, while the fur on its back is dark brown. The inner sides of its arms and legs are an orange-like hue.

Emu

The emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) is a flightless bird species native to Australia, where it holds the title of the largest native bird. Emus are characterized by their soft, brown feathers, long necks and legs and can grow up to 1.9 meters (6 feet 3 inches) tall. These robust bipedal runners are capable of traveling long distances and can sprint at speeds of up to 48 km/h (30 mph) when necessary.

Emus are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plants and insects and they can endure weeks without eating. Although they drink infrequently, they consume large quantities of fresh water whenever it is available.

Enchi Ball Python

The Enchi Ball Python, a variant of Python regius, stands out with its golden-orange and coppery coloration. Developed in 2002 in Sweden from a breeding pair imported from Ghana, this morph exhibits high amounts of blushing, especially around the head and sides. Enchi Ball Pythons are docile, nocturnal and thrive in grasslands, savannas and forests. They grow up to 5-6 feet, live for 20-30 years and cost between $100 and $250. Despite their vibrant coloration, they remain one of the more affordable and accessible ball python morphs. The species is near-threatened, primarily due to habitat loss and hunting.

English Bulldog

The Bulldog, also referred to as the English Bulldog or British Bulldog, is a British breed of mastiff-type dog. This medium-sized, muscular dog typically weighs between 40 and 55 pounds (18 to 25 kg). Bulldogs are known for their large heads with thick folds of skin around the face and shoulders, along with a relatively flat face and a prominent lower jaw.

The breed faces significant health issues due to selective breeding for its distinctive appearance. These issues include brachycephaly, hip dysplasia, heat sensitivity and skin infections. Concerns over their quality of life have led to a ban on breeding Bulldogs in Norway and the Netherlands.

English Cocker Spaniel

The English Cocker Spanie, one of the fascinating animals that start with E,l is a breed of gun dog known for having one of the most varied litter sizes among all dog breeds. This active and good-natured sporting dog stands well up at the withers and has a compact build. The English Cocker Spaniel is a sturdy, well-balanced dog, notable for its intelligent and alert expression. Its eyes are dark and its lobular ears extend slightly past the tip of the nose when pulled forward.

English Cream Golden Retriever

The English Cream Golden Retriever, a variant of the Golden Retriever, is renowned for its light, creamy coat and friendly disposition. This breed originated in Scotland during the mid-19th century, with a foundation of flat-coated retrievers and water spaniels.

English Cream Golden Retrievers are celebrated for their gentle temperament, making them excellent family pets and therapy dogs. They typically weigh between 55-75 pounds and stand 20-24 inches tall at the shoulder. With a life expectancy of 10-12 years, they are prone to certain health issues, such as hip dysplasia and heart conditions, necessitating regular veterinary check-ups. Despite being similar to their American counterparts, English

Cream Golden Retrievers have a stockier build, a broader head and a slightly shorter muzzle. They require regular grooming to manage their thick double coat and are known for their intelligence and eagerness to please, which facilitates training. Their popularity has grown significantly, partly due to their striking appearance and loving nature, making them a favored choice among dog enthusiasts​.

English Crested Guinea Pig

The English Crested Guinea Pig, known for its distinctive rosette-shaped crest, is a small, docile rodent originating from South America but primarily kept as a pet in Europe and North America. These guinea pigs are easily identifiable by their single-color crest that matches their short-haired coat, which comes in various colors like orange, brown, black and white.

They typically reach 8-10 inches in length and weigh between 1-3 pounds. Social and diurnal, they thrive in herds and require a diet rich in timothy hay, vegetables and fruits. Their lifespan ranges from 5 to 7 years, with a gestation period of 58-72 days and litters averaging 5 pups. English Crested Guinea Pigs make excellent pets due to their friendly nature and manageable size​.

English Foxhound

The English Foxhound, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is one of the four breeds of foxhound dogs and is a cousin to the American Foxhound. Bred as scent hounds, they are specifically trained to hunt foxes by scent. According to breed standards for showing, English Foxhounds should stand 20–27 inches (51–69 cm) tall at the withers. They have a thick skull and a long muzzle. Their legs are muscular and straight-boned, with rounded, almost cat-like paws. The English Foxhound can come in any hound color.

English Longhorn Cattle

The English Longhorn cattle, known scientifically as Bos primigenius Taurus, are a distinctive breed originating from northern England in the 1700s. Recognized by their long, curved horns, these cattle are primarily raised for beef today, though they were originally used as draft animals. They are medium to large in size, with bulls weighing between 1,700-2,200 pounds and cows 900-1,300 pounds. English Longhorns are noted for their docile temperament and adaptability, thriving in various climates. Their lifespan averages 20 years and they have a gestation period of 9-10 months​.

English Pointer

The Pointer, also known as the English Pointer, is a medium-sized breed of pointing dog that was developed in England. Pointers are renowned for their ability to locate game for hunters and gundog enthusiasts regard them as one of the finest breeds in their category. Unlike most other hunting breeds, Pointers are specifically used for pointing out game rather than retrieving it.

The Pointer, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a medium-sized, athletic breed designed for both endurance and speed. They typically stand between 53 and 71 centimeters (21 to 28 inches), with females being shorter than males. According to The Kennel Club’s breed standard, males should stand 64 to 69 centimeters (25 to 27 inches) and females 61 to 66 centimeters (24 to 26 inches). Pointers usually weigh between 20 and 34 kilograms (45 to 75 pounds), with males weighing 25 to 34 kilograms (55 to 75 pounds) and females 20 to 29 kilograms (45 to 65 pounds).

English Setter

The English Setter is a medium-sized breed of dog, belonging to the setter group that also includes the red Irish Setters, Irish Red and White Setters and black-and-tan Gordon Setters. This breed is characterized by its predominantly white coat, adorned with long, silky fringes on the back of the legs, under the belly and on the tail. The coat features colored flecks known as ticking, with different color variations referred to as ‘belton.’

English Setters are medium-sized dogs with an elegant overall appearance, ranging in size from 24 inches (61 cm) for females to 27 inches (69 cm) for males. Field or hunting types tend to be finer in build compared to those from bench or show lines. The breed was developed to hunt game such as quail, pheasant and grouse and is designed to cover large areas while seeking the airborne scent of birds, carrying its head high.

English Shepherd

The English Shepherd is a medium-sized dog breed, typically weighing between 40 and 65 pounds (18 and 29 kg) and standing 18 to 23 inches (46 to 58 cm) tall, with males generally being larger than females. This breed features a long, double coat that can be straight or wavy, with feathering on the legs and tail.

Traditional color combinations include black and white, black and tan, sable and white and tricolor (black, white and tan). However, shades of fawn and red tan to white are also observed. According to the breed standard, the coat may vary from straight to wavy or curly, except on the face, skull and front of the legs where it remains short and smooth.

English Springer Spaniel

The English Springer Spaniel is a breed of gun dog within the Spaniel group, traditionally employed for flushing and retrieving game. This breed originated from the Norfolk or Shropshire Spaniels of the mid-19th century and has since diverged into distinct show and working lines.

The English Springer Spaniel, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a medium-sized, compact dog. It has a moderately long coat with feathering on the legs and tail. Known for its well-proportioned and balanced build, the breed features a gentle expression. Among dog breeds, the English Springer Spaniel exhibits perhaps the most significant divergence between its working and show lines.

English Toy Terrier

According to the Kennel Club (UK), the English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan) should stand 25–30 cm (10–12 in) tall and weigh between 2.7–3.6 kg (6–8 lb). The only acceptable color for this breed is black with distinct tan markings on the legs, chest and face. Its movement is likened to the extended trot of a horse. The English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan) features almond-shaped eyes and ‘candle-flame’ ears.

This breed is listed as a vulnerable native breed by the Kennel Club (UK), with an average of only 100 puppies registered each year. Breeders are making significant efforts to increase the breed’s popularity and develop a sustainable gene pool.

Entlebucher Mountain Dog

The Entlebucher Sennenhund, also known as the Entlebucher Mountain Dog, is a medium-sized herding breed and the smallest of the four regional breeds that make up the Sennenhund type.

Females of this breed are square-shaped, while males are slightly longer and less square. The Entlebucher Sennenhund is a sturdy, medium-sized dog with small, triangular ears and relatively small brown eyes. Its head is well-proportioned to its body, featuring a strong, flat skull. The jaw is long, well-formed and powerful and its compact feet support its muscular build.

Like all large, active working dogs, the Entlebucher Sennenhund should be well socialized early in life with other dogs and people. They require regular activity and training. Individual temperament can vary, but the breed standard describes them as “good-natured and devoted towards people familiar to him, slightly suspicious of strangers.”

Epagneul Pont Audemer

The Pont-Audemer Spaniel, also known as the Epagneul Pont-Audemer, is a rare French gundog breed. This medium-sized dog typically weighs between 44 to 60 pounds (20–27 kg) and stands about 50–58 centimeters (20–23 inches) at the withers. It is distinct from most sporting dog breeds in the US and UK due to its length and the pointed shape of its muzzle.

The coat of the Pont-Audemer Spaniel is usually curly or at least quite wavy, though it remains smooth around the face. The most common coat pattern is brown and white roan, but a solid brown coat is also acceptable. Both patterns may feature red-brown “dead leaf glints.” Black or tan markings are considered faults. The hair on the face is short.

Epicyon haydeni

Epicyon haydeni, one of the largest canids ever, lived from the Early to Late Miocene (5-20 million years ago) in North America. This “bone-crushing dog” was part of the Borophaginae sub-family and weighed between 200-300 lbs, with the largest specimen reaching 370 lbs. It had a length of 7-10 feet and stood 35 inches at the shoulder. Known for its strong jaws and omnivorous diet, Epicyon haydeni primarily preyed on large herbivores. The species eventually went extinct, likely due to competition with faster, more efficient predators like the saber-toothed cats​.

Epidexipteryx

Epidexipteryx is a genus of small maniraptoran dinosaurs, represented by a single fossil specimen housed at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing. The species E. hui is known from a well-preserved partial skeleton that features four long feathers on its tail. These feathers are composed of a central rachis and vanes, but unlike modern tail feathers, the vanes are not branched into individual filaments. Instead, they form a single ribbon-like sheet.

Equatorial Spitting Cobra

This species averages between 0.9 to 1.2 meters (3.0 to 3.9 feet) in length, though individuals can grow up to 1.5 meters (4.9 feet). The body is dorsoventrally compressed and sub-cylindrical towards the rear. The head is elliptical, slightly distinct from the neck and features a depressed shape with a short, rounded snout and large nostrils. The eyes are medium-sized with round pupils. Dorsal scales are smooth and strongly oblique.

This species of cobra lacks hood markings and its coloration varies geographically. There are two main color phases: a yellow form commonly found in Thailand and Northern Peninsular Malaysia and a black form found in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and the islands of Indonesia and the Philippines. Juveniles and adults also exhibit different coloration.

Equus giganteus

The giant horse (Equus giganteus), one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is an extinct horse species that once roamed North America. Its classification as a species was based on the discovery of a single tooth, which was larger than those of the largest modern draft horses. From this tooth, scientists estimated the giant horse’s weight to be between 1,200 and 1,500 kg (2,600–3,300 lb) and its height to be approximately 2.25 meters (7 ft 5 in) tall at the shoulder.

Ermine

The family Yponomeutidae, commonly known as the ermine moths, comprises several hundred species, most of which are found in tropical regions. The larvae of these moths typically form communal webs and can sometimes be minor pests in agriculture, forestry and horticulture. Adult ermine moths also play a role as minor pollinators.

Ermine moths range in size from small to medium, with wingspans varying from 8 to 31 mm (0.3 to 1.2 inches). They generally have smooth scales on their heads, a naked haustellum and upward-curving labial palps. The maxillary palps usually consist of one or two segments. Their wings are elongated, often featuring fringes along the trailing edges of the hindwings. The coloration of ermine moths is typically white, pale grey, or drab, often adorned with numerous dark speckles.

Eryops

Eryops is a genus of extinct, amphibious temnospondyls. Typically, Eryops measured between 1.5 and 2.0 meters (4 ft 11 in to 6 ft 7 in) in length, with some individuals growing up to 3 meters (9 ft 10 in), making them among the largest land animals of their era. Adult Eryops weighed between 102 and 222 kilograms (225 to 489 pounds).

The skull of Eryops, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, was notably large, broad and flat, reaching up to 60 centimeters (24 inches) in length. It had an enormous mouth filled with many curved teeth, similar to those of frogs. The teeth featured enamel with a folded pattern, which led to its early classification as a “labyrinthodont” or “maze toothed.”

Escolar

The escolar, scientifically known as Lepidocybium flavobrunneum, is a fish species in the family Gempylidae. It inhabits deep tropical and temperate waters globally, typically found at depths ranging from 200 to 885 meters (656 to 2,904 feet).

The high wax ester content in escolar can lead to keriorrhea (Greek for “flow of wax”), also known as gempylotoxism or gempylid fish poisoning. Symptoms can vary from stomach cramps to rapid, loose bowel movements, occurring between 30 minutes to 36 hours after consumption. This condition is also referred to as steatorrhea.

Eskimo Dog

The Eskimo Dog, also known as the Canadian Eskimo Dog or Qimmiq, is a rare and ancient breed native to the Arctic regions of Canada. Traditionally used by the Inuit people for sledding, hunting and guarding, these dogs are well-adapted to extreme cold and harsh environments. Characterized by their muscular build, thick double coat and erect ears, Eskimo Dogs are known for their endurance and strength. Males typically weigh between 66-95 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 40-66 pounds. Standing 20-27 inches tall, they exhibit a robust, wolf-like appearance.

The breed’s history dates back over 4,000 years, with DNA evidence suggesting a close relationship to wolves. Despite their historical importance, the Eskimo Dog population has significantly declined, primarily due to the introduction of snowmobiles and other modern transportation methods. Conservation efforts are ongoing to preserve this culturally significant breed.

Eskipoo

The Eskipoo, a delightful designer breed, is a cross between an American Eskimo Dog and a Poodle. These dogs typically weigh between 13 to 20 pounds and stand about 9 to 15 inches tall. Known for their intelligence and friendly nature, Eskipoos make excellent family pets and companions.

Eskipoos, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, inherit a hypoallergenic coat from their Poodle parent, which is beneficial for allergy sufferers. Eskipoos require regular grooming to maintain their coat and they thrive on mental and physical stimulation. Their life expectancy ranges from 12 to 15 years and they are generally healthy, although they may be prone to common canine health issues such as hip dysplasia and eye problems.

Due to their lively and affectionate temperament, Eskipoos are well-suited for families, singles and seniors alike. They adapt well to various living situations, including apartments, as long as they receive adequate exercise and attention. Training an Eskipoo is typically straightforward due to their eagerness to please and quick learning abilities. This breed is a wonderful choice for those seeking a loving, intelligent and adaptable canine companion.

Estrela Mountain Dog

The Estrela Mountain Dog (Portuguese: cão da Serra da Estrela) is a large breed originating from Portugal’s Estrela Mountains, specifically bred to guard herds and homesteads.

This breed comes in two coat types, both resembling the texture of goat hair. The acceptable coat colors include fawn, wolf gray and yellow, with or without brindling, white markings, or black shadings throughout the coat. All color variations should have a dark facial mask, preferably black, while blue coloration is highly undesirable.

The ideal height for mature males is between 25½ to 28½ inches and for mature females, it is between 24½ to 27 inches. Mature males in good working condition typically weigh between 88 and 110 pounds, while females weigh between 66 and 88 pounds.

Euoplocephalus

Euoplocephalus is a genus of large, herbivorous ankylosaurid dinosaurs that lived during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Canada. This dinosaur reached lengths of 5.3 meters (17 feet) and had a body mass of approximately 2 metric tons (2.2 short tons). It had a low-slung, flat and wide body supported by four sturdy legs.

Euoplocephalus, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, possessed a short, drooping snout with a horny beak, which it used to bite off plants that were then digested in its large gut. Like other ankylosaurids, it was largely covered in bony armor plates, including rows of large, high-ridged oval scutes. Its neck was protected by two rings of bone. For defense, Euoplocephalus had a heavy club at the end of its tail, which it could use to fend off predators such as Albertosaurus, Daspletosaurus and Gorgosaurus.

Eurasian Beaver

The Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber), also known as the European beaver, is a species that was once widespread across Eurasia. However, it was hunted to near extinction for its fur and castoreum. By the early 20th century, the population had dwindled to about 1,200 individuals spread across eight isolated groups in Europe and Asia.

The Eurasian beaver is among the largest living rodent species and is the largest rodent native to Eurasia. Its body length ranges from 80 to 100 cm (31 to 39 inches), with a tail length of 25 to 50 cm (9.8 to 19.7 inches). It typically weighs between 11 and 30 kg (24 to 66 pounds). Based on average weights, it is considered the world’s second heaviest rodent, following the capybara and it is slightly larger and heavier than the North American beaver. An exceptionally large specimen was recorded at 31.7 kg (70 pounds) and there are reports of individuals potentially exceeding 40 kg (88 pounds).

Eurasian Bullfinch

The Eurasian bullfinch, also known as the common bullfinch or simply bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula), is a small passerine bird in the finch family, Fringillidae. In English-speaking regions of Europe, it is referred to as the bullfinch, as it is the original species to bear this name.

The Eurasian bullfinch is characterized by its bulky, bull-headed appearance. Its upper parts are grey, while the flight feathers and short, thick bill are black. Adults have a black cap and face, which are greyish-brown in juveniles. The white rump and wing bars are particularly noticeable in flight. The adult male displays red underparts, whereas females and young birds have grey-buff underparts. The species undergoes molting between July and October, but unlike some other finches, males do not exhibit a duller autumn plumage.

Eurasian Collared Dove

The Eurasian collared dove, also known as the collared dove or Turkish dove (Streptopelia decaocto), is a species native to Europe and Asia and has been introduced to Japan, North America and various Caribbean islands.

This medium-sized dove is distinctly smaller than the wood pigeon, with a similar length to a rock dove but slimmer and with a longer tail. It is slightly larger than the European turtle dove. The Eurasian collared dove typically measures 32 cm (13 inches) in length from the tip of the beak to the tip of the tail, with a wingspan of 47–55 cm (19–22 inches) and a weight ranging from 125 to 240 grams (4.4–8.5 ounces).

The Eurasian collared dove’s color is grey-buff to pinkish-grey, slightly darker on the upper parts than on the lower parts and it features a blue-grey underwing patch. The tail feathers are grey-buff on top, dark grey with white tips underneath and the outer tail feathers have whitish tips on the upper side. The dove is named for the distinctive black half-collar edged with white on its nape.

Eurasian Eagle-owl

The Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) is a species of eagle-owl found across much of Eurasia. It is also known as the Uhu and is sometimes simply referred to as the eagle-owl in Europe and Asia.

This bird of prey is among the largest, positioned between the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) and the snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) in terms of size, though there is some overlap with both species. It is often considered the world’s largest owl, though the Blakiston’s fish owl (B. blakistoni) tends to be heavier on average and the great grey owl (Strix nebulosa), despite being much lighter, is slightly longer on average.

Eurasian Jay

The Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) is a passerine bird belonging to the crow family, Corvidae. It is characterized by its pinkish-brown plumage, black stripes on each side of its whitish throat, a bright blue panel on the upper wing and a black tail. This woodland bird is found across a wide geographic range, from western Europe and north-west Africa to the Indian subcontinent, extending to the eastern seaboard of Asia and down into southeast Asia. Throughout this extensive range, several distinct racial forms have evolved, resulting in noticeable differences in appearance, particularly when comparing populations from opposite ends of its distribution.

Eurasian Lynx

The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is one of the four existing species in the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx. Its distribution spans Northern, Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Siberia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. This species inhabits temperate and boreal forests, reaching elevations of up to 5,500 meters (18,000 feet). Despite its broad range, the Eurasian lynx faces threats from habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching and prey depletion.

The Eurasian lynx, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, features a relatively short coat that is reddish or brown with black spots, which vary greatly in number and pattern. The underparts, neck and chin are whitish. Animals in the southern part of its range have brighter fur with more numerous spots. In winter, the fur becomes much thicker and ranges in color from silver-grey to greyish-brown.

Eurasian Nuthatch

The Eurasian nuthatch, also known as the wood nuthatch (Sitta europaea), is a small passerine bird found throughout the Palearctic region and Europe. Like other nuthatches, it has a short tail and a long bill, with blue-gray upperparts and a distinctive black eye-stripe. This bird is known for its vocal nature, often emitting a repeated loud “dwip” call.

There are over 20 subspecies of the Eurasian nuthatch, grouped into three main categories. Birds in the western part of the range have orange-buff underparts and a white throat, those in Russia have whitish underparts and those in the eastern regions resemble the European birds but do not have the white throat.

Eurasian Sparrowhawk

The Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), also known as the northern sparrowhawk or simply sparrowhawk, is a small bird of prey belonging to the family Accipitridae. Adult males have bluish-grey upperparts and orange-barred underparts, while females and juveniles are brown above with brown barring below. The female is up to 25% larger than the male, representing one of the most significant size differences between sexes in bird species.

As a predator that specializes in catching woodland birds, the Eurasian sparrowhawk can be found in various habitats, often hunting garden birds in urban areas. Males typically prey on smaller birds such as tits, finches and sparrows. In contrast, females primarily catch thrushes and starlings but can also kill birds weighing up to 500 grams (18 ounces) or more.

Eurasian Wolf

The Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), also known as the common wolf, is a subspecies of the grey wolf found in Europe and Asia. Before the Middle Ages, it was widespread throughout Eurasia.

This subspecies is the largest of the Old World grey wolves, with an average weight of 39 kg (86 lb) in Europe. Exceptionally large individuals have been recorded weighing between 69–79 kg (152–174 lb), though this can vary by region. The Eurasian wolf’s fur is relatively short and coarse, typically tawny in color with white on the throat that barely reaches the cheeks.

In Russia, adult Eurasian wolves measure between 105–160 cm (41–63 in) in length, stand 80–85 cm (31–33 in) tall at the shoulder and weigh on average between 32–50 kg (71–110 lb), with a maximum recorded weight of 69–80 kg (152–176 lb). The largest known Eurasian wolf was killed after World War II in the Kobelyakski Area of the Poltavskij Region in the Ukrainian SSR, weighing 86 kg (190 lb).

Eurasier

The Eurasier, or Eurasian, is a spitz-type breed of dog that originated in Germany through the cross-breeding of European and Asian Spitz breeds. This breed is renowned for being a wonderful companion, maintaining its own unique personality, displaying dignified reserve with strangers, forming strong bonds with its family and being relatively easy to train.

The Eurasier, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, is a well-balanced, medium-sized spitz-type dog with prick ears. It comes in various colors, including fawn, red, wolf-grey, solid black and black and tan. All color combinations are acceptable, except for pure white, white patches and liver color. According to Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) standards, the Eurasier should have a thick undercoat and medium-long, loosely lying guard hair covering its body, with shorter hair on the muzzle, face, ears and front legs.

European Bee-Eater

The European bee-eater (Merops apiaster) is a near passerine bird belonging to the bee-eater family, Meropidae. It breeds in southern and central Europe, northern and southern Africa and western Asia. Apart from the resident population in southern Africa, this species is highly migratory, wintering in tropical Africa. Occasionally, it is seen as a spring overshoot north of its usual range, with some instances of breeding in northern Europe.

Like other bee-eaters, the European bee-eater is a vividly colored, slender bird. It features brown and yellow upper parts, green wings and a black beak. The bird measures 27–29 cm (10.6–11.4 in) in length, including the two elongated central tail feathers. Both sexes look alike, though females tend to have greener feathers on their shoulders compared to the more golden feathers of males. Non-breeding plumage is duller, with a blue-green back and no elongated central tail feathers.

European Corn Borer

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), also known as the European corn worm or European high-flyer, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is a significant pest of grain crops, particularly maize (Zea mays). Native to Europe, the European corn borer originally infested millet varieties, including broom corn.

The adult European corn borer measures about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in length, with a wingspan of 0.75 to 1 inch (1.9–2.5 cm). Females are light yellowish-brown with dark, irregular, wavy bands across their wings, while males are slightly smaller and darker, with the tip of their abdomen protruding beyond their closed wings. These moths are most active before dawn and adults primarily spend their time feeding and mating. It is noted that males and females of different strains produce distinct sex pheromones.

European Goldfinch

The European goldfinch, or simply goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), is a small passerine bird belonging to the finch family. It is native to Europe, North Africa and western and central Asia and has been introduced to regions such as Australia, New Zealand and Uruguay.

An average European goldfinch measures 12–13 cm (4.7–5.1 in) in length, with a wingspan of 21–25 cm (8.3–9.8 in) and weighs between 14 to 19 g (0.49 to 0.67 oz). Both sexes have similar appearances, characterized by a red face, black and white head, warm brown upper parts, white underparts with buff flanks and breast patches and black and yellow wings.

European Polecat

The European polecat (Mustela putorius), also referred to as the common polecat, black polecat, or forest polecat, is a mustelid species indigenous to western Eurasia and North Africa. The European polecat has the characteristic appearance of the Mustela genus, but it tends to be more compact and less elongated compared to the European mink or steppe polecat. Despite its short legs, the body structure of the European polecat is relatively sturdy. Its tail is short, measuring about one-third of its body length. The polecat’s eyes are small and feature dark brown irises.

European Robin

The European robin (Erithacus rubecula), often referred to simply as the robin or robin redbreast in Great Britain and Ireland, is a small insectivorous passerine bird. Adult European robins measure between 12.5 and 14.0 cm (4.9–5.5 in) in length, weigh 16 to 22 g (0.56–0.78 oz) and have a wingspan of 20 to 22 cm (8–8.5 in).

Both male and female robins display similar plumage, featuring an orange breast and face, which is more vividly colored in the British subspecies E. r. melophilus. This orange is bordered by bluish-grey on the sides of the neck and chest. The upperparts are generally brownish, with a slight olive tinge in British birds and the belly is whitish. Their legs and feet are brown, while the bill and eyes are black. Juvenile robins are characterized by a spotted brown and white coloration, with patches of orange gradually developing as they mature.

European Starling

The European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is a small passerine bird native to Europe, Asia and North Africa but now found globally due to intentional introductions. These birds are approximately 8 inches long with a wingspan of about 12-16 inches and they weigh around 2.5-3.5 ounces. Their plumage is predominantly iridescent black with a greenish-purple sheen, speckled with white during the winter months. European Starlings are highly social and form large flocks, particularly in urban and suburban areas.

European Starlings, one of the fascinating animals that start with E, are known for their adaptability and omnivorous diet, consuming insects, fruits and seeds. They are cavity nesters, often using holes in trees or buildings and can produce two to three broods per year, each consisting of four to six eggs. These birds are also notable mimics, capable of imitating the calls of other bird species and even human-made sounds.

The introduction of European Starlings to North America occurred in the late 19th century, with approximately 100 birds released in New York City’s Central Park. Since then, their population has exploded, with current estimates exceeding 200 million individuals across the continent.

European Wildcat

The European wildcat (Felis silvestris) is a small wildcat species found across continental Europe, Scotland, Turkey and the Caucasus. Preferring forest habitats, it ranges from the Iberian Peninsula and Italy through Central and Eastern Europe to the Caucasus region. The European wildcat is characterized by its brownish to grey fur, which features distinctive stripes on the forehead and sides and a bushy tail with a black tip. This feline can grow to a head-to-body length of up to 65 cm (26 inches), with its tail adding an additional 34.5 cm (13.6 inches) and can weigh up to 7.5 kg (17 pounds).

Eurypterus

Eurypterus is an extinct genus of eurypterids, commonly known as “sea scorpions.” These creatures lived during the Silurian period, approximately 432 to 418 million years ago. Individuals of Eurypterus typically ranged from 13 to 23 cm (5 to 9 inches) in length, although the largest specimen found was estimated to be 60 cm (24 inches) long. They featured spine-bearing appendages and a large paddle-like limb used for swimming. As generalists, Eurypterus species were likely to engage in both predation and scavenging.

Evening Bat

The evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) is a species within the vesper bat family, native to North America. These bats are nocturnal hunters, feeding on beetles, moths and other flying insects.

Originally considered a southeastern species, evening bats have been observed breeding as far north as Michigan and as far west as the 100th meridian. They roost in diverse structures, such as Spanish moss, beneath bark, within tree cavities and in buildings. In Georgia, evening bats prefer foraging in pine forests, riparian zones and open fields. Their home ranges span approximately 300 hectares (1.15 square miles). Since evening bats are not found in the northernmost parts of their range during winter, it is likely that some populations are migratory.

Evening Grosbeak

The evening grosbeak is a robust bird with a large bill and short tail, classified in the genus Hesperiphona by both the IOC checklist and the Handbook of the Birds of the World. This species closely resembles the Eurasian hawfinch, as both are sturdy, heavily built finches with substantial bills and short tails. The evening grosbeak measures between 16 to 22 cm (6.3 to 8.7 in) in length and has a wingspan of 30 to 36 cm (12 to 14 in).

In a substantial winter sample of grosbeaks in Pennsylvania, male evening grosbeaks weighed between 38.7 to 86.1 g (1.37 to 3.04 oz), averaging 60 g (2.1 oz). Female grosbeaks weighed from 43.2 to 73.5 g (1.52 to 2.59 oz), with an average weight of 58.7 g (2.07 oz).

Executioner Wasp

Polistes carnifex, commonly known as the executioner wasp or executioner paper wasp, is a neotropical vespid wasp. It is the largest species in the genus Polistes found in the Neotropics, with a body length that can reach up to three centimeters. Typically, these wasps measure between 24 and 27 mm, though some individuals can grow up to 33 mm. Despite their formidable size, executioner wasps are relatively non-aggressive.

The wasp is predominantly yellow with some brown and partially blackish stripes. Its antennae are yellow with darkened bases. The head is yellow with a black crown that transitions into reddish-brown stripes.

Eyelash Viper

The eyelash viper (Bothriechis schlegelii) is a small, venomous pit viper native to Central and South America. This striking species is well-known for the distinctive scale protrusions above its eyes that resemble eyelashes. Typically, eyelash vipers grow to about 22-32 inches (56-81 cm) in length and exhibit a variety of color morphs, including yellow, green, brown and even pink, allowing them to blend seamlessly into their surroundings.

Eyelash vipers inhabit humid, tropical rainforests and are often found in lowland regions and along river edges. They are arboreal, spending much of their time in trees or shrubs, which aids in ambushing their prey. Their diet primarily consists of small birds, frogs, lizards and rodents. The viper’s heat-sensing pits allow it to detect warm-blooded prey, even in complete darkness.

Reproduction occurs through ovoviviparity, where females give birth to live young, typically producing 10-12 offspring per litter. The young are independent from birth and receive no parental care. Eyelash vipers have a relatively long lifespan for snakes, living up to 10-15 years in captivity.

In conclusion, the diverse list of animals that start with E highlights the incredible variety within the animal kingdom. From the diminutive yet venomous eyelash viper to the majestic and adaptable European Starling, each species showcases unique adaptations and ecological roles. Understanding these animals enriches our appreciation of biodiversity and underscores the importance of conservation efforts.