Animals That Start with H: Ultimate Guide to Stunning Creatures

The animal world is full of surprises! Today, we’re focusing on all the amazing animals that start with H. This might seem like a short animals list, but you’ll be surprised at how many interesting animals fall into this category. We’ll meet some familiar friends, like the speedy Horse, and discover some new ones, like the fascinating Hippopotamus. Buckle up and get ready to learn some fun facts about these H animals!

Haast’s Eagle

Haast’s eagle (Hieraaetus moorei), now extinct, once inhabited New Zealand’s South Island. Recognized as the largest eagle ever, it weighed between 10 to 18 kilograms (22–40 pounds). In comparison, the largest living eagle, the harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja), weighs up to 9 kg (20 lb). This significant size difference is attributed to Haast’s eagle’s primary prey, the flightless moa, which could weigh up to 200 kg (440 lb). Haast’s eagle became extinct around 1445.

Despite its large size, it had a relatively short wingspan, with grown females typically measuring up to 2.6 meters (8 ft 6 in), and in some instances, possibly up to 3 meters (10 ft). This wingspan is comparable to the upper range of sizes seen in some of the largest extant eagles.

Habu Snake

The Habu Snake (Trimeresurus flavoviridis), also known as the Okinawa Habu, is a venomous pit viper native to the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. This snake can grow up to 2.4 meters (7.9 feet) in length, though most are typically around 1.5 meters (4.9 feet). It has a robust body with a greenish-yellow coloration and dark, irregular bands along its length.

The Habu, one of the fascinating animals starting with H, is primarily nocturnal and inhabits a variety of environments, including forests, grasslands, and human settlements. It preys on small mammals, birds, and amphibians, using its heat-sensing pits to locate warm-blooded prey. The venom of the Habu Snake is hemotoxic, causing severe pain, swelling, and tissue damage, and it can be fatal if not treated promptly. Annually, around 30 to 40 people are bitten by Habu Snakes in Okinawa.

Haddock

The haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is a ray-finned fish that inhabits saltwater. Populations of haddock are found on both sides of the North Atlantic, though they are more plentiful in the eastern Atlantic compared to the North American side. The haddock’s body is elongated and tapers, a common feature among cod family members. Its mouth is relatively small and does not extend below the eye. The lower profile of its face is straight, while the upper profile is slightly rounded, giving its snout a distinctive wedge-shaped appearance. The upper jaw extends beyond the lower jaw more prominently than in the Atlantic cod. Additionally, a small barbel is present on its chin.

Hagfish

Hagfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, possess elongated, eel-like bodies with paddle-shaped tails. Their skin is loose, resembling a loosely fitting sock, and they are typically a dull pink, giving them a worm-like appearance. They have cartilaginous skulls, with the brain region primarily encased in a fibrous sheath, and tooth-like structures made of keratin.

Most hagfish are about 50 cm (19.7 in) long. The largest recorded species, Eptatretus goliath, measured 127 cm (4 ft 2 in), whereas Myxine kuoi and Myxine pequenoi generally do not exceed 18 cm (7.1 in). Some specimens can be as small as 4 cm (1.6 in). Curious for more? Read the full article here!

Haikouichthys

Haikouichthys, an extinct genus of early jawless fish, is one of the most primitive vertebrates known, dating back to the Cambrian period approximately 518 million years ago. Discovered in the Chengjiang fossil beds in China, Haikouichthys is notable for its well-preserved anatomical features that offer insights into the early evolution of vertebrates. These fish were small, measuring around 2.5 to 3 centimeters (about 1 inch) in length.

Haikouichthys had a streamlined body with a distinct head, a notochord, myomeres (muscle segments), and a series of gill pouches, all characteristics indicative of early vertebrates. Unlike more derived vertebrates, Haikouichthys lacked a true backbone but had cartilaginous structures that provided support. Its sensory features included paired eyes and nasal sacs, suggesting a capability for detecting light and possibly odors in its environment.

Hainosaurus

Hanosaurus is an extinct genus of marine reptiles that lived during the Triassic period in present-day China. Although it was a basal sauropterygian, it likely did not spend much time on land. This is inferred from its pachyostotic ribs and a reduced pelvis, which probably could not support terrestrial locomotion. Wang et al. (2022) proposed that Hanosaurus was an axial swimmer due to its elongated trunk and smaller limbs, distinguishing it from other sauropterygians, which were generally recognized as paraxial swimmers.

Hairy Frogfish

The striated frogfish, also known as the hairy frogfish (Antennarius striatus), is a species of marine ray-finned fish. This small fish can grow up to 22 cm (8.7 in) in length. Similar to other members of its family, it possesses a rounded, extensible body, and its soft skin is covered with irregularly-arranged dermal spinules that resemble hairs. Its large mouth can extend forward, allowing it to swallow prey as large as itself. The body coloration of the striated frogfish is highly variable, as individual fish typically match their surroundings.

Hairy frogfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, can change their coloration and pigment patterns, requiring only a few weeks to adapt. The primary colors range from yellow to brownish-orange and include various shades. Additionally, they can be green, gray, brown, nearly white, or even entirely black without any pattern.

Hairy Woodpecker

The hairy woodpecker (Leuconotopicus villosus) is a medium-sized woodpecker widespread across North America. It measures about 250 mm (9.8 in) in length with a wingspan of approximately 380 mm (15 in). As of 2020, its population is estimated at nearly nine million individuals, leading the IUCN to classify it as a species of least concern.

Adult hairy woodpeckers have predominantly black upper parts and wings, with a white or pale back and white spots on the wings. Their throat and belly coloration can range from white to sooty brown, depending on the subspecies. They feature a white bar above and below the eye and have a black tail with white outer feathers. Adult males are distinguished by a red patch or two side-by-side patches on the back of the head, while juvenile males may have red or occasionally orange-red crowns.

Hairy-footed Flower Bee

The Hairy-footed Flower Bee (Anthophora plumipes) is a distinctive and early-emerging solitary bee species found across Europe, including the United Kingdom. Known for their rapid and darting flight, these bees are named for the male’s characteristic long, dense hairs on their middle legs, which are used to transfer scent during mating displays. The males have a ginger-brown coloration, while the females are predominantly black with a striking orange pollen brush on their hind legs. Measuring approximately 13 to 15 millimeters in length, these bees are important pollinators for a variety of early spring flowers such as lungwort (Pulmonaria), primroses (Primula), and dead-nettles (Lamium).

Halibut

Halibut, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, exhibit a dark brown coloration on their top side and a white to off-white underbelly, with very small, nearly invisible scales embedded in their skin. At birth, halibut are symmetrical, having one eye on each side of the head. However, around six months of age, during larval metamorphosis, one eye migrates to the other side of the head. The Atlantic halibut is recognized as the world’s largest flatfish.

The IGFA size record for halibut was reportedly broken in July 2013 off the coast of Norway by a 234-kilogram (515-pound), 2.62-meter (8-foot-7-inch) fish, awaiting certification as of 2013. Additionally, in July 2014, a 219-kilogram (482-pound) Pacific halibut was caught in Glacier Bay, Alaska. However, this catch is excluded from records because the fish was shot and harpooned before being brought aboard.

Hallucigenia

Hallucigenia is a genus of lobopodian known from Cambrian-aged fossils found in Burgess Shale-type deposits in Canada and China, as well as from isolated spines discovered globally. Hallucigenia is a tubular animal measuring 0.5–5.5 cm in length, with up to ten pairs of slender legs (lobopods). The first 2 or 3 pairs of legs are slender and lack distinctive features, while the remaining 7 or 8 pairs each end with 1 or 2 claws. Above the trunk region, there are 7 pairs of rigid conical sclerites (spines) that correspond to the 3rd–9th leg pairs.

Hamburg Chicken

The Hamburg chicken, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a small to medium-sized breed. Males typically weigh between 2 and 2.5 kg, while females weigh around 1.6 to 1.8 kg. They feature slender legs and a neat rose comb. The ring size for males is 16 mm and 15 mm for females. In Germany and Holland, eleven distinct color varieties are recognized, including silver-spangled, gold-spangled, gold-pencilled, citron-pencilled, silver-pencilled, white, black, and citron-spangled. The American standard of perfection includes six of these varieties. Generally, pencilled breeds are the smallest, while self-colored birds tend to be the largest. Additionally, there are Bantam varieties of Hamburgs.

Hammerhead Shark

Hammerhead sharks vary in size, ranging from 0.9 to 6.0 meters (2 ft 11 in to 19 ft 8 in) in length and weighing between 3 to 580 kg (6.6 to 1,300 lb). Notably, a specimen caught off the Florida coast in 1906 exceeded 680 kg (1,500 lb). These sharks are typically light gray with a greenish tint and have white bellies, which help them blend into the background when viewed from below, aiding in their approach to prey.

Hammerhead sharks’ heads feature lateral projections, giving them their distinctive hammer-like shape. While similar overall, the shape varies among species: the great hammerhead has a distinct T-shape, the scalloped hammerhead has a rounded head with a central notch, and the smooth hammerhead has an unnotched rounded head. Curious for more? Read the full article here!

Hammerhead Worm

The Hammerhead Worm (Bipalium spp.) is a terrestrial flatworm known for its distinctive hammer-shaped head, which can span up to 20 centimeters (8 inches) in length. Native to Southeast Asia, these invasive worms have now spread to various parts of the world, including the United States and Europe, primarily through the global trade of plants.

Hammerhead Worms, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are carnivorous and primarily feed on earthworms, which they subdue by secreting a potent neurotoxin called tetrodotoxin. This feeding behavior poses a threat to local ecosystems, as it can significantly reduce earthworm populations, which are crucial for soil health and nutrient cycling. The reproductive strategy of Hammerhead Worms includes fragmentation, where a worm can regenerate into multiple individuals from body parts, contributing to their rapid spread and resilience. Their mucus contains toxins that can cause irritation to human skin upon contact.

Hammond’s flycatcher

Hammond’s flycatcher (Empidonax hammondii) belongs to the family Tyrannidae. This small insectivorous bird is found in the coniferous and mixed forests of western North America. Adults measure 12–14 cm (4.7-5.5 in) in length, have a wingspan of about 22 cm (8.7 in), and weigh between 8-12 g (0.3-0.4 oz). Their upperparts are grayish-olive, darker on the wings and tail, while their underparts are whitish. They feature a prominent white eye ring, white wing bars, a small bill, and a short tail. The breast is tinged with gray, and the sides of the belly have a yellowish hue. Females typically have a shorter, wider bill compared to males. Immature birds resemble adults but have broader wing bars and a more buff coloration.

Hamster

Hamsters are rodents that have become popular small pets. They are more crepuscular than nocturnal, staying underground during the day in the wild to avoid predators. Their diet mainly consists of seeds, fruits, and vegetation, but they will also consume burrowing insects on occasion. Hamsters are characterized by their stout bodies, short tails, and fur-covered feet. One of their distinctive features is their elongated cheek pouches, which extend to their shoulders and are used to transport food back to their burrows.

Physically, hamsters have tails that are shorter than their body length, small furry ears, short and stocky legs, and wide feet. Their fur is thick and silky, varying in length and color depending on the species. Fur colors include black, grey, honey, white, brown, yellow, red, or a combination of these.

Harbor Porpoise

The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of the eight existing species of porpoises. It is slightly smaller compared to other porpoises, measuring approximately 67–85 cm in length at birth and weighing between 6.4–10 kg. Both male and female adults typically grow to a length of 1.4 to 1.9 m (4 ft 7 in to 6 ft 3 in). Females tend to be heavier, reaching a maximum weight of about 76 kg (168 lb), whereas males can weigh up to 61 kg (134 lb). The harbour porpoise, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, has a robust body, with its greatest girth just in front of its triangular dorsal fin.

Harbor Seal

The harbor (or harbour) seal (Phoca vitulina), also known as the common seal, inhabits temperate and Arctic marine coastlines of the Northern Hemisphere. As the most widely distributed species of pinniped (including walruses, eared seals, and true seals), harbor seals are found in the coastal waters of the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, as well as the Baltic and North Seas.

These seals have a range of colors including brown, silvery white, tan, or gray, and are characterized by their distinctive V-shaped nostrils. Adult harbor seals can reach a length of up to 1.85 meters (6.1 feet) and weigh as much as 168 kilograms (370 pounds). The blubber beneath their skin helps to regulate their body temperature. Females tend to live longer than males, with a lifespan of 30–35 years compared to the males’ 20–25 years.

Hardhead Catfish

The hardhead catfish (Ariopsis felis) is a species of sea catfish found in the northwest Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. It is one of four species within the genus Ariopsis. The name “hardhead catfish” originates from the hard, bony plate that extends rearward from a line between the catfish’s eyes towards the dorsal fin. This marine catfish has an elongated body, growing up to 28 inches (70 cm) in length and weighing up to 12 pounds (5.5 kg). Typically, they weigh less than 1 pound (450 g), but it is common for them to reach weights of up to 3 pounds (1.4 kg). Hardhead catfish are usually a dirty gray color on top, with white undersides.

Hare

Hares and jackrabbits, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are mammals classified under the genus Lepus. These herbivores typically live either alone or in pairs and nest in shallow depressions known as forms. Their young are self-sufficient shortly after birth. The genus includes some of the largest lagomorphs. Most hares and jackrabbits are adept runners, equipped with long, powerful hind legs and large ears that help dissipate body heat. Native to Africa, Eurasia, and North America, hares exhibit remarkable speed. A hare younger than one year is referred to as a “leveret,” and a group of hares is called a “husk,” “down,” or “drove.”

Hares can reach speeds of up to 80 km/h (50 mph) over short distances. The European hare (Lepus europaeus), for instance, can sustain speeds of up to 55 km/h (35 mph) over longer distances. In central and western North America, the five species of jackrabbits can run at 65 km/h (40 mph) over extended distances and can leap as far as 3 meters (10 feet) in a single bound.

Harlequin Coral Snake

The Harlequin Coral Snake (Micrurus fulvius), found primarily in the southeastern United States, is a highly venomous elapid known for its striking coloration and potent neurotoxic venom. Typically measuring between 51 to 76 centimeters (20 to 30 inches) in length, it features distinctive, alternating bands of black, yellow, and red, with the yellow bands separating the black from the red ones. This coloration serves as a warning to potential predators, and it is often mimicked by non-venomous species such as the Scarlet Kingsnake (Lampropeltis elapsoides).

The venom of the Harlequin Coral Snake contains powerful neurotoxins that can cause respiratory failure and paralysis by disrupting nerve signaling. However, bites to humans are rare due to the snake’s reclusive nature and its preference for hiding under debris or within leaf litter. When bites do occur, they require immediate medical attention and administration of antivenom

Harlequin Rabbit

The Harlequin, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a vibrant rabbit breed that originated in France. This breed is primarily recognized for its distinctive coloration and markings, rather than its fur and body type. The ideal weight for a standard Harlequin ranges from 6.5 to 9.5 pounds (2 to 3 kg), with males (bucks) typically weighing between 6.5 and 9 pounds, and females (does) weighing between 7 and 9.5 pounds. A traditional Harlequin features a mix of black or another non-silvered color and white or bright orange. The ideal Harlequin displays an even distribution of both colors, with a perfect half-and-half coloration on the head.

Harp Seal

The harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus), also known as the Saddleback Seal or Greenland Seal, is a species of earless seal native to the northern Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Adult harp seals have pure black eyes and are covered in silver-gray fur with distinctive black harp or wishbone-shaped markings on their backs. They typically reach lengths of 1.7 to 2.0 meters (5 ft 7 in to 6 ft 7 in) and weigh between 115 to 140 kilograms (254 to 309 pounds).

At birth, harp seal pups have a yellow-white coat due to amniotic fluid staining, which turns white within one to three days and remains so for 2–3 weeks until their first molt. Adolescent harp seals sport a silver-gray coat dotted with black spots.

Harpy Eagle

The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja), also known as the American harpy eagle, is a prominent neotropical eagle species. Its upper side is covered with slate-black feathers, while the underside is predominantly white, with the feathered tarsi displaying black stripes. A broad black band across the upper breast distinguishes the gray head from the white belly. The head is pale gray and features a distinctive double crest. The tail’s upperside is black with three gray bands, while the underside has three white bands. The harpy eagle’s irises can be gray, brown, or red, and its cere and bill are black or blackish, with yellow tarsi and toes. Males and females have identical plumage, and the tarsus can measure up to 13 cm (5.1 in) in length.

Harrier

The Harrier, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a versatile and agile family of birds of prey belonging to the genus Circus. These medium-sized raptors are distinguished by their long wings, long tails, and characteristic facial disk, which aids in sound localization. One of the most well-known species is the Northern Harrier (Circus hudsonius), found across North America. Males are typically gray with white undersides, while females and juveniles are brown. Harriers have a wingspan ranging from 97 to 122 centimeters (38 to 48 inches) and weigh between 300 to 750 grams (0.66 to 1.65 pounds). They are ground-nesters, often building their nests in marshes or grasslands.

Harris’s Hawk

Harris’s hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), previously known as the bay-winged hawk, dusky hawk, and occasionally wolf hawk, is a medium-large raptor that breeds from the southwestern United States to Chile, central Argentina, and Brazil. These hawks measure between 46 to 59 cm (18 to 23 in) in length and have a wingspan ranging from approximately 103 to 120 cm (41 to 47 in). Their plumage is predominantly brown, with reddish shoulders and tail feathers that feature a white base and tip.

Hartebeest

The Hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus), a large African antelope, is recognized for its distinctive elongated head, steeply sloping back, and uniquely shaped horns that curve outward then inward. Adults typically weigh between 100 to 200 kilograms (220 to 440 pounds) and stand about 1.1 to 1.5 meters (3.6 to 4.9 feet) at the shoulder. There are several subspecies of Hartebeest, with the Red Hartebeest (A. b. caama) and the Lelwel Hartebeest (A. b. lelwel) being among the most prominent. These antelopes are well-adapted to various habitats, including savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands, and they are particularly resilient to arid conditions.

Hatzegopteryx

Hatzegopteryx, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a genus of azhdarchid pterosaurs from the Late Cretaceous period, approximately 66 to 70 million years ago, and is notable for its immense size and robust build. Discovered in the Hațeg Basin of Romania, this pterosaur is named after the region, which was an island during the Cretaceous period. Hatzegopteryx had a wingspan estimated to be between 10 to 12 meters (33 to 39 feet), making it one of the largest flying animals ever known.

Unlike other pterosaurs, it possessed an unusually thick and strong neck, supported by substantial vertebrae, which suggests it could have hunted larger prey than its relatives. The skull of Hatzegopteryx is also robust, with large jaw muscles that could deliver powerful bites, further indicating its capability to tackle sizeable animals.

Havamalt

The Havamalt is a small hybrid dog breed resulting from the crossbreeding of the Havanese and the Maltese. These dogs typically weigh between 7 to 13 pounds (3 to 6 kilograms) and stand about 8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They inherit a combination of physical traits from both parent breeds, often featuring a soft, silky coat that can be either straight or slightly wavy and comes in various colors, including white, cream, and black.

Havamalts are known for their friendly and affectionate nature, making them excellent companion animals. They tend to be sociable, enjoying the company of people and other pets, and are known for their playful and energetic demeanor. These dogs are intelligent and trainable, although they can sometimes display a stubborn streak, requiring consistent and positive reinforcement-based training methods.

Havanese

The Havanese, a bichon-type dog, is the national dog of Cuba. This toy breed is characterized by its silky coat. The Havanese typically stands between 8.5 to 11.5 inches (22 to 29 cm) at the withers, with the ideal height being 9 to 10.5 inches (23 to 27 cm). Its body length, measured from the point of shoulder to the point of buttocks, is slightly longer than its height at the withers, giving it a proportionately longer appearance. A distinctive feature of the Havanese is its topline, which rises gently from the withers to the croup, resulting in a topline that is straight but not level.

Havapoo

The Havapoo, also known as the Havadoodle or Poovanese, is a crossbreed resulting from the hybridization of the Havanese and the Poodle. These small to medium-sized dogs typically weigh between 7 to 20 pounds (3 to 9 kilograms) and stand around 9 to 15 inches (23 to 38 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They inherit a combination of physical traits from both parent breeds, often sporting a dense, curly coat that can come in various colors such as white, cream, brown, and black. The Havapoo, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is known for its friendly and affectionate temperament, making it a popular choice as a companion dog.

Havashu

The Havashu is a designer dog breed resulting from the crossbreeding of the Havanese and the Shih Tzu. These small-sized dogs typically weigh between 7 to 13 pounds (3 to 6 kilograms) and stand around 8 to 11 inches (20 to 28 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They inherit a combination of physical traits from both parent breeds, often featuring a silky, double coat that can come in various colors such as white, black, brown, or a combination thereof.

Havashus are known for their friendly, affectionate, and outgoing personalities, making them excellent companion pets. They are typically good with children and other pets, enjoying social interactions and affection from their human families.

Hawaiian Crow

The Hawaiian crow, known as ʻalalā (Corvus hawaiiensis), belongs to the crow family, Corvidae, and is presently extinct in the wild. However, efforts for reintroduction are ongoing. This bird measures about 48–50 cm (19–20 in) in length, similar to the carrion crow, but features more rounded wings and a significantly thicker bill. Its plumage is soft and brownish-black, complemented by long, bristly feathers on the throat, while its feet, legs, and bill are black. Currently, the Hawaiian crow, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is regarded as the most endangered species within the Corvidae family. These birds have been known to live up to 18 years in the wild and up to 28 years in captivity.

Hawaiian Goose

The nene (Branta sandvicensis), also referred to as the nēnē or Hawaiian goose, is a bird species native to the Hawaiian Islands. Standing at 41 cm (16 in) tall, the nene is a relatively large goose. While they predominantly remain on the ground, they possess the ability to fly, with some individuals making daily flights between nesting and feeding locations.

Females weigh between 1.525–2.56 kg (3.36–5.64 lb), and males, who are about 11% larger, typically weigh between 1.695–3.05 kg (3.74–6.72 lb). Adult males feature a black head and hindneck, buff-colored cheeks, and a heavily furrowed neck. Additionally, their necks exhibit distinctive black and white diagonal stripes.

Hawaiian Monk Seal

The Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) is an endangered species of earless seal. Its gray coat, white belly, and slender build set it apart from the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). This physique is perfectly suited for hunting its prey, which includes fish, lobster, octopus, and squid, typically found in deep water coral beds. When not engaged in hunting and feeding, the monk seal is often found basking on the sandy beaches and volcanic rocks of the Northwest Hawaiian Islands.

Hawk

Hawks, belonging to the family Accipitridae, are birds of prey that are widely distributed, inhabiting all continents except Antarctica. They possess high visual acuity, with the red-tailed hawk capable of resolving images at 16.8 cycles per degree. This exceptional vision is attributed to the dense concentration of photoreceptors in their retinas, reaching up to 1,000,000 per square millimeter in Buteo species, compared to 200,000 in humans.

Like most avian species, hawks migrate during the autumn and spring. Different hawk species choose varying times within each season to migrate. The autumn migration season starts in August and concludes in mid-December, with some hawks covering longer distances than others during this period.

Hawk Moth Caterpillar

The Hawk Moth caterpillar, also known as the hornworm, encompasses several species within the Sphingidae family, known for their robust bodies and distinctive horn-like protrusions. These caterpillars can vary widely in appearance depending on the species, but they generally exhibit a cylindrical body with a smooth texture and often sport vibrant colors or intricate patterns that aid in camouflage.

Hawk Moth caterpillars, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are voracious feeders, consuming large amounts of foliage from a variety of host plants including tomatoes, tobacco, and other solanaceous plants. Hawk Moth caterpillars undergo several molts as they grow, with each instar revealing new coloration and markings.

Hedgehog

A hedgehog is a small mammal known for its distinctive spines. These spines are essentially hollow hairs that have been stiffened with keratin. Unlike the quills of a porcupine, hedgehog spines are neither poisonous nor barbed and do not detach easily from their bodies. However, young hedgehogs do undergo a process known as “quilling,” where their initial spines fall out and are replaced by adult spines. Spines can also be shed when the hedgehog is diseased or experiencing extreme stress. Typically, hedgehogs are brown with pale tips on their spines, although blonde hedgehogs can be found on the Channel Island of Alderney.

Helicoprion

Helicoprion is an extinct genus of shark-like fish that lived approximately 290 to 250 million years ago during the Late Carboniferous to Early Triassic periods. It is most famous for its unique and bizarre tooth whorl, a spiral arrangement of teeth that resembles a circular saw. The largest species, Helicoprion bessonowi, had a whorl that could reach up to 50 centimeters (20 inches) in diameter.

Fossils of Helicoprion have been discovered in North America, Eastern Europe, Asia, and Australia, indicating a wide geographic distribution. This prehistoric predator likely grew up to 4 meters (13 feet) in length, making it one of the larger marine predators of its time. The tooth whorl was originally a subject of much speculation, with early interpretations placing it in various parts of the body, but it is now understood to have been located in the lower jaw.

Hellbender

The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis), also referred to as the hellbender salamander, is a species of aquatic giant salamander native to the eastern and central regions of the United States. It holds the distinction of being the largest salamander in North America. This species is characterized by its flat body and head, beady dorsal eyes, and slimy skin. Similar to other salamanders, the hellbender has short legs, with four toes on the front legs and five on the back. Its tail is keeled, aiding in propulsion, and is rudder-shaped, though it is infrequently used for swimming. Instead, these salamanders use the pads on their toes to grip rocks and navigate streams by walking rather than swimming.

Hepatic Tanager

The hepatic tanager (Piranga hepatica) is a medium-sized songbird native to the Americas. This robust bird can grow up to 20 cm in length and features a short, thick beak along with long wings and tail. The male displays a greyish brick-red color on the upper body and a reddish hue on the underside, with greyish ear-coverts. The female, in contrast, is olive-yellow on top and yellowish below, with dark ear-coverts. Both genders have dark beaks and legs. Their song is a three to four-second-long, melodious series that is both beautiful and reminiscent of a black-capped cardinal’s song. The most frequent call is described in English literature as a clipped “tchup,” and in flight, they sometimes produce a soft, scream-like “wenk.”

Hercules Beetle

The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules) is a species of rhinoceros beetle indigenous to the rainforests of southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Lesser Antilles. It holds the title of the longest living beetle species globally and is among the largest flying insects. Adult Hercules beetles range in body length (excluding the thoracic horn) from 50 to 85 mm (2.0 to 3.3 in) and in width from 29 to 42 mm (1.1 to 1.7 in). Male Hercules beetles can grow up to 173 mm (7 in) in length when including the horn, making them the longest beetle species in the world when jaws and/or horns are considered in the measurement.

Hercules Moth

The Hercules Moth (Coscinocera hercules) is one of the largest and most impressive moths in the world, native to New Guinea and northern Australia. With a wingspan reaching up to 27 centimeters (10.6 inches) and a wing surface area of around 300 square centimeters (46.5 square inches), it is the largest moth in Australia and one of the largest globally.

The adult Hercules moths are characterized by their striking wing patterns, which feature transparent eyespots and a mix of browns, creams, and oranges, providing camouflage against predators. The females are significantly larger than the males and have broader wings. In contrast, males have longer tails on their hindwings, which are thought to aid in mate location by enhancing pheromone dispersal. The larvae of the Hercules Moth are also impressive, growing up to 12 centimeters (4.7 inches) long and featuring bright green bodies with blue and white markings.

Hermit Crab

Hermit crabs are anomuran decapod crustaceans characterized by their long, spirally curved abdomens, which are soft and lack the hard, calcified nature seen in other related crustaceans. To protect their vulnerable abdomens from predators, hermit crabs utilize empty seashells they find, retracting their entire body into these salvaged shells for safety. Hermit crab species exhibit a wide range in size and shape, from those with carapaces only a few millimeters long to the Coenobita brevimanus, which can live between 12 and 70 years and grow to the size of a coconut. The shell-less hermit crab, Birgus latro, also known as the coconut crab, is the largest terrestrial invertebrate in the world.

Heron

Herons are long-legged, long-necked birds found in freshwater and coastal environments, with 72 recognized species. Some of these species are commonly known as egrets or bitterns. Herons are medium to large in size, characterized by their long legs and necks, and exhibit minimal sexual dimorphism in size. The smallest species is generally considered the dwarf bittern, measuring 25–30 cm (10–12 in) in length, though other species within the genus Ixobrychus are similarly small and often overlap in size. The largest heron species is the goliath heron, which can reach a height of up to 152 cm (60 in).

Herrerasaurus

Herrerasaurus is likely a genus of saurischian dinosaur from the Late Triassic period and one of the earliest known dinosaurs from the fossil record. This genus was a lightly built, bipedal carnivore characterized by a long tail and a relatively small head. Adult Herrerasaurus had skulls measuring up to 56 cm (22 in) in length, and they could grow up to 6 meters (20 feet) long, weighing around 350 kg (770 lbs). Smaller specimens were approximately 4.5 meters (15 feet) in length and weighed about 200 kg (440 lbs).

Herring

Herring, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are forage fish characterized by their silvery color and a single, soft dorsal fin without spines. These fish lack a lateral line and feature a protruding lower jaw. Their size varies across subspecies: the Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) is relatively small, measuring 14 to 18 cm (approximately 5.5 to 7 inches) in length. In contrast, the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) can reach up to about 46 cm (18 inches) and weigh as much as 700 g (1.5 lbs).

Herring Gull

The Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) is a large gull species commonly found across the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in coastal regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. Adult Herring Gulls typically measure between 55 to 66 centimeters (22 to 26 inches) in length with a wingspan ranging from 125 to 155 centimeters (49 to 61 inches). They are easily recognizable by their white plumage, light gray back, black wingtips with white spots, and yellow bill with a red spot on the lower mandible.

Herring Gulls are also known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities, often seen opening shellfish by dropping them onto hard surfaces. They breed in large colonies, typically on cliffs, islands, and rooftops, with both parents sharing the responsibilities of incubating eggs and feeding chicks. The population of Herring Gulls has fluctuated significantly due to factors such as food availability, pollution, and changes in waste management practices. Despite these fluctuations, they are currently listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Highland Cattle

The Highland, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a rustic cattle breed from Scotland, specifically the Scottish Highlands and the Western Islands. This breed is known for its long horns and shaggy coat. They possess long, wide horns and a long, wavy, woolly coat. The predominant coat color is reddish brown, found in about 60% of the population, with approximately 22% being yellow, and the rest appearing in pale silver, black, or brindle.

Himalayan

The Himalayan, also known as the Himalayan Persian, is a breed of domestic cat that combines the physical characteristics of the Persian cat with the colorpoint pattern of the Siamese. These medium to large-sized cats typically weigh between 7 to 12 pounds (3 to 5.5 kilograms) and feature a sturdy, cobby body with a broad chest, short legs, and a short, bushy tail. They are most distinguished by their luxurious, long, and dense coat, which requires regular grooming to prevent matting and tangling. The Himalayan’s coat colors range from cream or white with darker points on the ears, face, paws, and tail in shades of chocolate, blue, lilac, and seal. Their striking blue eyes are another signature feature, inherited from the Siamese lineage.

Hippopotamus

The hippopotamus, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a large, semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa. As a megaherbivore, it is surpassed in size among land animals only by elephants and certain rhinoceros species. The average adult weight is approximately 1,480 kg (3,260 lb) for males (bulls) and 1,365 kg (3,009 lb) for females (cows). Exceptionally large males have been documented reaching up to 2,660 kg (5,860 lb). Male hippos tend to grow continuously throughout their lives, while females typically reach their maximum weight around age 25.

Hippos range in length from 2.90 to 5.05 meters (9.5 to 16.6 feet), including a tail that measures about 35 to 56 cm (1.15 to 1.84 feet). They stand 1.30 to 1.65 meters (4.3 to 5.4 feet) tall at the shoulder, with males and females measuring between 1.40 to 1.65 meters (4.6 to 5.4 feet) and 1.30 to 1.45 meters (4.3 to 4.8 feet) tall at the shoulder, respectively.

Hippopotamus gorgops

Hippopotamus gorgops is an extinct species of hippopotamus known from fossils discovered in Northern and Eastern Africa as well as the Levant. This species had an estimated body mass exceeding 4,000 kilograms (8,800 lb). Compared to Hippopotamus amphibius, H. gorgops had orbits and nasal openings positioned higher above the rest of the skull. The temporal fossa was shorter, resulting in a reduced distance between the orbits and the occiput, which likely indicated a more forward attachment of the temporal muscles. Additionally, the nuchal and sagittal crests were proportionally taller, and the palate was elongated.

Hoary Bat

The hoary bat typically measures between 13 to 14.5 cm (5.1 to 5.7 in) in length, has a wingspan of 40 cm (15.5 in), and weighs around 26 g (0.92 oz). It holds the distinction of being the largest bat commonly found in Canada. Its dense, dark brown coat, with white-tipped hairs, gives it a ‘hoary’ appearance, which is the origin of its name. Except for the undersides of its wings, the bat’s body is entirely covered in fur. There is sexual dimorphism in body mass, with females being 40% heavier than males. Typically, the hoary bat roosts alone in trees, concealed by foliage, though it is occasionally observed in caves with other bats. It favors woodland habitats, primarily coniferous forests, but hunts over open areas or lakes.

Hobo Spider

The Hobo Spider (Eratigena agrestis) is a medium-sized arachnid native to Europe but introduced to the United States, particularly the Pacific Northwest. Adult Hobo Spiders typically measure 7 to 14 millimeters (0.28 to 0.55 inches) in body length, with a leg span reaching up to 50 millimeters (2 inches).

Hobo spiders are brown with a distinct herringbone pattern on their abdomen and are known for their funnel-shaped webs, which they construct in cracks, crevices, and other sheltered locations. The Hobo Spider was historically believed to have a venomous bite capable of causing necrotic skin lesions, but recent studies have debunked this myth, showing that their venom is not particularly harmful to humans.

Hogfish

The hogfish (Lachnolaimus maximus), also referred to as boquinete, is distinguished by its notably elongated snout, which it uses to forage for crustaceans hidden in the sediment. This “pig-like” snout and its rooting behavior are the origins of its name. A distinctive black spot located behind the pectoral fins differentiates males from females. The dorsal fin of the hogfish typically consists of three or four long spines, followed by a series of shorter ones. Hogfish can grow up to 91 cm (36 in) in length and weigh approximately 11 kg (24 lb).

Hognose Snake

The Hognose snake, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, refers to several species within the genera Heterodon, Leioheterodon, and Lystrophis, known for their distinctive upturned snouts. Native to North America, the Eastern Hognose Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) is particularly well-known. These snakes typically measure between 20 to 35 inches (50 to 90 centimeters) in length, with females generally larger than males.

The Hognose snake’s coloration varies widely, ranging from shades of brown, green, and gray to vibrant patterns of blotches and spots. Hognose Snakes are famous for their unique defensive behaviors: when threatened, they flatten their necks and bodies, hiss loudly, and may feign strikes without actually biting. If this display fails to deter a predator, they often play dead by rolling onto their backs, opening their mouths, and releasing a foul-smelling musk.

Hokkaido

The Hokkaido, also known as the Hokkaido Inu or Ainu Dog, is a Japanese breed of dog originating from the Hokkaido island. It is a medium-sized breed, typically weighing between 44 to 66 pounds (20 to 30 kilograms) and standing 18 to 22 inches (46 to 56 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. The Hokkaido is known for its robust and muscular build, well-suited to the harsh climate of northern Japan. It has a dense double coat that can come in various colors, including red, black, white, brindle, sesame, and wolf-gray. This breed is highly valued for its loyalty, intelligence, and bravery, qualities that made it historically significant as a hunting dog, particularly for hunting large game such as bears.

Holy Cross Frog

The crucifix toad (Notaden bennettii), also known as the holy cross frog or Catholic frog, is a unique species within the genus Notaden. Unlike other Notaden frogs, which are typically dark brown, the crucifix toad displays a vibrant array of colors. Its dorsal surface is bright yellow, featuring a multicolored cross centered on its back. This cross is outlined with large black dots and filled with smaller white, black, and red dots. The toad’s ventral surface is white, while its flanks are blue.

Honduran White Bat

The Honduran white bat (Ectophylla alba), also known as the Caribbean white tent-making bat, is a species of bat found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and western Panama, at elevations ranging from sea level to 700 meters (2,300 feet). The IUCN classifies it as near-threatened due to habitat loss. True to its common name and specific epithet, this bat has bright white fur. The tips of its individual hairs are gray, with this grayish hue becoming more pronounced towards the bat’s posterior.

Honey Badger

The honey badger (Mellivora capensis), also known as the ratel, is a mammal found across Africa, Southwest Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Due to its extensive range and adaptability to various habitats, it is classified as “Least Concern” on the IUCN Red List. The honey badger has a relatively long body that is thick-set and broad across the back. Its skin is notably loose, allowing it to twist and turn within it easily. The skin around its neck is 6 mm (0.24 in) thick, which helps in combat with others of its species. The honey badger has a small, flat head with a short muzzle. Its eyes are small, and its ears are reduced to ridges on the skin, possibly as an adaptation to avoid injury during fights.

Honey Bee

A honey bee (also spelled honeybee) is a eusocial flying insect recognized for its ability to build long-lasting, wax-based colonial nests. These bees are also known for the significant size of their colonies and their production and storage of excess honey. This makes their hives valuable for many predators, including honey badgers, bears, and human hunter-gatherers. Currently, there are 8 recognized species of honey bee, with 43 subspecies, although historically, between 7 and 11 species have been identified. Honey bees represent only a tiny fraction of the roughly 20,000 known bee species.

Honey bees, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, derive their nutritional needs from a combination of pollen and nectar, with pollen being their only natural protein source. Adult worker bees consume between 3.4 and 4.3 mg of pollen daily to meet their protein requirements, which constitute 66 to 74% of their dry matter intake. Proper development of a single larva requires 125 to 187.5 mg of pollen or 25 to 37.5 mg of protein.Honey Buzzard

Hooded Oriole

The hooded oriole (Icterus cucullatus) is a medium-sized oriole native to the New World. The male hooded oriole exhibits a range of colors from bright orange to pale yellow, complemented by a black back, face, tail, and bib. Its wings feature two white bars.

In contrast, the female displays an olive hue with yellow accents. Both adults possess a completely black, curved bill and white wing bars. The adult male has a deep yellowish-orange head, black markings on the face and throat, black wings and tail, and orange underparts. The adult female is olive-green on the upper parts with a yellowish breast and belly. Their vocalizations include whistling and wheets, and their song is a combination of these sounds.

Hooded Seal

The hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) is a large phocid species native to the central and western North Atlantic, with a range extending from Svalbard in the east to the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the west. These seals typically exhibit a silver-grey or white coloration, adorned with black spots of varying sizes across most of their bodies. Hooded seal pups, called “blue-backs,” have blue-grey coats on their backs and whitish bellies, which they shed after 14 months when they molt.

Adult males average 2.6 meters (8 ft 6 in) in length but can grow up to 3.5 meters, and they weigh between 300 and 410 kg (660–900 lb). Females are significantly smaller, displaying marked sexual dimorphism from birth, with an average length of 2.03 meters (6 ft 8 in) and a weight range of 145 to 300 kg (320–661 lb). The seals’ bodies are primarily silvery with scattered dark, irregular spots, while their heads are darker and free of marks.

Hook-Nosed Sea Snake

Hydrophis schistosus, commonly referred to as the beaked sea snake, hook-nosed sea snake, common sea snake, or Valakadeyan sea snake, is a highly venomous species prevalent throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific region. This species features a rostral scale that is longer than it is broad and comes into contact with four shields. The frontal scale is longer than broad but shorter than the parietals, while the nasals contact the two anterior labials and are sometimes partially divided.

The hook-nosed sea snake has one pre-ocular and one or two postocular scales, temporals in a 1–3 arrangement, and seven or eight upper labials, with the third and fourth or just the fourth entering the eye. The last labial may be divided. The anterior chin-shields are rather indistinct and separated. Its scales have a tubercle or keel, arranged in 50–70 rows; ventrals number between 230 and 314 and are slightly enlarged. Typically, the snake exhibits a uniform dark grey coloration on the dorsal side, with whitish sides and underparts. Young snakes are olive or grey with black transverse bands that are broadest in the middle. The length of the head and body measures 1110 mm, with the tail adding an additional 190 mm.

Hoopoe

Hoopoes are vibrant birds found throughout Africa, Asia, and Europe, distinguished by their unique “crown” of feathers, which they can raise or lower at will. The Eurasian hoopoe, common within its range, boasts a large population and is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Hoopoes, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, engage in a behavior once believed to be a defensive posture: they sunbathe by spreading their wings and tail flat against the ground while tilting their heads upward. During this process, they often fold their wings and engage in preening halfway through. Additionally, they are known to take dust and sand baths. Adult hoopoes may start their molt after the breeding season and continue the process after migrating for the winter.

Horgi

The Horgi, a hybrid dog breed, results from the crossbreeding of a Pembroke Welsh Corgi and a Siberian Husky. This mix combines the distinctive traits of both parent breeds, creating a unique and versatile companion. Typically, Horgis weigh between 20 to 50 pounds (9 to 23 kilograms) and stand about 12 to 15 inches (30 to 38 centimeters) tall. They often inherit the Corgi’s short legs and long body, paired with the Husky’s striking blue or heterochromatic eyes and dense double coat, which can come in various colors including black, white, red, and gray.

Horgis are known for their friendly, outgoing, and energetic personalities, making them excellent family pets. They are intelligent and trainable, though they may exhibit a stubborn streak, particularly when influenced by the independent nature of the Husky.

Horn Shark

The horn shark (Heterodontus francisci) is a species of bullhead shark found exclusively in the coastal waters off the western coast of North America, ranging from California to the Gulf of California. Characteristic of bullhead sharks, the horn shark features a short, broad head with a blunt snout and distinct supraorbital ridges above the eyes. These ridges are low and terminate abruptly, with a deeply concave space between them on the top of the head.

Throughout most of the year, horn sharks are commonly found at depths of 2–11 meters (6.6–36.1 feet). However, as winter approaches, they migrate to waters deeper than 30 meters (98 feet). This species has been discovered in caves at depths reaching 200 meters (660 feet).

Hornbill

Hornbills, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are birds native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Melanesia, exhibiting significant variation in size and coloration. The smallest species, the black dwarf hornbill (Tockus hartlaubi), weighs approximately 99.1 grams (3.50 oz) and measures 32 cm (1 ft 1 in) in length. On the other end of the spectrum, the southern ground hornbill is the largest and most massive species, with an average weight of 3.77 kg (8.3 lb), capable of reaching up to 6.3 kg (14 lb) and spanning around 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) across the wings. Other species can rival the southern ground hornbill in length, growing up to about 130 cm (4 ft 3 in).

Horned Adder

The horned adder (Bitis caudalis) is a viper species found in the arid regions of southwest Africa, including Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. It is also known as the horned puff adder or horned viper. This viper is typically short and stout, averaging 30–40 cm (12–15.5 in) in total length, including the body and tail.

The largest recorded specimen is a female from southern Botswana, measuring 51.5 cm (20.3 in) in total length. Bites from the horned adder are believed to be rare, and there is no available epidemiological data on its bites. Additionally, little is known about the toxicity and quantity of venom produced by this species.

Horned Beetle

The term “Horned Beetle” commonly refers to beetles in the family Scarabaeidae, specifically the subfamily Dynastinae, which includes the well-known Rhinoceros Beetles and Hercules Beetles. These beetles are characterized by their impressive horns, which are more prominent in males and used for combat during mating competitions. One of the largest and most famous species, the Hercules Beetle (Dynastes hercules), can reach lengths of up to 7 inches (17.5 centimeters) including the horn. Horned Beetles are primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions, with notable populations in Central and South America, Asia, and Africa.

Horned Grebe

The horned grebe, also known as the Slavonian grebe (Podiceps auritus), is a relatively small and threatened bird species. It is easily identifiable by its distinct red-and-black breeding plumage, black-and-white non-breeding plumage, and characteristic “horns.” The horned grebe measures 31–38 cm (12–15 in) in length, has a wingspan of 55–74 cm (22–29 in), and weighs between 300 and 570 g (11–20 oz). This bird features a moderately long neck, a flat forehead, and a rear crown of black feathers. Its beak is straight and pointed, with a white tip.

Horned Lizard

Horned Lizards, commonly referred to as “horny toads,” belong to the genus Phrynosoma and are notable for their distinct appearance characterized by a flattened, rounded body and crown of horns on their head. These lizards are native to North and Central America, with a range extending from the southwestern United States to Guatemala. The Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum), one of the most well-known species, typically measures 3 to 5 inches (7.5 to 12.5 centimeters) in length.

Horned Lizards, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are well-adapted to arid environments and are often found in deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. Their coloration, which ranges from brown to gray, provides excellent camouflage against predators.

Horned Viper

The Horned Viper, scientifically known as Vipera latastei, is a venomous snake species found predominantly in Southern Europe and parts of North Africa. Known for its distinctive triangular head adorned with small horns or scales above each eye, this viper typically reaches lengths of 50 to 70 centimeters (20 to 28 inches). Its coloration varies, blending in with its rocky habitat, ranging from grayish to brownish with darker zigzag patterns along its back. The Horned Viper is primarily terrestrial and nocturnal, preferring dry and rocky environments such as scrublands, grasslands, and rocky hillsides.

Hornet

Hornets, belonging to the genus Vespa, are the largest eusocial wasps and closely resemble their relatives, the yellowjackets. Some hornet species can grow up to 5.5 cm (2.2 in) in length. They are equipped with stingers that they use to kill prey and defend their nests. Hornet stings are notably more painful to humans than typical wasp stings due to the high concentration (5%) of acetylcholine in their venom. Each hornet can sting multiple times. These insects are distinguished from other vespine wasps by the relatively large top margin of their heads. Globally, there are 22 recognized species of Vespa.

Horse

The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is a domesticated mammal with a single toe on each hoof. Adapted for running, horses can swiftly evade predators and exhibit a strong sense of balance and a pronounced fight-or-flight response.

In English-speaking regions, horse height is commonly measured in hands and inches, where one hand equals 4 inches (101.6 mm). Height is denoted by the number of full hands, followed by a decimal point, the number of additional inches, and the abbreviation “h” or “hh” (for “hands high”). For example, a horse described as “15.2 h” stands 15 hands plus 2 inches tall, totaling 62 inches (157.5 cm) in height.

Horse Mackerel

Horse Mackerel, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, refers to several species of fast-swimming, predatory fish belonging to the family Carangidae, known for their streamlined bodies and forked tails, enabling swift movement through the water. Commonly found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide, these fish play a crucial ecological role as both prey and predator in marine ecosystems. The Atlantic Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) is one of the most commercially important species, reaching lengths of up to 50 centimeters (20 inches). They typically have silver-colored bodies with dark blue-green backs and shimmering sides.

Horsefly

Horseflies, members of the family Tabanidae, are robust flies known for their large size, ranging from 5 to 25 millimeters in length. They are distributed worldwide, with over 4,500 species identified, inhabiting various habitats from forests to grasslands. Horseflies are significant pests to humans and animals alike due to their painful bites, which are inflicted by the females seeking blood meals for egg production. These bites can be particularly distressing as horseflies possess mandibles that tear the skin rather than piercing it, causing bleeding and potential allergic reactions in some individuals.

Horseshoe Crab

Horseshoe crabs are marine and brackish water arthropods, primarily inhabiting shallow coastal waters with soft, sandy, or muddy bottoms. They are typically found in the intertidal zone during spring high tides.

These arthropods often reside on the ocean floor, where they search for worms and mollusks, their primary food sources. They may also consume crustaceans and small fish. Foraging usually occurs at night. Horseshoe crabs ingest gravel and sand particles, which help grind up their food in a gizzard before it passes into the stomach.

Houdan Chicken

The Houdan, also known as Poule de Houdan, is an ancient French breed of domestic chicken. It derives its name from its place of origin, the commune of Houdan, located in the Yvelines département, west of Paris. This breed is notable for its crest, muffs, and beard, as well as its unique leaf-shaped comb. Unlike most chickens, which have four toes on each foot, the Houdan has five. The earlobes and wattles are small and often obscured by the bird’s feathering. In European and Australian standards, the comb is leaf- or butterfly-shaped, while in the United States, it is v-shaped.

House Finch

The House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus) is a bird native to North America. This moderate-sized finch measures between 12.5 to 15 cm (5 to 6 in) in length and has a wingspan ranging from 20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 in). Its body mass varies from 16 to 27 g (9/16 to 15/16 oz), with an average weight of about 21 g (3/4 oz).

Adult House Finches feature a long, square-tipped brown tail and a brown or dull-brown back with some shading into deep gray on the wing feathers. Their breast and belly feathers can be streaked, and the flanks are typically streaked as well. Most adult males have reddish coloring on their heads, necks, and shoulders.

House Sparrow

The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is a bird found in most regions of the world. This small bird typically measures 16 cm (6.3 in) in length and weighs between 24 to 39.5 g (0.85 to 1.39 oz). Females and young house sparrows exhibit pale brown and grey coloring, while males feature more vibrant black, white, and brown markings. As one of about 25 species in the genus Passer, the house sparrow, one of the fascinating animals starting with H, is native to most of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, and a significant portion of Asia. Due to intentional or accidental introductions, it has become the most widely distributed wild bird, now present in parts of Australasia, Africa, and the Americas.

House Wren

The house wren (Troglodytes aedon) is a very small bird. Adult house wrens measure approximately 11 to 13 cm (4.3 to 5.1 in) in length, have a wingspan of about 15 cm (5.9 in), and weigh between 10 to 12 g (0.35 to 0.42 oz). In North America, they are believed to reach their highest population density in floodplain forests of the western Great Plains, where they often nest in woodpecker holes.

Although the introduction of the house sparrow has displaced the house wren in some northern parts of its range, the species remains common and widespread throughout most of the Americas. The IUCN does not consider the house wren to be threatened, although this assessment may differ for certain island populations if they are confirmed to be distinct species.

Housefly

The housefly, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is the most common fly species found in households. Adults are gray to black with four dark, longitudinal lines on the thorax, slightly hairy bodies, and a single pair of membranous wings. They possess red eyes, which are set farther apart in females, who are slightly larger. Female houseflies typically mate only once, storing sperm for future use, and lay batches of around 100 eggs on decaying organic matter, such as food waste, carrion, or feces.

Adult houseflies usually measure 6 to 7 mm (1/4 to 9/32 in) in length with a wingspan of 13 to 15 mm (1/2 to 19/32 in). Females tend to have larger wings, while males have relatively longer legs.

Hovasaurus

Hovasaurus is an extinct genus of reptile that lived during the Permian period, approximately 260 million years ago. It belonged to a group called the “mesosaurs,” which were adapted to aquatic lifestyles, likely inhabiting coastal marine environments. The genus is represented by two species, Hovasaurus boulei and Hovasaurus leonardii, both discovered in Madagascar.

Hovasaurus had a streamlined body, reaching lengths of about 40 to 70 centimeters (16 to 28 inches), with elongated limbs and a long, flattened tail suited for swimming. Its adaptations suggest it was well-adapted to a semi-aquatic lifestyle, likely hunting fish and other small aquatic prey. The discovery of Hovasaurus fossils has contributed significantly to our understanding of early reptilian evolution and the transition of vertebrates from terrestrial to aquatic habitats during the Permian period.

Hovawart

The Hovawart, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, is a medium to large German dog breed known for its muscular build and long-haired coat. This working breed has a slightly elongated body, with its length being 110-115% of its height at the withers. The coat is long and lies close to the body, with a slight undercoat, and is longer on the chest, belly, and rear of the legs. Hovawarts come in three colors: black, black and gold, and blonde. Males typically stand 63–70 cm (25–28 in) at the withers, while females are slightly smaller, measuring 58–65 cm (23–26 in) at the withers.

Howler Monkey

Howler monkeys, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are the most widespread primates in the Americas. They are renowned for their loud howls, which can be heard up to three miles away through dense rainforests. There are fifteen recognized species of howler monkeys.

Typically, howler monkeys live in groups of six to 15 individuals, consisting of one to three adult males and multiple females. However, mantled howler monkeys often form larger groups of 15 to 20 members, with more than three adult males. The number of males in a group is inversely correlated with the size of their hyoids and positively correlated with the size of their testes.

Human

Humans, scientifically known as Homo sapiens, are the only surviving species of the genus Homo, believed to have originated around 200,000 years ago. They are omnivorous mammals with a highly developed cognitive function, capable of complex language and cultural practices. The human population has grown exponentially from 1 billion in 1800 to over 8 billion today. Humans are highly adaptable, inhabiting diverse environments across all continents. Their lifespan averages 60-80 years. Despite their intelligence, humans are considered the most destructive species due to their significant environmental impact.

Humboldt Penguin

The Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) is a medium-sized penguin native to the Pacific coast of Peru and Chile in South America. These penguins nest on islands and rocky shores, often burrowing holes in guano and sometimes utilizing scrapes or caves for their nests.

Humboldt penguins, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, typically measure between 56 and 70 cm (22 to 28 in) in length and weigh between 2.9 and 6 kg (6.4 to 13.2 lb). They are monomorphic, meaning males and females do not differ in plumage. However, males are generally heavier and larger than females. Sex can be determined by the width of the head and the length of the bill, with males having longer bills than females.

Humboldt Squid

The Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas), also known as the jumbo squid or jumbo flying squid, is a large, predatory species found in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It is the largest of the Ommastrephid squids, with some individuals reaching a mantle length of 1.5 meters (5 feet) and weighing up to 50 kilograms (110 pounds). These squids exhibit sexual dimorphism, with females maturing at larger sizes than males on average. Humboldt squids are carnivorous marine invertebrates that travel in shoals of up to 1,200 individuals. They are capable of swimming at speeds up to 24 km/h (15 mph; 13 knots).

Hummingbird

Hummingbirds, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are native to the Americas and possess specialized characteristics that facilitate their rapid, agile flight. These adaptations include exceptional metabolic capacity, the ability to thrive at high altitudes, keen visual and communication abilities, and, in some species, the capability for long-distance migration. Male hummingbirds exhibit the greatest diversity in plumage color among all birds, especially in shades of blue, green, and purple. Hummingbirds are the smallest mature birds, typically measuring between 7.5 and 13 cm (3 to 5 in) in length.

Hummingbird Hawk-Moth

The hummingbird hawk-moth (Macroglossum stellatarum) is a species of hawk moth prevalent in temperate regions of Eurasia. This moth is found throughout the northern Old World, from Portugal to Japan, although it primarily breeds in warmer areas such as southern Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. Notable for its long proboscis, measuring 25–28 mm (1.0–1.1 in), the hummingbird hawk-moth exhibits hovering behavior and produces an audible humming noise, which gives it a striking resemblance to a hummingbird when feeding on flowers. Similar to hummingbirds, it feeds on flowers with tube-shaped corollae.

Humpback Whale

The humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a species of baleen whale. Adults typically measure between 14 to 17 meters (46 to 56 feet) in length and can weigh up to 40 metric tons (44 short tons). This whale is characterized by its distinctive body shape, featuring long pectoral fins and tubercles on its head. Known for breaching and other unique surface behaviors, the humpback whale is a favorite among whale watchers. Males are famous for their complex songs, which can last anywhere from 4 to 33 minutes.

Humpback whales, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, are found in oceans and seas worldwide, migrating up to 16,000 kilometers (9,900 miles) annually. They feed in polar waters and travel to tropical or subtropical waters for breeding and giving birth.

Huntaway

The Huntaway, also known as the New Zealand Huntaway, is a robust and large breed of dog originating from New Zealand, specifically bred for sheep-herding tasks. Known for their loud, deep bark used to drive sheep, Huntaways are deep-chested dogs typically weighing between 25 to 45 kilograms (55 to 99 pounds). Their coats can vary in color, often being black and tan with some white or brindle markings, and they can have different textures, such as smooth, rough, or grizzly. Generally, Huntaways have floppy ears and stand between 56 to 66 centimeters (22 to 26 inches) in height.

Huntsman Spider

Huntsman spiders, belonging to the family Sparassidae (formerly Heteropodidae), are named for their speed and hunting techniques. Many species can grow to significant sizes; for instance, male giant huntsman spiders (Heteropoda maxima) in Laos can reach a leg span of 25 to 30 centimeters (9.8 to 11.8 inches). People who are not familiar with spider taxonomy often mistake large huntsman spiders for tarantulas. However, huntsman spiders can typically be distinguished by their legs, which are twisted in a way that allows them to extend forward in a crab-like fashion, unlike the vertical jointing seen in other spiders.

Husky

The term “Husky” generally refers to a type of dog used in polar regions, primarily as sled dogs. These dogs are known for their cold-weather tolerance and overall hardiness. Modern racing huskies, often referred to as Alaskan huskies, retain the traits of Arctic breeds and are the result of ongoing crossbreeding to produce the fastest dogs.

Huskies, one of the fascinating animals that start with H, continue to play a significant role in sled-dog racing and are also utilized by expedition and trek-style tour businesses. In rural communities, they serve as essential means of transportation. Additionally, huskies are popular pets, and various organizations work to find homes for retired racing and adventure-trekking dogs.

Hyacinth Macaw

The hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus), also known as the hyacinthine macaw, is a parrot native to central and eastern South America. Measuring approximately one meter in length from the top of its head to the tip of its long, pointed tail, it is the longest species of parrot. The hyacinth macaw is the largest macaw and the largest flying parrot species, although it is surpassed in weight by the flightless kākāpō of New Zealand, which can weigh up to 3.5 kg.

Weighing between 1.2 and 1.7 kg (2 lb 10 oz to 3 lb 12 oz), the hyacinth macaw has a total length of 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) from head to tail. Its wings span 38.8 to 42.5 cm (15 1⁄4 to 16 3⁄4 in) each. The bird’s plumage is entirely blue, with a lighter shade on the upper side. The tail is notably long and pointed.

Hyaenodon

Hyaenodon (“hyena-tooth”) is an extinct genus of carnivorous placental mammals belonging to the extinct tribe Hyaenodontini. Characteristic of early carnivorous mammals, Hyaenodon species possessed a notably massive skull paired with a relatively small brain. The skull was elongated with a narrow snout, which was proportionally larger in relation to the skull’s length compared to modern canine carnivores. The neck was shorter than the skull, while the body was long and robust, ending in a lengthy tail.

Hyena

Hyenas are carnivorous mammals belonging to the family Hyaenidae, known for their robust build, powerful jaws, and distinctive vocalizations. There are four extant species of hyenas: the Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta), the Striped Hyena (Hyaena hyaena), the Brown Hyena (Parahyaena brunnea), and the Aardwolf (Proteles cristata). They inhabit various habitats across Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, displaying diverse behaviors and adaptations.

Spotted Hyenas are the largest and most social species, living in clans dominated by females and known for their complex social structure and vocal communication, including the famous “laughter” call. Striped Hyenas are solitary or live in small family groups, often scavenging or hunting small prey.

Brown Hyenas primarily scavenge and are known for their powerful jaws capable of crushing bones. Aardwolves, despite their hyena classification, feed predominantly on insects, specializing in termites. Hyenas play critical roles in their ecosystems as scavengers, helping to control populations of herbivores and contributing to nutrient recycling.

In a nutshell, the diverse list of animals that start with H showcases the richness of our natural world. From the majestic Hyena, known for its complex social structures and powerful adaptations, to the ancient reptilian Hovasaurus, emblematic of early aquatic lifestyles, each species brings unique characteristics and ecological roles.