Animals That Start with S: Ultimate Guide to Stunning Creatures

The letter S offers a wide variety of creatures across the animal kingdom. This list will explore animals that start with S, encompassing everything from the well-known Sloth and Shark to the more obscure Saiga Antelope and Starfish. We’ll delve into the diverse habitats these animals call home and discover their unique adaptations and behaviors.

Saanen Goat

The Saanen goat originates from Switzerland and is named after the Saanental region in the Bernese Oberland, located in the southern part of the Canton of Bern in western Switzerland. Known for its exceptional milk production, this breed is found in over eighty countries worldwide. The Saanen is the largest Swiss goat breed, with males standing around 90 cm (35 inches) at the shoulder and weighing at least 85 kg (190 pounds). Characterized by its white skin and short white coat, some small pigmented spots are acceptable. Saanen goats can be either horned or hornless and may have tassels. Their profile can be straight or slightly concave, with ears that stand erect and point upwards and forwards.

Saarloos Wolfdog

The Saarlooswolfdog, one of the fascinating animals starting with S, is a wolfdog breed developed in the Netherlands in 1935 by crossing a German Shepherd with a Siberian grey wolf. The resulting progeny were further bred with German Shepherds to establish the breed. The Saarlooswolfdog has a robust build, with physical characteristics and movements reminiscent of a wolf. Males typically stand between 65 and 75 cm (26–30 inches) tall, while females range from 60–70 cm (24–28 inches). These dogs can weigh up to 45 kg (100 pounds). They are known for their athleticism, medium bone structure and strong, muscular physique.

Saber-Toothed Tiger

Smilodon, a genus of felids from the extinct subfamily Machairodontinae, is one of the most well-known saber-toothed predators and prehistoric mammals. Despite its common nickname, the saber-toothed tiger, it was not closely related to tigers or any modern cats. Smilodon roamed the Americas during the Pleistocene epoch, from about 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 years ago. While similar in size to today’s large cats, Smilodon had a more robust build, featuring a reduced lumbar region, high scapula, short tail and broad limbs with relatively short feet.

Sable

The sable (Martes zibellina), one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a species of marten, a small omnivorous mammal that primarily resides in the forested regions of Russia, extending from the Ural Mountains across Siberia and into northern Mongolia. Male sables typically have a body length ranging from 38 to 56 centimeters (15 to 22 inches) with tails measuring between 9 and 12 centimeters (3.5 to 4.7 inches) and they weigh between 880 to 1,800 grams (1.94 to 3.97 pounds). Female sables are slightly smaller, with body lengths of 35 to 51 centimeters (14 to 20 inches) and tail lengths of 7.2 to 11.5 centimeters (2.8 to 4.5 inches). Their winter fur is longer and more luxurious compared to their summer coat.

Sable Ferret

The sable ferret is a popular variety of domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) known for its distinctive coloration and playful demeanor. Characterized by a dark brown or black coat with lighter underfur, sable ferrets typically have a dark mask around their eyes, resembling the markings of a raccoon. These small, carnivorous mammals usually weigh between 1.5 to 4 pounds (0.7 to 1.8 kg) and measure about 20 inches (50 cm) in length, including their tail.

Sable ferrets, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are known for their high energy levels and curious nature, often engaging in playful behaviors such as tunneling, chasing and exploring their surroundings.

Sable German Shepherd

The sable German Shepherd is a striking and versatile variation of the German Shepherd breed, recognized for its unique and attractive coat color. Unlike the more common black-and-tan or black-and-red German Shepherds, the sable variant features a coat where each hair is banded with multiple colors, usually a mix of black, brown, gray and gold, giving the dog a wolf-like appearance. This coloration can change throughout the dog’s life, often becoming richer and more pronounced as the dog matures.

Sable German Shepherds, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, typically share the same physical and behavioral characteristics as other German Shepherds, including a robust and muscular build, standing 22-26 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing between 50-90 pounds.

Saddleback Caterpillar

The saddleback caterpillar (Acharia stimulea, previously known as Sibine stimulea) is the larval stage of a moth species indigenous to eastern North America. Belonging to the family Limacodidae, Acharia stimulea is most recognizable in its larval phase. During the mid and late instar stages (developmental phases between molting periods), the caterpillar displays its distinctive lime-green coloration on the top of its body. Its most notable feature is a dark central marking encircled by white and black, resembling a saddle.

Saiga

The saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica), often referred to simply as the saiga, once roamed extensively across the Eurasian steppe during ancient times. This antelope stands between 61 and 81 cm (24 to 32 inches) tall at the shoulder and weighs between 26 and 69 kg (57 to 152 pounds). Its head-and-body length ranges from 100 to 140 cm (39 to 55 inches). One of the saiga’s most distinctive features is its pair of closely spaced, downward-facing, bloated nostrils. Additional facial characteristics include dark markings on the cheeks and nose, along with ears that are 7 to 12 cm (2.8 to 4.7 inches) long.

Sailfish

The sailfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is one of the two marine fish species in the genus Istiophorus, part of the Istiophoridae family, which includes marlins. These fish are primarily blue to gray in color and are distinguished by their large dorsal fin, known as a sail, which often extends the entire length of their back. Another key feature is their elongated rostrum or bill, similar to those of other marlins and swordfish, collectively known as billfish in sport fishing. Sailfish inhabit the cooler pelagic waters of all the world’s oceans and are renowned for being the fastest marine animals.

Saint Berdoodle

The Saint Berdoodle, a charming hybrid of the Saint Bernard and the Poodle, is a large, affectionate and intelligent dog known for its friendly nature and hypoallergenic coat. Typically weighing between 70 to 150 pounds and standing 24 to 30 inches tall at the shoulder, these gentle giants inherit the best traits of both parent breeds. The Saint Berdoodle’s coat can vary from wavy to curly and comes in a range of colors, including black, white, brown and apricot. Known for their sociable and loyal disposition, Saint Berdoodles make excellent family pets, often forming strong bonds with children and other animals.

Saint Bernard

The Saint Bernard is a giant dog breed known for its friendly demeanor, impressive size and historical role as a rescue dog in the Swiss Alps. Originating in the monasteries of the Great St. Bernard Pass, these dogs were bred by monks for their ability to locate and rescue travelers lost in the snow. Saint Bernards can weigh between 140 to 180 pounds (63 to 82 kg) and stand 26 to 30 inches (66 to 76 cm) tall at the shoulder. They have a thick, dense coat that can be either short or long, typically featuring a white base with red, brown, or brindle markings.

Known for their gentle and patient temperament, Saint Bernards are excellent family pets, especially good with children due to their calm and protective nature. Despite their large size, they are known for being quite gentle and affectionate.

Saint Shepherd

The Saint Shepherd, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a hybrid dog breed resulting from the cross between a Saint Bernard and a German Shepherd, combining the best traits of both parent breeds. Typically, Saint Shepherds weigh between 85 to 140 pounds and stand around 25 to 28 inches tall at the shoulder, showcasing a robust and muscular build. They inherit the intelligence, loyalty and protective instincts of the German Shepherd, along with the gentle and friendly nature of the Saint Bernard. Their coat can vary in length and texture, often being dense and double-layered and colors range from black and tan to shades of brown and white.

Salamander

Salamanders are a group of amphibians that generally resemble lizards, featuring slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs that extend at right angles from the body and tails present in both their larval and adult stages. Their skin is typically moist, smooth and lacks scales, though newts in the Salamandridae family may have velvety or warty skin that remains wet to the touch. Salamander skin can range from drab to brightly colored, with patterns that include stripes, bars, spots, blotches, or dots. During the breeding season, male newts often display vibrant colors. Species that live in caves and darkness lack pigmentation, giving them a translucent pink or pearlescent appearance.

Salmon

Salmon, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, refers to several commercially significant species of euryhaline ray-finned fish belonging to the genera Salmo and Oncorhynchus in the Salmonidae family. These fish are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (Salmo) and North Pacific (Oncorhynchus) basins. As mid-level carnivores, salmon have a diet that evolves with their life stages. Salmon fry primarily consume zooplankton until they grow to fingerling sizes, at which point their diet shifts to include more aquatic invertebrates, such as insect larvae, microcrustaceans and worms.

Salmon Shark

The salmon shark (Lamna ditropis) is a species of mackerel shark inhabiting the northern Pacific Ocean. As an apex predator, it preys on salmon, squid, sablefish and herring. Remarkably, the salmon shark can maintain a consistent stomach temperature (homeothermy), a rare trait among fish, though it has not been proven to sustain a constant overall body temperature. There is also notable, yet unexplained, variability in the sex ratio between eastern and western populations in the northern Pacific. Typically, salmon sharks reach lengths of 200 to 260 cm (6.6 to 8.6 feet) and can weigh up to 220 kg (485 pounds), with males generally being slightly smaller than females. Unverified reports suggest that some salmon sharks may grow as large as 4.3 meters (14.2 feet).

Saluki

The Saluki, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a standardized breed derived from sighthounds, which are dogs that hunt mainly by sight rather than scent. Historically, nomadic tribes used these dogs to chase down game animals. The breed originated in the Fertile Crescent. Modern Salukis typically stand between 58 and 71 centimeters (23 to 28 inches) at the withers and weigh between 16 and 32 kilograms (35 to 70 pounds), with females being slightly smaller than males. The breed features a long, narrow head, large eyes, drop ears and a long, curved tail. Salukis possess the characteristic deep chest and long legs of sighthounds.

Sambar

The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is a large deer native to the Indian subcontinent, South China and Southeast Asia. It has been listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List since 2008 due to significant population declines caused by severe hunting, local insurgency and industrial habitat exploitation. Sambars typically stand between 102 and 160 cm (40 to 63 inches) at the shoulder and can weigh up to 546 kg (1,204 pounds), although their usual weight range is between 100 and 350 kg (220 to 770 pounds).

Samoyed

The Samoyed, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a medium-sized herding dog breed known for its thick, white, double-layer coat. These spitz-type dogs are named after the Samoyedic peoples of Siberia. They descend from the Nenets Herding Laika and are versatile working animals, used for herding, hunting, protection and sled-pulling. Samoyeds are primarily white, though their double-layer coat can have a brown tint and is naturally dirt-repellent. An intact 2.5-year-old male Samoyed typically exhibits these characteristic features.

San Francisco Garter Snake

The San Francisco garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) is a slender, multi-colored subspecies of the common garter snake. Listed as endangered since 1967, this subspecies is native to San Mateo County. Adult San Francisco garter snakes can reach lengths of 18 to 55 inches (46 to 140 cm). Their keeled dorsal scales are blue-green, accented with stripes of black, red (occasionally orange) and blue-green.

Sand Cat

The sand cat (Felis margarita) is a small wild feline that resides in sandy and stony deserts, far from water sources. Its sandy to light grey fur provides excellent camouflage in its arid environment. The head-and-body length of the sand cat ranges from 39 to 52 cm (15 to 20 inches) and it has a tail that measures 23 to 31 cm (9.1 to 12.2 inches). Its short ears, measuring 5 to 7 cm (2.0 to 2.8 inches), are positioned low on the sides of its head, which helps it detect prey moving underground. Additionally, the long hair on the soles of its paws insulates its pads from the extreme desert temperatures.

Sand Crab

Hippoidea is a superfamily of decapod crustaceans commonly known as mole crabs or sand crabs. These crabs are specially adapted for burrowing into sandy beaches, a trait they share with raninid crabs, showcasing remarkable parallel evolution between the two groups. Members of the family Hippidae have an almost ovoid body shape, lack claws on their first pereiopods and possess a long telson. Sand crabs can be found on beaches worldwide, except in polar regions. Interestingly, larvae of one species have been discovered in Antarctic waters, despite the absence of suitable sandy beaches in the region.

Sand Dollar

Sand dollars, also referred to as sea cookies or snapper biscuits in New Zealand and Brazil and pansy shells in South Africa, are species of flat, burrowing sea urchins. These creatures are relatively small, typically measuring between 80 and 100 mm (3 to 4 inches). Like all members of the order Clypeasteroida, sand dollars, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have a rigid skeleton known as a test. This test is composed of calcium carbonate plates arranged in a fivefold symmetrical pattern.

Sand Lizard

The sand lizard is found throughout most of Europe, ranging from the southern coast of Britain to Lake Baikal in Russia. This legged lizard is sexually dimorphic. In northwest Europe, both males and females are characterized by lateral and dorsal strips of eye-shaped (ocellated) markings, which appear as dark patches with pale centers. Their coloration varies across their European and Russian habitats. Males possess finer markings compared to females and display bright green flanks during the spring mating season, which fade by late summer. Adult male sand lizards can reach a total body length of 19.3 cm, while adult females can grow up to 18.5 cm.

Sand Tiger Shark

The sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus), also known as the gray nurse shark, spotted ragged-tooth shark, or blue-nurse sand tiger, is a shark species found in subtropical and temperate waters across the globe. This shark resides on the continental shelf, occupying areas from sandy beaches (which is why it is called the sand tiger shark) to submerged reefs, reaching depths of approximately 191 meters (627 feet). These sharks can be found in the waters off Japan, Australia, South Africa and along the eastern coastlines of North and South America.

Sand Viper

The sand viper (Vipera ammodytes), also known as the nose-horned viper, is a venomous snake native to southern Europe and parts of the Middle East. It is easily recognizable by the prominent horn-like structure on its snout. Adult sand vipers typically measure 20 to 35 inches (50 to 90 cm) in length, with females generally being larger than males. They exhibit a range of color patterns, including shades of gray, brown and reddish, often with a distinct zigzag pattern along their back, which helps with camouflage in their natural rocky and sandy habitats.

Sandhill Crane

The sandhill crane (Antigone canadensis) is a large crane species native to North America and the far northeastern regions of Siberia. Adult sandhill cranes are generally gray in color, though their plumage tends to become quite worn and stained during the breeding season, especially in migratory populations, giving them an almost ochre appearance. On average, the larger males weigh around 4.57 kg (10.1 lb), while females typically weigh 4.02 kg (8.9 lb), with weights ranging from 2.7 to 6.7 kg (6.0 to 14.8 lb) across different subspecies. These cranes are characterized by red foreheads, white cheeks and long, dark, pointed bills. When flying, they are easily recognized by their long, dark legs trailing behind and their extended necks.

Sandpiper

Scolopacidae, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a diverse family of shorebirds, also known as waders, which encompasses many species, including sandpipers, woodcocks, curlews and snipes. Most species within this family feed on small invertebrates that they extract from mud or soil. The varying lengths of their bills allow different species to coexist in the same habitat, especially along the coast, without competing directly for food. These birds range in size from small to medium, measuring between 12 and 66 cm (4.7–26.0 in) in length.

Sandworm

Arenicola, commonly referred to as sandworms, is a genus of capitellid annelid worms that includes lugworms and black lugs. These worms inhabit U-shaped burrows in the sand. The burrow consists of an L-shaped gallery lined with mucus, extending into a vertical, unlined head shaft that reaches the surface. At the surface, this head shaft creates a small, saucer-shaped depression. The tail shaft, located 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to 7.6 cm) away, is identified by a tightly coiled sand cast.

Saola

The saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis), also known as the spindlehorn, Asian unicorn, or occasionally the Vu Quang bovid, is one of the world’s rarest large mammals. This forest-dwelling bovine is native to the Annamite Range in Vietnam and Laos. In a 1998 publication, William G. Robichaud, the coordinator of the Saola Working Group, documented the physical measurements of a captive female saola he named ‘Martha’ in a Laotian menagerie. Martha was observed for approximately 15 days before she died from unknown causes. Robichaud recorded her height at 84 centimeters (33 inches) at the shoulder, with her back being slightly elevated, nearly 12 centimeters (4.7 inches) taller than her shoulder height.

Sapsali

The Sapsal is a shaggy-haired breed of dog from South Korea, believed to ward off evil spirits. Males typically stand at 51 cm in height, while females reach 49 cm. Their bodies are covered in long, thick fur, providing ample protection against the cold. Sapsal dogs, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, can come in a variety of colors, either solid or mixed. They have ears that lie flat and a relatively blunt snout, distinct from the pointed snout of the Jindo dog. With a raised tail and a large head, their overall appearance is somewhat lion-like. Known for their bold and valiant nature, these dogs are exceptionally loyal to their owners.

Sarcosuchus

Sarcosuchus is an extinct genus of crocodyliform, a distant relative of modern crocodilians, which existed during the Early Cretaceous period, from the late Hauterivian to the early Albian stages, approximately 133 to 112 million years ago. This genus inhabited regions that are now part of Africa and South America. Fully grown Sarcosuchus individuals are estimated to have reached lengths of 9 to 9.5 meters (29.5 to 31.2 feet) and weighed between 3.45 to 4.3 metric tons (3.80 to 4.74 short tons). They had slightly telescoped eyes and a long snout that made up about 75% of their skull length.

Sardines

Sardine and pilchard are terms commonly used to refer to various species of small, oily forage fish in the herring family, Clupeidae. The word ‘sardine’ was first recorded in English in the early 15th century, with a somewhat uncertain origin suggesting it may derive from the Italian island of Sardinia, where these fish were believed to be plentiful. Sardines are highly nutritious, packed with vitamins and minerals. A small daily serving of sardines can provide 13% of the recommended intake of vitamin B2, approximately 25% of niacin and around 150% of the daily value of vitamin B12.

Sarkastodon

Sarkastodon, meaning “meaty tooth,” is an extinct genus of placental mammals belonging to the extinct subfamily Oxyaeninae within the extinct family Oxyaenidae. This genus lived during the middle Eocene in regions that are now China and Mongolia. Sarkastodon is estimated to have weighed around 800 kg (1,800 lb) and reached a length of about 3 meters (10 feet). Fossils of this genus were found in the Ulan Shireb beds, located approximately 160 kilometers (100 miles) from the type locality in Inner Mongolia. These specimens were discovered by Walter W. Granger in 1930.

Sarplaninac

The Šarplaninac, also known as the Sharr dog, is a breed of livestock guardian dog named after the Šar Mountains or Šar Planina range in the Balkans, where it is predominantly found. This breed is known for its robust and well-proportioned build, characterized by a sturdy bone structure. It is larger than average, with a thick, long and somewhat coarse coat that enhances its compact appearance. Male Šarplaninacs typically weigh between 35 and 45 kg, while females weigh about 5 kg less. The average height at the withers is 62 cm for males and 58 cm for females.

Sarus Crane

The sarus crane (Antigone antigone) is a large, nonmigratory bird found in regions of the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and Australia. It is the tallest flying bird, reaching heights of up to 1.8 meters (5 feet 11 inches). This species is easily recognizable in the open wetlands of South Asia. Adult sarus cranes are notably large, featuring grey wings and bodies, a bare red head and part of the upper neck, a greyish crown and a long, greenish-grey, pointed bill. When in flight, the sarus crane’s long neck is held straight, unlike herons, which retract their necks and the black wing tips are visible.

Satanic Leaf-Tailed Gecko

Uroplatus phantasticus, commonly known as the satanic leaf-tailed gecko, eyelash leaf-tailed gecko, or the phantastic leaf-tailed gecko, is a gecko species native to Madagascar. This species is endemic to Madagascar, meaning it is found exclusively on this island. It is an arboreal animal, relying heavily on its natural camouflage to blend into the northern and central tropical forests of Madagascar. The gecko comes in a variety of colors, including shades of purple, orange, tan and yellow, but is most frequently mottled brown. It can be identified by the small black dots on its underside, which help distinguish it from similar species.

Saturniidae Moth

The Saturniidae moth, belonging to the family Saturniidae, is renowned for its large size, striking wing patterns and vibrant colors, making it one of the most visually captivating moth families in the world. These moths can exhibit wingspans ranging from 1 to 6 inches (2.5 to 15 cm), with notable species such as the Atlas moth (Attacus atlas) reaching up to 12 inches (30 cm). Saturniidae moths, also known as giant silk moths, have hairy bodies and wings adorned with eye spots or intricate patterns that serve as defense mechanisms against predators. Found across various continents, including North and South America, Africa and Asia, these moths have a brief adult life span, often just one week.

Sauropoda

Sauropoda, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a clade of saurischian (‘lizard-hipped’) dinosaurs characterized by their very long necks, long tails, small heads relative to their large bodies and four thick, pillar-like legs. This group includes some of the largest animals ever to have lived on land. Sauropods were herbivorous, typically long-necked quadrupeds with spatulate teeth, which are broad at the tip and narrow at the base. They had small heads, massive bodies and most species possessed long tails. Their hind legs were thick, straight and powerful, ending in club-like feet with five toes, although only the inner three (or sometimes four) toes bore claws.

Savanna Goat

The Savanna goat, originating from South Africa, is a hardy and versatile breed renowned for its adaptability to harsh climates and excellent meat production. These goats typically weigh between 120 to 250 pounds (54 to 113 kg), with bucks being larger than does. They possess a distinctive all-white coat, which helps them reflect the sun’s heat and thrive in hot, arid environments. Known for their robust health, Savanna goats exhibit high resistance to diseases and parasites, making them low-maintenance livestock.

Savannah Monitor

The savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus) is a medium-sized species of monitor lizard native to Africa. These lizards are robustly built, featuring relatively short limbs and toes, along with skulls and dentition adapted for consuming hard-shelled prey. They have powerful limbs for digging, strong jaws and blunt, peg-like teeth. Savannah monitors typically do not exceed 100 cm in length. Their skin coloration patterns vary depending on the substrate of their local habitat, allowing them to blend into their surroundings.

Savannah Sparrow

The Savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a small New World sparrow and the sole member of the genus Passerculus. This widespread and abundant species inhabits open grasslands across North America. The Savannah sparrow features a dark-streaked brown back, typical of sparrows and whitish underparts with brown or blackish streaks on the breast and flanks. It also has whitish crown and supercilium stripes, occasionally tinged with yellow, particularly near the beak.

Savu Python

The Savu python (Liasis mackloti savuensis), also known as the White-eyed python, is a lesser-known species native to the small island of Savu in Indonesia. This medium-sized python typically measures 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) in length, with a slender, muscular build. Its coloration changes dramatically as it matures: juveniles start with a rich, reddish-brown hue that gradually shifts to a dark chocolate or blackish color in adults, often accompanied by a distinctive white eye ring, which gives the species its common name. Savu pythons are primarily nocturnal and terrestrial, inhabiting dry, rocky environments where they prey on small mammals and birds.

Saw-scaled Viper

Echis, commonly known as saw-scaled vipers or carpet vipers, is a genus of vipers that inhabit the arid regions of Africa, the Middle East, India, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. These vipers are known for their distinctive threat display, in which they rub parts of their body together to produce a “sizzling” warning sound. They have a relatively small, short, wide, pear-shaped head that is distinct from the neck. Their snout is short and rounded and they possess relatively large eyes. The body of the saw-scaled viper is moderately slender and cylindrical, with mostly keeled dorsal scales.

Sawfish

Sawfish, also referred to as carpenter sharks, belong to a family of rays distinguished by their long, narrow, flattened rostrum lined with sharp transverse teeth, resembling a saw. These are among the largest fish, with certain species growing up to 7–7.6 meters (23–25 feet) in length. Sawfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, inhabit tropical and subtropical regions globally, residing in coastal marine and brackish estuarine waters, as well as freshwater rivers and lakes. Unfortunately, all species of sawfish are currently endangered.

Scale-Crested Pygmy Tyrant

The scale-crested pygmy tyrant (Lophotriccus pileatus) is a bird species belonging to the Tyrannidae family. It gets its name from the small, crown-like ring of feathers on top of its head, which it raises to attract mates and to appear larger when threatened. This bird is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Venezuela and possibly Honduras. Its natural habitats include subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Scaleless Ball Python

The scaleless ball python (Python regius) is a captivating and unique morph of the traditional ball python, known for its completely smooth and scale-free skin. This morph, which results from a genetic mutation, typically exhibits the same size and behavioral characteristics as its scaled counterparts, with adults reaching lengths of 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) and weighing between 3 to 5 pounds (1.4 to 2.3 kg). The absence of scales gives these snakes a soft, almost rubbery texture, making them visually striking and highly sought after by reptile enthusiasts.

Scallops

Scallop is a common name for various species of marine bivalve mollusks belonging to the family Pectinidae. These mollusks are found in oceans worldwide, with the highest diversity in the Indo-Pacific region. Most scallop species inhabit relatively shallow waters, ranging from the low tide line to depths of 100 meters, although some species prefer much deeper waters. Scallops, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are unique in that they offer two distinct flavors and textures within one shell: the firm, white meat known as the “scallop,” and the soft, often reddish-orange roe known as the “coral.” In some markets, scallops are sold prepared in the shell, typically with only the meat remaining.

Scarab Beetle

The scarab beetle, belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, is a diverse and fascinating group of insects known for their distinct, often metallic exoskeletons and their importance in various ecosystems. With over 30,000 species worldwide, scarab beetles range in size from 0.1 to 4.8 inches (2.5 mm to 120 mm) and exhibit a variety of colors and patterns. Famous for their role in ancient Egyptian culture, the scarab, particularly the dung beetle (Scarabaeus sacer), was considered a symbol of rebirth and immortality. These beetles are ecologically significant, especially dung beetles, which recycle nutrients and help in waste decomposition by rolling dung into balls for feeding and breeding.

Scarlet Kingsnake

The scarlet kingsnake or scarlet milk snake (Lampropeltis elapsoides) is a species of kingsnake found in the southeastern and eastern regions of the United States. Like all kingsnakes, they are nonvenomous. These predominantly fossorial snakes are the smallest members of the genus Lampropeltis, typically measuring between 40 and 50 cm (16 to 20 inches) when fully grown. The maximum recorded length is 76.2 cm (30 inches) in Jonesboro, AR. Hatchlings range in size from 8 to 18 cm (3.1 to 7.1 inches).

Scarlet Macaw

The scarlet macaw (Ara macao) is a large, vibrant Neotropical parrot native to the humid evergreen forests of the Americas. This bird measures approximately 81 centimeters (32 inches) in length, with more than half of that being its pointed, graduated tail, which is more prominent in this species compared to other large macaws. The average weight of a scarlet macaw is about 1 kilogram (2 pounds 3 ounces). Its plumage is predominantly scarlet, with light blue feathers on the rump and tail coverts and yellow feathers on the greater upper wing coverts.

Scarlet Tanager

The scarlet tanager (Piranga olivacea) is a medium-sized songbird native to North America. Although it was previously categorized in the tanager family (Thraupidae), it is now classified under the cardinal family (Cardinalidae) along with other members of its genus. Among the four Piranga species that breed north of Mexico, the scarlet tanager is the smallest. It weighs between 23.5 and 38 grams (0.83 to 1.34 ounces), averaging 25 grams (0.88 ounces) during the breeding season and about 35 grams (1.2 ounces) at the start of migration. The length of a scarlet tanager ranges from 16 to 19 centimeters (6.3 to 7.5 inches) and its wingspan varies from 25 to 30 centimeters (9.8 to 11.8 inches).

Schapendoes

The Schapendoes, also known as the Dutch Sheepdog, is a breed that originated in the Netherlands. Initially bred as a herding and general farm dog, the Schapendoes now also excels in dog sports such as agility and flyball. This medium-sized dog is characterized by its long, thick fur covering its body, legs, tail and face. It has small, drooping ears adorned with long fur and a distinctive moustache and beard. The coat can be of any color. The breed stands up to 50 cm (19.7 inches) tall at the withers and weighs between 12 and 20 kg (26 to 44 pounds), with males occasionally reaching up to 25 kg (55 pounds).

Schipperke

The Schipperke is a small dog breed believed to have originated in the 1600s in Flanders. There has been an ongoing informal debate about whether this breed is a spitz or a miniature sheepdog. Schipperkes are small, sturdy dogs typically black in color and belonging to the Spitz family. They feature pointed, erect ears on top of their heads. Schipperkes, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have a double coat with a soft, fluffy undercoat beneath a somewhat harsher and longer outer coat. A distinctive feature of the breed is a long ruff around the neck that extends into a strip trailing towards the rear of the dog.

Schneagle

The Schneagle is a hybrid dog breed resulting from the cross between a Miniature Schnauzer and a Beagle. This small to medium-sized dog typically weighs between 10 to 20 pounds (4.5 to 9 kg) and stands about 12 to 15 inches (30 to 38 cm) tall at the shoulder. Schneagles inherit a blend of traits from both parent breeds, often displaying the Beagle’s keen sense of smell and curiosity along with the Schnauzer’s wiry coat and alert demeanor. They are known for their friendly and energetic nature, making them excellent family pets and companions.

Scimitar-horned Oryx

The scimitar oryx (Oryx dammah), also known as the scimitar-horned oryx and the Sahara oryx, is a species of oryx that was once widespread across North Africa. In 2000, it was declared extinct in the wild by the IUCN Red List, but in 2023, it was reclassified as endangered. This straight-horned antelope stands just over 1 meter (3.3 feet) at the shoulder.

Males typically weigh between 140 and 210 kg (310 to 460 lb), while females weigh between 91 and 140 kg (201 to 309 lb). The body length from head to the base of the tail ranges from 140 to 240 cm (55 to 94 in), with the tail adding an additional 45 to 60 cm (18 to 24 in) and ending in a tuft. Scimitar oryxes are sexually dimorphic, with males being larger than females.

Scissor-tailed Flycatcher

The scissor-tailed flycatcher (Tyrannus forficatus), also known as the swallow-tailed flycatcher or scissorstail, is a long-tailed, insect-eating bird belonging to the genus Tyrannus, whose members are commonly referred to as kingbirds. Adult scissor-tailed flycatchers feature pale gray heads and upper parts, light underparts, salmon-pink flanks and undertail coverts and dark gray wings. They also have red axillars and a red patch on the underwing coverts. Their most distinctive feature is their extremely long, forked tails, which are black on the top and white on the underside, making them easily recognizable.

Scorpion

Scorpions are predatory arachnids belonging to the order Scorpiones. They are easily identifiable by their eight legs, a pair of grasping pincers and a narrow, segmented tail that is often carried in a distinctive forward curve over their back, ending in a stinger. Scorpions have an evolutionary history dating back 435 million years.

These arachnids primarily prey on insects such as grasshoppers, crickets, termites, beetles and wasps. They also hunt spiders, solifugids, woodlice and even small vertebrates like lizards, snakes and mammals. Species with larger claws may also prey on earthworms and mollusks. Curious for more? Read the full article here!

Scorpion Fish

The scorpion fish, belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, is a group of venomous marine fish known for their potent sting and striking appearance. These fish are typically found in shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region, although some species inhabit deeper oceanic environments. Scorpion fish range in size from about 6 inches to 24 inches (15 to 60 cm) and exhibit a variety of colors and patterns, often blending seamlessly with their surroundings to ambush prey. Their bodies are covered with spines and skin flaps that provide excellent camouflage among rocks and coral.

Scotch Collie

The Rough Collie, also known as the Long-Haired Collie or Scotch Collie, is a medium to large-sized dog breed with a long coat. Originally, this breed was used for herding sheep in Scotland. Rough Collies are characterized by white areas on their coats, including the collar, parts of the legs and usually the tip of the tail. Some Rough Collies may also have white blazes on their faces. The American Kennel Club recognizes a color-headed white variant, where the dog is predominantly white with colored markings of sable, tricolor, or blue merle on the head and sometimes with body patches.

Scottish Deerhound

The Scottish Deerhound, commonly known as the Deerhound, is a large sighthound breed originally bred for hunting red deer by coursing. While it bears a resemblance to the Greyhound in appearance, the Deerhound is larger and has a more robust bone structure along with a rough coat. Although not as fast as the Greyhound on smooth, firm surfaces, the Deerhound excels in rough or heavy terrain where it can outrun its Greyhound counterpart.

Scottish Fold Cat

The Scottish Fold is a unique breed of domestic cat known for a natural dominant gene mutation associated with osteochondrodysplasia, which affects cartilage development. This medium to large-sized cat can be found in any color, including calico. Males typically weigh between 4–6 kg (8.8–13.2 lb), while females weigh between 2.7–4 kg (6.0–8.8 lb). The Scottish Fold, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is characterized by its overall rounded body structure, especially its head and face, along with large, round eyes.

Scottish Terrier

The Scottish Terrier (Scottish Gaelic: Abhag Albannach), also known as the Aberdeen Terrier or simply the Scottie, is a small and compact breed of dog. This terrier is characterized by its short legs, sturdy build and good bone and substance. It has a hard, wiry, weather-resistant coat and a thick-set, cobby body supported by short, heavy legs. Notable features of the breed include its keen, piercing “varminty” expression, erect ears and tail, which all contribute to its distinctive appearance.

Scrotum Frog

The scrotum frog (Telmatobius culeus), also known as the Titicaca water frog, is a unique and critically endangered amphibian native to Lake Titicaca, which straddles the border between Peru and Bolivia. Named for its distinctive loose, baggy skin, which is highly wrinkled and provides an increased surface area for oxygen absorption, the scrotum frog is well adapted to its high-altitude aquatic environment. These frogs can grow quite large, with some individuals reaching up to 20 inches (50 cm) in length and weighing over 2 pounds (1 kg).

Sculpin

A sculpin, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a type of fish classified within the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Scorpaeniformes. As of 2006, this superfamily includes 7 families, 94 genera and 387 species. Sculpins are found in a variety of habitats, ranging from ocean to freshwater environments. They inhabit rivers, submarine canyons, kelp forests and shallow littoral zones, including tidepools.

Scutosaurus

Scutosaurus (“shield lizard”) is an extinct genus of pareiasaur parareptiles, named for the large armor plates scattered across its body. This large anapsid reptile, unlike most reptiles, supported its substantial weight by holding its legs underneath its body. Scutosaurus measured about 2.5 to 3 meters (8 feet 2 inches to 9 feet 10 inches) in length and weighed up to 1,160 kilograms (2,560 pounds). Its body was covered in rough osteoderms, each featuring a central boss with a spine. Scutosaurus had a massive build, with bony armor and numerous spikes decorating its skull. Despite its considerable weight, its short legs limited its ability to move quickly for extended periods, making it vulnerable to attacks by large predators.

Sea Anemone

Sea anemones, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are predatory marine invertebrates belonging to the order Actiniaria. Typically, a sea anemone is a sessile polyp that attaches to a surface using an adhesive foot called a basal or pedal disc. Its body is column-shaped and topped with an oral disc. Most sea anemones range from 1 to 5 cm (0.4 to 2.0 inches) in diameter and 1.5 to 10 cm (0.6 to 3.9 inches) in length, though they can inflate and vary significantly in size.

Sea Bass

The sea bass is a popular and diverse group of fish found in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, prized for its culinary versatility and economic value. Species such as the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and the black sea bass (Centropristis striata) are well-known members of this group. Typically, sea bass can grow to a length of 10 to 30 inches (25 to 75 cm) and weigh between 1 to 15 pounds (0.5 to 7 kg), although larger specimens are not uncommon. They have a streamlined body with a silvery or dark coloration, often with darker stripes or spots, which helps them blend into their coastal and offshore habitats.

Sea Dragon

The sea dragon, belonging to the family Syngnathidae, is a remarkable marine fish closely related to seahorses and pipefish. There are two main species: the leafy sea dragon (Phycodurus eques) and the weedy sea dragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus). Native to the coastal waters of southern and western Australia, sea dragons are renowned for their elaborate, leaf-like appendages that provide excellent camouflage among seaweed and kelp.

Leafy sea dragons can grow up to 14 inches (35 cm) in length, while weedy sea dragons typically reach about 18 inches (45 cm). Their intricate body shapes and vibrant colors, ranging from yellow and green to reddish hues, help them blend into their environment to avoid predators.

Sea Eagle

A sea eagle or fish eagle, also known as erne or ern (primarily in reference to the white-tailed eagle), refers to any bird of prey in the subfamily Haliaeetinae of the family Accipitridae. Sea eagles vary in size, ranging from Sanford’s sea eagle, which averages 2–2.7 kilograms (4.4–6.0 pounds), to Steller’s sea eagle, which can weigh up to 9 kilograms (20 pounds). The white-tailed eagle, weighing up to 6.9 kilograms (15 pounds 3 ounces), is the largest eagle in Europe. Bald eagles, native to North America, can weigh up to 6.3 kilograms (13 pounds 14 ounces).

Sea Lion

Sea lions, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are pinnipeds distinguished by their external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short and thick hair and a large chest and belly. They typically live for 20–30 years. Male sea lions average about 300 kg (660 lb) in weight and measure around 2.4 meters (8 feet) in length, whereas females weigh approximately 100 kg (220 lb) and are about 1.8 meters (6 feet) long. The largest of the species, Steller’s sea lions, can reach up to 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) in weight and grow to a length of 3.0 meters (10 feet). Sea lions are known for consuming significant amounts of food, eating about 5–8% of their body weight (roughly 6.8–15.9 kg or 15–35 lb) in a single feeding.

Sea Otter

The sea otter (Enhydra lutris) is a marine mammal found along the coasts of the northern and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Adult sea otters generally weigh between 14 and 45 kg (30 and 100 lb), making them the heaviest members of the weasel family and among the smallest marine mammals. While being the smallest marine mammal species, they are the heaviest mustelids. Male sea otters typically weigh between 22 and 45 kg (49 to 99 lb) and measure 1.2 to 1.5 meters (3 feet 11 inches to 4 feet 11 inches) in length, though some individuals have been recorded weighing up to 54 kg (119 lb).

Sea Roach

The term “sea roach” can refer to various marine species, but one notable example is the sea roach (Ligia oceanica), which is commonly known as the sea slater or sea woodlouse. It is a marine crustacean found along rocky shorelines in coastal regions of Europe and North Africa. Sea roaches are characterized by their flattened bodies, segmented exoskeleton and ability to breathe through gills located under their body segments. They typically measure between 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) in length and are dark brown or gray in color, blending in with their rocky habitats to avoid predators.

Sea Slug

Sea slug, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a common name for various marine invertebrates that bear some resemblance to terrestrial slugs. They exhibit a wide range of body shapes, colors and sizes, with most being partially translucent. The bright colors of reef-dwelling sea slugs often indicate that they are under constant threat from predators. These vivid hues serve as a warning to potential predators about the sea slug’s toxic stinging cells (nematocysts) or unpleasant taste. Like all gastropods, sea slugs possess small, razor-sharp teeth known as radulas.

Sea Snake

Sea snakes, also known as coral reef snakes, are elapid snakes that live primarily or entirely in marine environments. Most adult sea snake species range from 120 to 150 cm (4 to 5 feet) in length, with the largest species, Hydrophis spiralis, reaching up to 3 meters (10 feet). They have relatively small eyes with round pupils and most possess dorsally located nostrils. The skulls of sea snakes are similar to those of terrestrial elapids, but their dentition is somewhat primitive, featuring short fangs and up to 18 smaller teeth behind them on the maxilla, except in the genus Emydocephalus.

Sea Spider

Sea spiders, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are marine arthropods belonging to the order Pantopoda (literally “all feet”) and the class Pycnogonida, hence also known as pycnogonids. These creatures inhabit various regions worldwide, including Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific coast of the United States, the Mediterranean Sea, the Caribbean Sea and both the north and south poles. The class Pycnogonida consists of over 1,300 species, which are typically divided into eighty-six genera.

Sea Squirt

Ascidiacea, commonly known as ascidians or sea squirts, is a paraphyletic class within the subphylum Tunicata. These sac-like marine invertebrates are filter feeders. Sea squirts typically range in size from about 0.5 to 10 cm (0.2 to 4 inches) and have a rounded or cylindrical shape. One end of their body is firmly attached to solid surfaces such as rock or coral. The lower surface of a sea squirt is often pitted or ridged and in some species, it has root-like extensions that help secure the animal to the surface.

Sea Trout

Sea trout is the common name for anadromous (sea-run) forms of brown trout (Salmo trutta), often referred to as Salmo trutta morpha trutta. These anadromous brown trout are widely distributed along the Atlantic and Baltic coasts of Europe, as well as the coasts of the United Kingdom and Iceland. Adult brown trout typically measure between 35 and 60 cm (14 and 24 inches) in length and weigh between 0.5 and 2.4 kg (1.1 to 5.3 pounds). During breeding season, males develop a hook-like, upward-facing protrusion on the lower jaw known as a kype.

Sea Turtle

Sea turtles (superfamily Chelonioidea), also known as marine turtles, are reptiles belonging to the order Testudines and the suborder Cryptodira. Among the seven species of sea turtles, males and females are the same size. In adulthood, male sea turtles can be distinguished from females by their long tails, with a cloacal opening near the tip. In contrast, adult female sea turtles have shorter tails, with a cloacal opening near the base. Hatchlings and sub-adult turtles do not exhibit sexual dimorphism, making it impossible to determine their sex by appearance alone.

Sea Urchin

Sea urchins, commonly known as urchins, are spiny, globular animals that belong to the class Echinoidea within the phylum Echinodermata. There are approximately 950 species of sea urchins, which inhabit the seabed across all oceans and various depth zones, from the intertidal areas to depths of 5,000 meters (16,000 feet; 2,700 fathoms). Their hard shells, known as tests, are typically round and spiny, measuring between 3 and 10 cm (1 to 4 inches) in diameter. Sea urchins move slowly by crawling with their tube feet and occasionally propelling themselves with their spines.

Seagull

The seagull, more accurately known as the gull, is a familiar seabird belonging to the family Laridae, with over 50 species worldwide. These birds are highly adaptable and can be found in coastal regions, inland lakes and even urban areas across the globe. Gulls typically range in size from small to large, with wingspans varying from 12 inches to over 5 feet (30 cm to 1.5 meters) depending on the species. They are known for their white and gray plumage, with some species having distinctive markings or patterns on their wings.

Gulls are opportunistic feeders and have a diverse diet that includes fish, small mammals, insects and scavenged food from human sources.

Seahorse

A seahorse (also written as sea-horse and sea horse) refers to any of the 46 species of small marine bony fish. Seahorses are predominantly found in shallow tropical and temperate saltwater environments around the world, ranging from about 45°S to 45°N. They inhabit sheltered areas such as seagrass beds, estuaries, coral reefs and mangroves. Seahorses vary in size from 1.5 to 35 cm (0.6 to 13.8 inches). They are named for their horse-like appearance, characterized by bent necks, long snouted heads and distinctive trunks and tails.

Seal

The seal, a diverse group of marine mammals belonging to the family Phocidae, is characterized by their streamlined bodies, flipper-like limbs and ability to thrive in both Arctic and Antarctic regions as well as temperate waters worldwide. Seals range in size from the smaller species like the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), which can weigh up to 370 pounds (170 kg), to larger species like the elephant seal (Mirounga), which can exceed 8,800 pounds (4,000 kg). They are well-adapted to aquatic life, with a thick layer of blubber for insulation and buoyancy.

Sealyham Terrier

The Sealyham Terrier (Welsh: Daeargi Sealyham) is a rare Welsh breed of small to medium-sized terrier that originated in Wales as a working dog. This breed is predominantly white-bodied with a rough coat and was developed in the mid-to-late 19th century. According to the Kennel Club breed standard, the height of a Sealyham Terrier should not exceed 31 centimeters (12 inches) at the withers, or the top of the shoulder blade.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) standard specifies a height of “about” 10.5 inches at the withers. The Kennel Club states that the weight for a Sealyham Terrier should be 8 kilograms (18 pounds) for females and 9 kilograms (20 pounds) for males, while the AKC standard indicates a weight of 23 to 24 pounds for males, with females being slightly lighter.

Sedge Warbler

The sedge warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus), one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a medium-sized Old World warbler belonging to the genus Acrocephalus. It is characterized by its brown, streaked back and wings, along with a distinct pale supercilium (eyebrow stripe). Measuring 11.5–13 cm (4.5–5.1 inches) in length and weighing around 12 grams (0.42 ounces), the sedge warbler has pale underparts and a warm brown, unstreaked rump that contrasts with its duller wings. Its forehead is flattened and the crown is streaked with black. The bill is strong and pointed and it has prominent whitish supercilium. The legs are greyish in color.

Sehuencas Water Frog

The Sehuencas water frog (Telmatobius yuracare) is a species of frog in the family Telmatobiidae, endemic to Bolivia. This frog inhabits subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers and freshwater marshes. It is currently threatened by habitat loss. Conservation efforts for the Sehuencas water frog have been spearheaded by the K’ayra Center, led by herpetologist Teresa Camacho Badani at the Museo de Historia Natural Alcide d’Orbigny (MHNC) in Cochabamba.

Sei Whale

The sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) is a baleen whale and one of ten rorqual species, making it the third-largest member of this group after the blue and fin whales. Sei whales can grow up to 19.5 meters (64 feet) in length and weigh as much as 28 tonnes (28 long tons; 31 short tons). There are two recognized subspecies: B. b. borealis and B. b. schlegelii. Typically, the sei whale’s body is dark steel grey with sporadic markings on its ventral surface that range from light grey to white. Notably, the sei whale is among the fastest cetaceans, capable of reaching speeds up to 50 km/h (31 mph) over short distances.

Senegal Parrot

The Senegal parrot (Poicephalus senegalus) is a resident breeder across a wide range of West Africa. This parrot migrates within West Africa based on the availability of fruits, seeds and blossoms, which constitute its diet. Often regarded as a farm pest in Africa, it frequently feeds on crops such as maize and millet. The Senegal parrot is also popular in aviculture. These parrots measure about 23 centimeters (9.1 inches) in length and weigh between 120 to 170 grams (4.2 to 6.0 ounces). They have relatively large heads and beaks for their size and their feathers form a short, broad tail.

Senepol Cattle

The Senepol cattle breed, originating from the Caribbean island of St. Croix, is renowned for its adaptability to tropical climates and exceptional heat tolerance. Developed from a crossbreeding program initiated in the early 20th century, Senepol cattle are characterized by their smooth red coat, which helps reflect sunlight and reduce heat stress. Bulls typically weigh between 1,800 to 2,200 pounds (800 to 1,000 kg), with cows slightly smaller. Known for their docile temperament and efficient feed conversion, Senepol cattle are prized for beef production, yielding lean, tender meat with excellent marbling.

Sequined Spider

The sequined spider (Thwaitesia sp.) is a striking and small species found primarily in Southeast Asia, known for its reflective, glitter-like appearance. These spiders belong to the family Theridiidae, which includes cobweb spiders and are characterized by their tiny size, typically measuring less than 5 mm in length. The sequined spider’s abdomen is covered in specialized scales or setae that give it a shiny, iridescent appearance, resembling sequins or jewels. This unique feature serves multiple purposes, including camouflage and communication.

Serval

The serval (Leptailurus serval) is a wild cat native to Africa, commonly found in sub-Saharan countries except in rainforest regions. It inhabits protected areas throughout its range, where hunting is either prohibited or regulated. The serval is a solitary carnivore that is active both during the day and at night. Its diet mainly consists of rodents, especially vlei rats, as well as small birds, frogs, insects and reptiles. The serval, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, uses its acute sense of hearing to locate prey and is known for its impressive leaping ability, capable of jumping over 2 meters (6 feet 7 inches) to pounce on prey with its forefeet. It then kills its catch with a bite to the neck or head.

Seymouria

Seymouria is an extinct genus of seymouriamorphs from the Early Permian period, found in North America and Europe. Individuals of this genus were robustly built, featuring a large head, short neck, stocky limbs and broad feet. Despite their sturdy appearance, even the largest specimens were relatively small, reaching only about 60 cm (2 feet) in length. The skull of Seymouria was boxy and roughly triangular when viewed from above, but it was lower and longer compared to most other seymouriamorphs.

Shantungosaurus

Shantungosaurus (meaning “Shandong Lizard”) is a genus of very large saurolophine hadrosaurid dinosaur, with Shantungosaurus giganteus being one of the largest known ornithischians. The type skull of Shantungosaurus measures 1.63 meters (5.3 feet) in length. The composite skeleton mounted at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing measures 14.7 meters (48 feet) in length. Another mounted skeleton, initially referred to as Zhuchengosaurus maximus, measures 16.6 meters (54 feet) in length.

Shark

Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish distinguished by their cartilaginous skeletons, five to seven gill slits on the sides of their heads and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. They vary significantly in size, from the small dwarf lanternshark (Etmopterus perryi), a deep-sea species measuring only 17 centimeters (6.7 inches) in length, to the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), the largest fish in the world, reaching approximately 12 meters (40 feet) in length. Sharks inhabit all seas and are commonly found at depths of up to 2,000 meters (6,600 feet).

Sharp-Shinned Hawk

The sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus), also known as the northern sharp-shinned hawk or commonly as a sharpie, is a small hawk species, with males being the smallest hawks found in the United States and Canada. This small Accipiter hawk measures 23 to 30 cm (9.1 to 11.8 inches) in length, has a wingspan of 42 to 58 cm (17 to 23 inches) and weighs between 82 to 115 grams (2.9 to 4.1 ounces). As is typical in Accipiter hawks, females are notably larger than males, averaging about 30% longer and weighing over 50% more.

Sharp-Tailed Snake

The sharp-tailed snake (Contia tenuis), also known as the sharptail snake, is a small, nonvenomous species of snake in the family Colubridae. As an adult, it typically measures 12 to 18 inches (30 to 46 cm) in total length, including the tail. This snake is characterized by its distinctive sharp tail spine, which is the protruding tip of the last tail vertebra. The spine is not toxic and cannot harm humans; instead, it is used to stabilize small prey, such as slugs, during consumption.

Shastasaurus

Shastasaurus (“Mount Shasta lizard”) is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Late Triassic period. Fossils of this genus have been discovered in the United States, Canada and China. Shastasaurus was highly specialized and differed significantly from other ichthyosaurs, featuring a very slender profile. For example, S. sikanniensis had a ribcage just under 2 meters (6.6 feet) deep, despite the flippers being over 7 meters (23 feet) apart. Unlike most ichthyosaurs, which had longer, toothed, dolphin-like snouts, Shastasaurus had an unusually short and toothless snout, leading to the hypothesis that it was a suction feeder.

Sheep

Sheep or domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are domesticated ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. They are relatively small ruminants, usually characterized by their crimped hair known as wool and often possessing horns that form a lateral spiral. Domestic sheep differ from their wild relatives and ancestors in several ways, primarily due to selective breeding by humans, which has resulted in unique neotenic traits. However, a few primitive breeds retain some characteristics of their wild counterparts, such as short tails.

Sheepadoodle

The Sheepadoodle is a crossbreed dog that results from the mating of a Old English Sheepdog and a Poodle, typically a Standard Poodle. This hybrid is known for its fluffy coat that can be curly or wavy, often inheriting the Poodle’s hypoallergenic qualities. Sheepadoodles vary in size, depending on whether they are bred from a Standard Poodle or a Miniature Poodle, typically ranging from 24 to 27 inches (61 to 68 cm) in height and weighing between 45 to 80 pounds (20 to 36 kg). They are characterized by their friendly and sociable nature, making them excellent family pets and therapy dogs.

Sheepshead Fish

The sheepshead fish (Archosargus probatocephalus) is a distinctive marine species found along the Atlantic coast of North America, from Nova Scotia to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico. Known for its robust body and strong, human-like teeth that resemble those of sheep, sheepshead fish typically measure between 14 to 20 inches (36 to 51 cm) in length, with some specimens reaching up to 30 inches (76 cm). They have a deep, compressed body shape with prominent vertical stripes that can vary in intensity based on age and habitat.

Shepkita

The Shepkita, a crossbreed between the German Shepherd and Akita breeds, typically weighs between 75 to 120 pounds (34 to 54 kilograms) and stands 22 to 28 inches (56 to 71 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. These dogs are known for their strong, muscular build and can live up to 12 years.

Shepkitas, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, inherit traits such as intelligence, loyalty and protective instincts from both parent breeds, making them well-suited for roles such as service dogs and family protectors. Their coat is usually dense and double-layered, requiring regular grooming to manage shedding. As highly trainable dogs, they excel in obedience training and thrive in active households where they receive mental stimulation and physical exercise.

Shepweiler

The Shepweiler, also known as a Rottweiler-German Shepherd mix, combines the robust characteristics of both parent breeds. Typically weighing between 75 to 110 pounds (34 to 50 kilograms) and standing 22 to 27 inches (56 to 69 centimeters) tall at the shoulder, Shepweilers, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are sturdy and muscular dogs known for their protective instincts and intelligence. They often have a short to medium-length coat that can vary in color, commonly featuring shades of black, tan and brown. Known for their loyalty and strong bond with their families, Shepweilers make excellent guard dogs and companions.

Shetland Sheepdog

The Shetland Sheepdog, commonly known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands of Scotland. The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909. The Shetland Sheepdog resembles a miniature Rough Collie in appearance. They are small dogs with a well-shaped head and a double coat. Their long outer coat, which becomes shorter around the face to give the appearance of a mane, is harsh-textured and straight. The undercoat is soft, short and close to the skin, providing additional insulation.

Shiba Inu

The Shiba Inu is a breed of hunting dog from Japan. This small-to-medium breed is the smallest of the six original dog breeds native to Japan. Its name translates to “brushwood dog,” referring to its use in flushing game. The Shiba Inu has a double coat, with a stiff and straight outer coat and a soft, thick undercoat. Its fur is short and even on the foxlike face, ears and legs. The guard hairs, which stand off the body and measure about 4 to 5 cm (1.5 to 2 inches) long at the withers, protect the underlying skin and repel rain or snow.

Shichi

The Shichi, a crossbreed resulting from the mix of a Shih Tzu and Chihuahua, combines the small size and charming personality of both parent breeds. Typically weighing between 4 to 12 pounds (1.8 to 5.4 kilograms) and standing 6 to 10 inches (15 to 25 centimeters) tall at the shoulder, Shichis are compact dogs known for their lively and affectionate nature. They often have a coat that varies in length and texture, requiring moderate grooming to keep it healthy and tangle-free. Shichis inherit a playful demeanor from both the Shih Tzu and Chihuahua, making them delightful companions for households of all sizes, particularly those looking for a small, spirited dog with a big personality.

Shih Poo

The Shih Poo, a popular crossbreed between a Shih Tzu and a Poodle, blends the endearing traits of both parent breeds into a charming and adaptable companion. These dogs typically weigh between 8 to 18 pounds (3.6 to 8.2 kilograms) and stand around 8 to 15 inches (20 to 38 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. Known for their hypoallergenic coat that varies in texture and can be curly or straight, Shih Poos often come in a variety of colors, including white, black, brown and combinations thereof.

Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu is a toy dog breed that originated in Tibet and is believed to be a cross between the Pekingese and the Lhasa Apso. This breed is highly adaptable to various living situations but is known for its independent nature, making it less likely to be very obedient.

Shih Tzus, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have a soft, long double coat that requires regular brushing every 2 to 3 days to prevent tangling and matting. They should stand no more than 26.7 cm (10.5 inches) at the withers and ideally weigh between 4.0 to 7.5 kg (9 to 17 pounds). The breed features floppy ears covered with long fur and a heavily furred tail that curls over the back. Curious for more? Read the full article here!

Shikoku

The Shikoku Inu is a Japanese breed of dog originating from Shikoku Island. It was designated a culturally important national treasure by Japan in 1937. The Shikoku is one of the six native Japanese breeds, intermediate in size between the large Akita Inu and the small Shiba Inu, all of which belong to the Spitz family of dogs. The Shikoku stands 18.1 to 21.6 inches (46 to 55 cm) tall at the withers and typically comes in sesame (red with black tipping), black and tan, or red coats. The sesame coats can vary in saturation, categorized as red sesame, sesame, or black sesame. Additionally, there is a cream-colored coat, which is rarely seen and not accepted as a standard color for the breed.

Shiloh Shepherd

The Shiloh Shepherd, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a variety of the German Shepherd that was developed in the United States during the 1970s and 1980s. This breed was created to address behavioral and conformational issues present in modern German Shepherds. The Shiloh Shepherd was bred for its large size, longer back, temperament and hip soundness. It has been recognized by the American Rare Breed Association since 1990.

Shiranian

The Shiranian, a crossbreed resulting from the mix of a Shih Tzu and a Pomeranian, combines the endearing qualities of both parent breeds into a small and affectionate companion dog. Typically weighing between 4 to 16 pounds (1.8 to 7.3 kilograms) and standing around 7 to 12 inches (18 to 30 centimeters) tall at the shoulder, Shiranians are known for their fluffy coat that can vary in length and texture, often requiring regular grooming to maintain its softness and prevent matting.

Shoebill Stork

The shoebill (Balaeniceps rex), also known as the shoebill stork, whalebill, whale-headed stork, or shoe-billed stork, is a large, long-legged wading bird. It stands tall, typically ranging from 110 to 140 cm (43 to 55 inches) in height, with some individuals reaching up to 152 cm (60 inches). The bird’s length from tail to beak ranges from 100 to 140 cm (39 to 55 inches) and it has an impressive wingspan of 230 to 260 cm (7 feet 7 inches to 8 feet 6 inches). The shoebill’s weight varies between 4 and 7 kg (8.8 to 15.4 pounds).

Shollie

The Shollie, a hybrid breed resulting from the cross between a German Shepherd and a Border Collie, combines the intelligence, athleticism and herding instincts of both parent breeds. These dogs typically weigh between 30 to 65 pounds (14 to 29 kilograms) and stand 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. Shollies, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are known for their sturdy build, often displaying a medium to large size with a dense double coat that requires regular grooming to manage shedding. They inherit the Border Collie’s high energy levels and keen intellect, along with the German Shepherd’s loyalty and protective instincts.

Short-Eared Owl

The short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) is a widespread grassland species in the family Strigidae. This medium-sized owl measures 34–43 cm (13–17 inches) in length and weighs between 206–475 g (7.3–16.8 ounces). It is characterized by its large eyes, big head, short neck and broad wings. The short-eared owl has a short, strong, hooked black bill. Its plumage is mottled tawny to brown, with a barred tail and wings. The owl’s call is a scratchy, bark-like sound and it commonly produces raspy waowk, waowk, waowk or toot-toot-toot-toot-toot sounds.

Short-Faced Bear

The short-faced bear, also known as Arctodus, was a formidable predator that roamed North America during the Pleistocene epoch. It stood out for its distinctive features, notably its large size and unique adaptations. Arctodus reached heights of up to 12 feet (3.6 meters) when standing on its hind legs, making it one of the largest terrestrial mammals of its time. Unlike modern bears, it had a shorter, more robust face with a powerful bite force, specialized for hunting large prey such as bison and mammoths. Its extinction around 11,000 years ago is believed to have been influenced by changing climate patterns.

Shortfin Mako Shark

The shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), also known as the shortfin mako, blue pointer, or bonito shark, is a large mackerel shark. Both the shortfin mako and the longfin mako shark (Isurus paucus) are commonly referred to as mako sharks. The shortfin mako can grow up to 4 meters (13 feet) in length and weigh up to 570 kg (1,260 pounds). The species is classified as Endangered by the IUCN. It inhabits offshore temperate and tropical seas worldwide. The closely related longfin mako shark is typically found in the Gulf Stream or other warmer offshore waters, such as those around New Zealand and Maine.

Shrew

Shrews (family Soricidae) are small, mole-like mammals classified in the order Eulipotyphla. Despite their external appearance resembling a long-nosed mouse, shrews are not rodents. They are more closely related to hedgehogs and moles, with their connection to rodents lying in their shared membership within the Boreoeutheria magnorder. Unlike rodents, which have gnawing front incisor teeth, shrews possess sharp, spike-like teeth.

The largest species of shrew is the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) from tropical Asia, measuring about 15 cm (6 inches) in length and weighing around 100 grams (3.5 ounces). The Etruscan shrew (Suncus etruscus), at approximately 3.5 cm (1.375 inches) and 1.8 grams (28 grains), holds the title of the smallest known living terrestrial mammal.

Shrimp

A shrimp, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a type of crustacean, which is a form of shellfish. Shrimp are widespread and can be found near the seafloor of most coasts and estuaries, as well as in rivers and lakes. There are numerous species of shrimp, with each typically adapted to a specific habitat. While the majority of shrimp species are marine, approximately a quarter of the described species are found in freshwater environments.

Siamese

The Siamese cat (Maeo Sayam) is one of the first distinctly recognized breeds of Asian cats. It is derived from the Wichianmat landrace, one of several cat varieties native to Thailand. The breed standard for the modern Siamese cat includes an elongated, tubular and muscular body, along with a triangular head that forms a perfect triangle from the tip of the nose to each ear tip. The eyes are almond-shaped and light blue, while the ears are large, wide-based and positioned towards the sides of the head.

Siberian

The Siberian, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a centuries-old landrace (natural variety) of domestic cat from Russia, which has been formally developed into a breed with established standards worldwide since the late 1980s. Known for their exceptional agility as jumpers, Siberian cats are strong and powerfully built, with robust hindquarters and large, well-rounded paws. Despite their heavy bone structure, their legs are relatively short. They have a bushy tail that is medium in length, slightly shorter than their torso. Siberian cats vary in size from medium to large.

Siberian Husky

The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working sled dog breed that belongs to the Spitz genetic family. It is easily recognizable by its thick, double coat, erect triangular ears and distinctive markings. The Siberian Husky is smaller than the Alaskan Malamute, which has a similar appearance. The breed’s double coat is thicker than that of most other dog breeds and consists of two layers: a dense, finely wavy undercoat and a longer topcoat of thicker, straight guard hairs. This coat effectively protects the dogs from harsh Arctic winters and also helps reflect heat in the summer. Siberian Huskies can withstand temperatures as low as −50 to −60 °C (−58 to −76 °F).

Siberian Ibex

The Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), also known by various regional names such as Altai ibex, Asian ibex, Central Asian ibex, Gobi ibex, Himalayan ibex, Mongolian ibex and Tian Shan ibex, is a polytypic species of ibex, which are wild relatives of goats and sheep.

Siberian ibexes are large and heavily built goats, although their size can vary significantly. Males stand between 88 and 110 cm (35 and 43 inches) at the shoulder and weigh between 60 and 130 kg (130 and 290 pounds). Females are noticeably smaller, with shoulder heights ranging from 67 to 92 cm (26 and 36 inches) and weights between 34 and 56 kg (75 and 123 pounds).

Siberian Retriever

The Siberian Retriever, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a hybrid dog breed that combines the Siberian Husky and the Labrador Retriever. These dogs typically inherit a blend of traits from both parent breeds, making them versatile and energetic companions. Siberian Retrievers often exhibit the Husky’s striking appearance with a sturdy build, erect ears and a thick double coat that can come in various colors. They are known for their friendly and outgoing temperament, as well as their intelligence and loyalty.

Siberian Tiger

The Siberian tiger, also known as the Amur tiger, is a population of the tiger subspecies Panthera tigris tigris native to the Russian Far East, Northeast China and possibly North Korea. It has been referred to by various names depending on the region, including “Amur tiger,” “Manchurian tiger,” “Korean tiger,” and “Ussurian tiger.”

The Siberian tiger has a reddish-rusty or rusty-yellow coat with narrow black transverse stripes. Its body length is at least 150 cm (59 inches), with a condylobasal skull length of 250 mm (9.8 inches), a zygomatic width of 180 mm (7.1 inches) and an upper carnassial tooth length of over 26 mm (1.0 inch). It has an elongated, supple body supported by relatively short legs and a fairly long tail.

Siberpoo

The Siberpoo, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a crossbreed resulting from the mix of a Siberian Husky and a Poodle. These dogs combine the energetic and intelligent traits of both parent breeds, making them lively and affectionate companions. Siberpoos typically have a medium to large size, weighing between 30 to 60 pounds (14 to 27 kilograms) and standing around 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They often inherit the Poodle’s hypoallergenic coat, which can vary in texture from curly to wavy and may come in a variety of colors.

Sichuan Takin

The Sichuan takin, also known as the Tibetan takin (Budorcas taxicolor tibetana), is a subspecies of the takin, a goat-antelope. This species is listed as vulnerable and is native to Tibet as well as the provinces of Sichuan, Gansu and Xinjiang in China. The Sichuan takin inhabits dense bamboo forests, similar to those of the giant panda. They live in family groups of up to 30 individuals within these dense thickets and bamboo groves. Adaptations of the Sichuan takin help them remain warm and dry during the harsh winters in the Himalayan Mountains.

Sidewinder

The sidewinder, also known as the horned rattlesnake (Crotalus cerastes), is a fascinating species of venomous pit viper found in the deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Named for its distinctive method of locomotion, the sidewinder moves in a sideways motion that allows it to navigate the hot, shifting sands of its arid habitat with remarkable efficiency. Typically measuring between 18 to 30 inches (45 to 75 centimeters) in length, sidewinders are relatively small rattlesnakes, identifiable by the horn-like scales above their eyes. These specialized scales are thought to help protect their eyes from the sand.

Sika Deer

The sika deer (Cervus nippon), also known as the Northern spotted deer or the Japanese deer, is a species of deer native to much of East Asia and has been introduced to various other regions around the world. Unlike most other deer species, sika deer do not lose their spots upon reaching maturity. The pattern of spots varies by region; mainland subspecies typically have larger and more prominent spots compared to the Taiwanese and Japanese subspecies. Males generally weigh between 68–109 kg (150–240 lb), while females weigh around 45–50 kg (100–110 lb). Large stags can weigh up to 160 kg (350 lb).

Silken Windhound

The Silken Windhound is an American breed of sighthound known for its exceptional coursing abilities, like most sighthounds. These dogs are graceful and small- to medium-sized, featuring silky, mid-length coats. Their coat colors range from white to black, with variations including brilliant brindles and solid red. They can also be spotted, tuxedo-marked, or solid-colored. Silken Windhounds, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are affectionate and playful, making them excellent companions for families with children.

Silkie Chicken

The Silkie, also known as the Silky or Chinese silk chicken, is a distinctive breed of chicken renowned for its exceptionally fluffy plumage, which feels like silk and satin. This breed possesses several unique traits, including black skin and bones, blue earlobes and five toes on each foot, while most chickens typically have only four. Standard Silkies are relatively small, with males weighing around 1.8 kilograms (4 pounds) and females weighing about 1.4 kilograms (3 pounds).

Silky Shark

The silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis), known by various names such as blackspot shark, gray whaler shark, olive shark, ridgeback shark, sickle shark, sickle-shaped shark and sickle silk shark, is a species of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae. It features a slender, streamlined body and typically grows to a length of about 2.5 meters (8 feet 2 inches). The silky shark has a cosmopolitan distribution in marine waters warmer than 23 °C (73 °F). In the Atlantic Ocean, it ranges from Massachusetts (USA) to Spain in the north and from southern Brazil to northern Angola in the south, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.

Silky Terrier

The Australian Silky Terrier, or simply Silky Terrier (depending on the breed registry), is a small breed of dog belonging to the terrier group. Although developed in Australia, the breed’s ancestral types and breeds originated in Great Britain. The Australian Silky Terrier is a small, compact, short-legged terrier, standing 23 to 26 cm (9.1 to 10.2 inches) at the withers. It is known for being alert and active. An identifying feature of this breed is its long, silky coat, which can be grey and white or blue and tan. The coat hangs straight and is parted along the back, described as “flat, fine and glossy.”

Silver Dollar

Silver dollar, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a common name given to several species of fish, mostly in the genus Metynnis, which belong to the family Serrasalmidae. These tropical fish are typically considered semi-aggressive, although some individuals can be quite mellow. Silver dollars can be kept in community tanks with fish that are too large to fit in their mouths. Once fully grown, they can coexist with larger fish such as oscars, pikes and larger catfish.

Silver Labrador

The Silver Labrador, a unique variation of the Labrador Retriever, is known for its striking coat color that ranges from a light, silvery-gray to a deeper charcoal shade. This distinctive color is a result of a dilute gene affecting the typical chocolate Lab coat, creating a metallic sheen that sets Silver Labradors apart from their yellow, black and chocolate counterparts. Despite their unusual coloring, Silver Labradors share the same friendly, outgoing temperament and high intelligence that make Labradors one of the most popular dog breeds in the world.

Simbakubwa

Simbakubwa (“great lion”) is an extinct genus of hyaenodonts belonging to the family Hyainailourinae, which lived in Kenya during the early Miocene. Different regression models produce a wide range of body mass estimates for Simbakubwa kutokaafrika. The lower estimates suggest a body mass of around 280 kg (620 lb), comparable to the largest lions. Upper estimates, however, suggest it may have reached up to 1,308 to 1,554 kg (2,884 to 3,426 lb), indicating it was one of the largest carnivorous mammals known.

Sinosauropteryx

Sinosauropteryx, one of the fascinating animals starting with S, is a compsognathid dinosaur described in 1996. It was the first dinosaur taxon outside of Avialae (birds and their immediate relatives) to be found with evidence of feathers. This small theropod was covered with a coat of simple filament-like feathers. It had an unusually long tail and short arms. The longest known specimen reaches up to 1.07 meters (3.51 feet) in length and is estimated to weigh around 0.55 kilograms (1.21 pounds).

Sivatherium

Sivatherium is an extinct genus of giraffid that lived throughout Africa and Eurasia. The species Sivatherium giganteum is one of the largest known giraffids by weight and ranks among the largest ruminants of all time. Sivatherium resembled the modern okapi but was significantly larger and more robust. It stood about 2.2 meters (7.2 feet) tall at the shoulder and reached a total height of 3 meters (9.8 feet), with an estimated weight of up to 400–500 kg (880–1,100 pounds). More recent estimates suggest a body mass of approximately 1,250 kg (2,760 pounds) or even 1,360 kg (3,000 pounds).

Six-Eyed Sand Spiders

Hexophthalma (six-eyed sand spider) is a genus of spiders in the family Sicariidae. Originally established in 1878 under the name Hexomma, the genus was later merged into Sicarius in the 1890s. It remained unused until 2017, when it was revived after it was determined that the African species classified under Sicarius were distinct. Members of the genus are commonly referred to as six-eyed sand spiders. Species of Hexophthalma produce venom with necrotic (dermonecrotic) effects, capable of causing serious or even life-threatening wounds. The severity of the wounds can increase if they become infected or if the venom spreads throughout the body.

Sixgill shark

The sixgill sharks, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, belong to the genus Hexanchus, part of the family Hexanchidae. These deepwater sharks are distinguished by their broad, pointed heads, six pairs of gill slits, comb-like yellow lower teeth and long tails. The largest species can grow up to 8 meters (26 feet) in length and weigh over 600 kilograms (1,320 pounds). Sixgill sharks inhabit the continental shelf and abyssal plain, where they act as scavengers with a keen sense of smell. They are often among the first to arrive at carrion, alongside hagfish and rattails. When feeding, they exhibit a characteristic rolling motion of the head.

Skate Fish

Skates are cartilaginous fish belonging to the family Rajidae in the superorder Batoidea, which also includes rays. There are over 150 described species of skates, spread across 17 genera. Like other members of the class Chondrichthyes, skates have a skeleton made of cartilage. They share a flat body shape with flat pectoral fins extending the length of their bodies, similar to rays and other Rajiformes. This flat structure allows for powerful forward propulsion, enabling skates to effectively swim and colonize the sea floor.

Skeleton Tarantula

The skeleton tarantula, Ephebopus murinus, is a species of spider belonging to the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas) and the sub-family Aviculariinae. Adult skeleton tarantulas typically have a leg span of about 11–12 cm (4.5 inches), with females capable of reaching up to 15 cm (6 inches). Their legs are black, their abdomen is small and brown and their carapace is coffee-colored or golden. The leg striping of the skeleton tarantula is similar to that of Aphonopelma seemani but tends to be more yellowish in color.

Skink Lizard

Skinks, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are a diverse family of lizards known as Scincidae, encompassing over 1,500 species found worldwide, from tropical rainforests to arid deserts. These lizards are characterized by their smooth, shiny scales, elongated bodies and short legs, although some species have evolved with reduced or even absent limbs, resembling snakes. Skinks can range in size from a few inches to over a foot in length.

One of the most well-known skink species is the blue-tongued skink, native to Australia, which uses its vivid blue tongue to deter predators. Skinks are primarily insectivorous, feeding on a diet of insects and other small invertebrates.

Skipjack Tuna

The skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is a perciform fish in the tuna family, Scombridae and is the sole member of the genus Katsuwonus. It is also referred to as katsuo, arctic bonito, mushmouth, oceanic bonito, striped tuna, or victor fish. The skipjack tuna, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, can grow up to 1 meter (3 feet) in length and is found in tropical and warm-temperate waters around the world. It is a cosmopolitan pelagic fish and holds significant importance for fisheries.

Skua

The skuas are a group of predatory seabirds comprising seven species within the genus Stercorarius. Outside the breeding season, skuas feed on fish, offal and carrion. Many skuas engage in kleptoparasitism, which accounts for up to 95% of their feeding behavior during the winter. This involves chasing gulls, terns and other seabirds to steal their catches. Skuas nest on the ground in temperate and Arctic regions and are known for their long-distance migrations. Remarkably, they have even been sighted at the South Pole.

Skunk

Skunks are mammals belonging to the family Mephitidae. They are best known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor from their anal glands as a defense mechanism. Skunk species vary in appearance, with some displaying black-and-white coloration, while others may be brown, cream, or ginger-colored. All skunks possess warning coloration to deter predators. Though related to polecats and other members of the weasel family, skunks’ closest relatives are the Old World stink badgers.

Skye Terrier

The Skye Terrier is a Scottish dog breed known for its long, low and hardy physique. According to the Kennel Club, it is considered “one of the most endangered native dog breeds in the United Kingdom.” The Skye Terrier has a double coat, featuring a short, soft undercoat and a hard, straight topcoat. The shorter hair on the head covers the forehead and eyes, forming a moderate beard. The ears are typically well feathered and in prick-eared examples, the hair falls like a fringe, accentuating the form and blending with the side locks.

Sleeper Shark

Sleeper sharks, belonging to the family Somniosidae, are deep-sea sharks known for their sluggish movements and remarkable adaptations to cold, dark ocean environments. One of the most well-known species is the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), which inhabits the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. These sharks can reach impressive lengths of up to 21 feet (6.4 meters) and are among the longest-living vertebrates, with lifespans estimated to be over 400 years.

Sloth

Sloths are a Neotropical group of xenarthran mammals within the suborder Folivora, which includes both the extant arboreal tree sloths and the extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Renowned for their slow movement, tree sloths spend the majority of their lives hanging upside down in the trees of South America’s and Central America’s tropical rainforests.

Sloths, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, typically measure 60 to 80 cm (24 to 31 inches) in length and weigh between 3.6 to 7.7 kg (7.9 to 17.0 pounds), depending on the species. Two-toed sloths are generally slightly larger than three-toed sloths. They possess long limbs and rounded heads with tiny ears and three-toed sloths have stubby tails measuring about 5 to 6 cm (2.0 to 2.4 inches) in length.

Slovak Cuvac

The Slovak Cuvac is a Slovak breed of dog, traditionally bred for use as a livestock guard dog. The body of the Slovak Cuvac is slightly longer than it is tall, with a strong and slightly sloped spinal ridge. Its tail hangs low, reaching the hock joints. The breed has well-rounded ribs that extend to the elbow joints, with a slightly pulled belly and flanks. The Slovak Cuvac’s legs are straight, positioned vertically to the body and well-angled. Its paws are compact and rounded, with the hind paws being slightly longer than the front paws. The neck of the Slovak Cuvac is roughly as long as its head.

Slow Worm

The slowworm (Anguis fragilis) is a legless lizard native to western Eurasia, also known as a deaf adder, slow worm, blindworm and regionally as a long-cripple or hazelworm. Slowworms have elongated, limbless bodies with a circular cross-section, reaching a maximum length of up to 57.5 cm (22.6 inches). Most adults are between 40 and 45 cm (15.7 and 17.7 inches) long, with the head and trunk section making up to 22 cm (8.7 inches) and the tail comprising the rest. They lack a visible neck and their tail, ending in a horny tip, is continuous with the trunk and often slightly longer.

Slug

Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any terrestrial gastropod mollusc that appears to be shell-less. The term “slug” is also frequently used to describe any gastropod mollusc with no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, including sea slugs and semi-slugs. Slugs have bodies that are primarily composed of water and without a full-sized shell, their soft tissues are susceptible to desiccation. To prevent drying out, slugs must produce protective mucus. Many species are most active just after rain due to the moist ground, or during nighttime when humidity levels are higher.

Smallmouth Bass

The smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae). Smallmouth bass have a slender yet muscular fusiform body shape, making them powerful swimmers. Their ctenoid scales display a coloration ranging from golden-olive to dark brown dorsally, fading to a yellowish-white ventrally, with dark brown vertical bars or blotches along the body and dark brown horizontal bars on the head. Smallmouth bass prefer clearer water compared to largemouth bass, typically inhabiting streams, rivers, rocky areas, stumps and sandy bottoms of lakes and reservoirs.

Smilosuchus

Smilosuchus, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is an extinct genus of leptosuchomorph parasuchid from the Late Triassic period in North America. Like all phytosaurs, Smilosuchus had nostrils positioned close to the top of its head. The rostral crest and nasal bulge supporting these raised nostrils were more pronounced in Smilosuchus than in many other phytosaurs. Its skull was notably large, measuring up to 155 cm (61 inches) in length. Estimates for the overall body length of Smilosuchus vary, ranging from 7 meters (23 feet) to 12 meters (39 feet).

Smokybrown Cockroach

The smokybrown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa) is a large species of cockroach, characterized by its wings and growing to a length of 32–35 millimeters (1.3–1.4 inches). As a detritivore, the smokybrown cockroach feeds on a wide range of organic matter, including decaying materials. This species is very common in Japan, the southern United States and tropical climates. While the smokybrown cockroach may venture indoors during daylight hours in search of food and potentially for shelter, it generally prefers to stay outdoors in warm weather.

Smooth Earth Snake

The smooth earth snake (Virginia valeriae) is a nonvenomous natricine colubrid snake native to the eastern half of the United States, ranging from Texas and Iowa to New Jersey and Florida. This small, fossorial species spends most of its time buried in loose soil or leaf litter. The diet of the smooth earth snake primarily consists of earthworms and soft-bodied arthropods.

Smooth Fox Terrier

The Smooth Fox Terrier, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a breed of dog and one of many terrier breeds. It was the first breed in the fox terrier family to receive official recognition by The Kennel Club around 1875, with the breed standard established in 1876. Although not widely popular today outside of hunting and show circles, the Smooth Fox Terrier is well known and highly significant due to the large number of terrier breeds believed to have descended from it.

Smooth Green Snake

The smooth green snake (Opheodrys vernalis) is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae, native to North America. Also known as the grass snake, it is a slender species, typically measuring 36–51 cm (14–20 inches) as an adult. The name “smooth green snake” derives from its smooth dorsal scales, which differentiate it from the rough green snake, which has keeled dorsal scales. The smooth green snake inhabits marshes, meadows, open woods and stream edges and is found in regions of Canada, the United States and northern Mexico.

Smooth Hammerhead Shark

The smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) is a species of hammerhead shark belonging to the family Sphyrnidae. It is the second-largest hammerhead shark, after the great hammerhead shark and can grow up to 5 meters (16 feet) in length. The smooth hammerhead is an active predator, feeding on a wide variety of bony fishes and invertebrates. Larger individuals may also prey on other sharks and rays. Like other members of its family, the smooth hammerhead is viviparous, giving birth to litters of 20–40 pups.

Smooth Snake

The smooth snake (Coronella austriaca) is a non-venomous snake species in the family Colubridae. It is found in northern and central Europe, extending as far east as northern Iran. Both sexes of the smooth snake typically grow to an average total length (including tail) of about 60 cm (24 inches) to 75 cm (30 inches). However, larger specimens have been recorded, including two measuring 83 cm (33 inches) in Sweden and one in Russia that was 92 cm (36 inches).

Snail

A snail is a shelled gastropod, commonly referring to land snails, which are terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. Snails exhibit a wide range of eating habits, with some species being generalists and others specialists. They primarily feed at night, consuming decaying organic matter. While land snails are often considered agricultural and garden pests, some species are regarded as edible delicacies and can even be kept as household pets. Additionally, snail mucus is used in various skin care products.

Snailfish

The snailfishes, or sea snails, are a family of marine ray-finned fishes known as Liparidae, classified within the order Scorpaeniformes. Snailfish have an elongated, tadpole-like shape with large heads relative to their bodies and small eyes. Their bodies are slender yet deep, tapering to very small tails. The extensive dorsal and anal fins may merge or nearly merge with the tail fin. Snailfish inhabit a wide range of environments, from shallow intertidal zones to depths exceeding 8,300 meters (27,200 feet) in the hadal zone, making them found in oceans worldwide.

Snake

Snakes are elongated, limbless reptiles belonging to the suborder Serpentes. Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. There are approximately 3,900 species of snakes, ranging as far north as the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and as far south as Australia.

Snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica, in various environments including the sea and at altitudes up to 16,000 feet (4,900 meters) in the Himalayan Mountains of Asia. The now-extinct Titanoboa cerrejonensis reached lengths of up to 12.8 meters (42 feet). In comparison, the largest extant snakes are the reticulated python, which can grow up to about 6.95 meters (22.8 feet) long and the green anaconda, measuring about 5.21 meters (17.1 feet) in length and considered the heaviest snake on Earth, weighing up to 97.5 kg (215 pounds).

Snapping Turtle

The snapping turtle, a common freshwater species found throughout North America, is renowned for its powerful beak-like jaws and aggressive disposition when threatened. There are two main species: the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and the alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii).

The common snapping turtle typically has a shell length of 8 to 18 inches (20 to 45 centimeters) and can weigh up to 35 pounds (16 kilograms), though some individuals grow larger. They are identifiable by their rugged, ridged shells, long tails and robust limbs.

Snook Fish

The snook fish, belonging to the Centropomidae family, is a prized catch for anglers in coastal waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean, from the Carolinas to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. There are several species of snook, but the common snook (Centropomus undecimalis) is the most well-known.

Snook are recognizable by their elongated bodies, prominent lateral lines and protruding lower jaws. They can grow up to 4.6 feet (1.4 meters) in length and weigh as much as 53 pounds (24 kilograms). Snook are renowned for their fighting spirit when hooked, making them a favorite among sport fishers.

Snorkie

The Snorkie, a delightful hybrid dog breed, is a mix between a Miniature Schnauzer and a Yorkshire Terrier. Known for their charming personalities and compact size, Snorkies typically weigh between 7 to 15 pounds (3 to 7 kilograms) and stand around 7 to 12 inches (18 to 30 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They often have a coat that combines the Schnauzer’s wiry texture with the Yorkshire Terrier’s silky softness, requiring regular grooming to keep it tangle-free and healthy.

Snouted Cobra

The snouted cobra (Naja annulifera), also known as the banded Egyptian cobra, is a highly venomous species of cobra found in Southern Africa. This species is relatively large, with adult specimens typically ranging between 1.2 and 1.8 meters (3.9 and 5.9 feet) in length, though they can grow up to 2.5 meters (8.2 feet). The coloration of their dorsal scales can vary from yellowish to greyish-brown, dark brown, or blue-black, while the ventral scales are yellow with darker mottles.

Snow Bunting

The snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) is a passerine bird in the family Calcariidae. It is an Arctic specialist, with a circumpolar Arctic breeding range throughout the northern hemisphere. The snow bunting is sexually dimorphic and is considered a medium-sized passerine bird. This ground-dwelling species is capable of walking, running and potentially jumping if necessary. It is fairly large and long-winged for a bunting, measuring about 15 cm (5.9 inches) in length with a wingspan of 32–38 cm (13–15 inches) and weighing between 30 and 40 grams (1.1–1.4 ounces).

Snow Crab

Chionoecetes, commonly known as Snow Crab, is a genus of crabs found in the northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Snow crabs are caught as far north as the Arctic Ocean, ranging from Newfoundland to Greenland and north of Norway in the Atlantic. These crabs are prepared and eaten in various ways globally. Typically, the legs are served in clusters and can be steamed, boiled, or grilled. Snow crab is also used as an ingredient in other dishes, such as snow crab macaroni and cheese.

Snow Goose

The snow goose (Anser caerulescens) is a species of goose native to North America, known for its distinct plumage variations, which include both white and dark morphs. The dark morph is often referred to as the blue goose. The name “snow goose” originates from the typically white plumage of the white morph. These geese exhibit two color morphs: the white (snow) morph, which is predominantly white with black wingtips and the gray/blue (blue) morph, which has bluish-gray plumage replacing the white except on the head, neck and tail tip.

Snow geese breed from late May to mid-August and spend more than half the year migrating to and from their warmer wintering areas. During spring migration, large flocks fly at high altitudes and migrate in significant numbers along narrow corridors, covering more than 3,000 miles (4,800 km) from their traditional wintering areas to the tundra.

Snow Leopard

The snow leopard (Panthera uncia), occasionally referred to as the ounce, is a species of large cat within the genus Panthera of the family Felidae. This species is native to the mountain ranges of Central and South Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, with the global population estimated to be fewer than 10,000 mature individuals and expected to decline by about 10% by 2040.

The snow leopard’s fur is whitish to grey with black spots on the head and neck and larger rosettes on the back, flanks and bushy tail. It has a short muzzle, a domed forehead and large nasal cavities. The fur is thick, with hairs measuring 5 to 12 cm (2.0 to 4.7 inches) in length and its underbelly is whitish.

Snowberry Clearwing Moth

The Snowberry Clearwing Moth (Hemaris diffinis) is a fascinating species of sphinx moth, commonly mistaken for a bumblebee due to its distinctive appearance and behavior. Found throughout North America, particularly in gardens and meadows, this moth is known for its transparent wings, which span about 1.5 to 2 inches (3.8 to 5 centimeters). The wings lack scales, giving them a clear, glass-like appearance, bordered by dark brown or black edges. They have robust, furry bodies with yellow and black banding, further enhancing their resemblance to bumblebees.

Snowflake Eel

The snowflake eel, also known as the snowflake moray eel (Echidna nebulosa), is a striking marine species found in the Indo-Pacific region, inhabiting coral reefs and rocky crevices. Known for its distinctive appearance, the snowflake eel has a cream-colored body adorned with black and yellow patterns resembling snowflakes, which provide excellent camouflage in its natural habitat. These eels typically grow to a length of about 2 feet (60 centimeters), though they can occasionally reach up to 3 feet (90 centimeters).

Snowshoe Hare

The snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), also known as the varying hare or snowshoe rabbit, is a species of hare native to North America. It gets its name “snowshoe” from the large size of its hind feet, which help prevent it from sinking into the snow when it hops and walks. The soles of its feet are covered in fur to protect against freezing temperatures.

For camouflage, the snowshoe hare’s fur changes color with the seasons, turning white in the winter and rusty brown in the summer, while its flanks remain white year-round. It is also distinguishable by the black tufts of fur on the edges of its ears, which are shorter than those of most other hares.

Snowy Owl

The snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus), also known as the polar owl, white owl and Arctic owl, is a large, white owl belonging to the true owl family. Snowy owls are native to the Arctic regions of both North America and the Palearctic, primarily breeding on the tundra.

The snowy owl, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a very large owl and is the largest avian predator of the High Arctic, making it one of the largest owls in the world. On average, snowy owls rank as the sixth or seventh heaviest living owl, around the fifth longest and perhaps the third longest in wing span.

Sockeye Salmon

The sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also known as red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and the rivers that discharge into it. This species of Pacific salmon is primarily red during spawning. Sockeye salmon can grow up to 84 cm (2 feet 9 inches) in length and weigh between 2.3 to 7 kg (5 to 15 pounds). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, sometimes covering distances of up to 1,600 km (1,000 miles).

Soldier Beetle

The soldier beetles, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are relatively soft-bodied, straight-sided beetles with a cosmopolitan distribution. Large males often select larger females, as body size in males correlates with their ability to secure mates and in females, it relates to their ability to evade males. Soldier beetles commonly feed on nectar and pollen and they also prey on small insects. The larvae are caterpillar-like, dark-colored, active and covered in fine hairs, which has earned them the nickname “velvet worms.” These larvae feed on the ground and in foliage, hunting eggs, small insects, snails and other small creatures.

Somali

The Somali cat is a captivating breed known for its striking appearance and lively personality. Often referred to as the “fox cat” due to its bushy tail and large, expressive eyes, the Somali cat boasts a soft, ticked coat that comes in various colors such as ruddy, red, blue and fawn. The ticking, or agouti pattern, gives the fur a shimmering effect, with each hair having multiple bands of color.

Somalis typically weigh between 6 to 12 pounds (2.7 to 5.4 kilograms) and have a lithe, muscular build. They are known for their high energy levels, playful nature and intelligence. These cats are curious and affectionate, forming strong bonds with their human companions.

Song Sparrow

The song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) is a medium-sized New World sparrow and one of the most abundant, variable and adaptable species among native sparrows in North America. The body length of the song sparrow ranges from 11 to 18 cm (4.3 to 7.1 inches) and the wingspan can range from 18 to 25.4 cm (7.1 to 10.0 inches). The body mass varies from 11.9 to 53 g (0.42 to 1.87 oz). While the average weight across all races is about 32 g (1.1 oz), the widespread nominate subspecies (M. m. melodia) typically weighs around 22 g (0.78 oz) on average.

Song Thrush

The song thrush (Turdus philomelos) is a species of thrush that breeds across the West Palearctic. It features brown upper-parts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts and there are three recognized subspecies. The song thrush is well-known for its distinctive song, characterized by repeated musical phrases, which has often been celebrated in poetry. This bird breeds in forests, gardens and parks. It is partially migratory, with many individuals wintering in southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

South China Tiger

The South China tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is a population of the tiger subspecies native to southern China. Historically, this population mainly inhabited the provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi. It is listed as Critically Endangered on China’s Red List of Vertebrates and is possibly extinct in the wild, as no wild individuals have been recorded since the late 1980s. The South China tiger, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is the smallest tiger in mainland Asia but larger than the Sumatran tiger. Males measure from 230 to 265 cm (91 to 104 inches) in length and weigh between 130 to 175 kg (287 to 386 pounds).

Southeastern Blueberry Bee

The Southeastern Blueberry Bee (Habropoda laboriosa) is a specialized native pollinator crucial to the pollination of blueberry crops in the southeastern United States. These solitary bees are known for their efficient pollination of blueberry flowers, which is essential for the production of high-quality fruits.

Southeastern Blueberry Bees are medium-sized bees with stout bodies, often displaying a metallic blue or green coloration, which helps them blend into their surroundings. They are solitary nesters, preferring to nest in the ground, typically in sandy or loamy soils. Unlike honeybees, they do not form colonies but are efficient pollinators nonetheless, actively visiting blueberry flowers to collect pollen and nectar.

Southern Black Racer

The southern black racer (Coluber constrictor priapus) is one of the more common subspecies of the nonvenomous Coluber constrictor snake species found in the Southeastern United States. This snake typically ranges in size from 51 to 142 cm (20 to 56 inches), with the record length being 180 cm (72 inches). A distinguishing feature of the southern black racer is its white chin, in contrast to the indigo snake, which usually has a dark to reddish-orange chin. The southern black racer is a predator that feeds on a variety of prey, including lizards, insects, moles, birds, eggs, small snakes, rodents and frogs.

Southern Flannel Moth

The Southern Flannel Moth (Megalopyge opercularis), commonly known as the puss caterpillar, is a fascinating yet potentially dangerous insect found in the southern United States, Mexico and parts of Central America. This caterpillar is infamous for its dense coat of soft, fur-like hairs that conceal venomous spines capable of delivering a potent sting. These spines contain toxins that can cause severe pain, swelling and allergic reactions in humans who inadvertently touch them. Despite its small size—typically reaching about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in length—the Southern Flannel Moth larva’s venomous spines serve as a potent defense mechanism against predators.

Southern Hognose Snake

Heterodon simus, commonly known as the southern hog-nosed snake, is a harmless snake species endemic to the southeastern United States. There are no recognized subspecies of Heterodon simus. Adults typically measure between 35.5 and 61 cm (14 to 24 inches) in total length. These snakes are stout with a wide neck and a sharply upturned snout. They usually have 25 rows of keeled dorsal scales at midbody. The native habitats of Heterodon simus include xeric grasslands such as longleaf pine sandhill, upland pine forest and scrubby flatwoods.

Southern House Spider

The southern house spider, scientifically known as Kukulcania hibernalis (formerly Filistata hibernalis), is a species of large spider in the family Filistatidae. This spider is a cribellate spider, meaning its spinnerets produce non-adhesive webbing. Male southern house spiders can sometimes appear aggressive, but they generally do not bite unless trapped. Even if they attempt to bite, their mouthparts are typically too small to easily penetrate human skin.

Southern Pacific Rattlesnake

Crotalus helleri or Crotalus oreganus helleri, commonly known as the Southern Pacific rattlesnake or the black diamond rattlesnake, is a pit viper species or subspecies found in southwestern California. Adult Southern Pacific rattlesnakes typically measure between 24 to 55 inches (61 to 139 cm) in total length, including the tail. Their color pattern features a pale brown, gray-brown, or yellowish-brown ground color overlaid with a series of large, dark brown dorsal blotches, which may or may not have pale centers.

Spadefoot Toad

The Spadefoot Toad, belonging to the genus Scaphiopus, encompasses several species of amphibians found across North America. Known for their unique adaptations to arid environments, Spadefoot Toads have specialized keratinous spades on their hind feet, which they use for burrowing into sandy or loose soil. This adaptation allows them to quickly retreat underground during dry spells, where they can remain dormant until favorable conditions return.

These toads vary in appearance and behavior based on their specific species and geographic location. They typically have robust bodies with smooth or slightly warty skin, often displaying camouflage patterns that blend with their surroundings.

Spanador

The Spanador, a hybrid dog breed resulting from the cross between a Cocker Spaniel and a Labrador Retriever, combines the best traits of both parent breeds. These dogs typically inherit the Cocker Spaniel’s affectionate nature and the Labrador Retriever’s friendly and outgoing personality. Spanadors, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, often have a medium to large build, weighing between 25 to 50 pounds (11 to 23 kilograms) and standing around 14 to 20 inches (36 to 51 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They usually have a dense coat that can vary in length and texture, requiring regular grooming to keep it neat and healthy.

Spanish Goat

The Spanish goat, also known as the brush goat or scrub goat, originally came from Spain and was introduced to the United States via Mexico. It is now widely recognized in the U.S. for its use in meat production and brush clearing. Spanish goats are notable for their ability to breed out of season and are excellent range animals due to their small udders and teats. They are very hardy and capable of surviving and thriving under adverse agroclimatic conditions with minimal management inputs.

Spanish Mackerel

Scomberomorini is a tribe of ray-finned saltwater bony fishes commonly known as Spanish mackerels, seerfishes, or seer fish. These fish are known for their very sharp teeth and are handled with care by experienced fishers. Seerfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are particularly popular for eating, with Spanish mackerel being highly regarded for its delicacy in various regions of South India and Sri Lanka. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, this fish is called Vanjaram and is typically the most expensive fish available in the market.

Spanish Mastiff

The Spanish Mastiff, or Mastín Español, is a breed of dog from Spain that was originally bred as a guard dog, specifically to protect livestock from wolves and other predators. This very large and powerful breed is similar in appearance to other mastiff breeds, with a large, powerful head and a serious, vigilant expression.

Males typically stand 70 to 85 centimeters (28 to 33 inches) tall at the withers and weigh between 50 to 70 kilograms (110 to 150 pounds). Females are at least 65 centimeters (26 inches) tall and weigh between 40 to 60 kilograms (88 to 132 pounds). The ideal Spanish Mastiff is at least 70 centimeters (28 inches) tall at the withers.

Spanish Water Dog

The Spanish Water Dog (perro de agua español) is a versatile breed used in Spain primarily as a sheepdog and guard dog. It is also occasionally employed as a gundog and is skilled at retrieving from water. The SWD is a medium-sized, athletic and robust dog that is slightly longer than it is tall. About half of these dogs are born with naturally bobbed (short) tails, while long-tailed dogs in the US are usually docked, though undocked tails are not considered a fault in conformation showing if the dog was bred in a non-docking country.

Spanish Water Dogs are diligent, loyal, affectionate and intelligent. They possess strong natural herding and guarding instincts, often becoming the “self-appointed” guardians of their homes.

Sparrow

The sparrow is a small, widespread bird found across many parts of the world, belonging to the family Passeridae. These birds are known for their small size, typically measuring around 4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters) in length, depending on the species. Sparrows have stout, seed-eating bills and often exhibit brown or gray plumage, sometimes with distinctive markings such as black bibs or white wing bars, depending on the species.

Sparrows, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of habitats, including urban areas, farmlands, grasslands and forests. They are social birds, often seen in flocks foraging for seeds, insects and small fruits.

Sparrowhawk

The Sparrowhawk, known scientifically as Accipiter nisus, is a small but formidable bird of prey found across much of Europe and parts of Asia and North Africa. Renowned for its agility and hunting prowess, the Sparrowhawk is adept at weaving through dense woodland habitats in pursuit of small birds and occasionally small mammals. With a wingspan typically ranging from 55 to 70 centimeters and a length of about 28 to 40 centimeters, males are notably smaller than females, showcasing a distinctive size dimorphism within the species.

Speckled Kingsnake

The speckled kingsnake (Lampropeltis holbrooki) is a species of nonvenomous kingsnake in the family Colubridae, endemic to the United States. Typically, speckled kingsnakes grow up to 48 inches (120 cm) in total length, including the tail, though the record total length is 72 inches (180 cm). The common name “speckled kingsnake” comes from its distinctive pattern, which is black with small yellow-white specks, one in the center of almost every dorsal scale. It is also referred to as the “salt-and-pepper snake.”

Speckled Trout

The Speckled Trout, also known as the Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), is a highly sought-after saltwater game fish found in coastal waters from the Atlantic Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico. Recognized for its distinctive silvery-gray body adorned with prominent black spots along its back, sides and fins, the Speckled Trout can grow up to 30 inches (76 centimeters) in length and weigh over 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms). These fish prefer shallow, estuarine habitats with grassy flats, oyster beds and submerged vegetation, where they feed on shrimp, small fish and crustaceans.

Spectacled Bear

The spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), also known as the South American bear andean bear andean short-faced bear, or mountain bear, is a species native to the Andes Mountains in northern and western South America. Locally, it is referred to as jukumari (Aymara and Quechua), ukumari (Quechua), or ukuku.

The spectacled bear is the only bear species native to South America and is the largest land carnivore in that region, although meat comprises only about 5% of its diet. Among South America’s extant native land animals, only the Baird’s tapir, South American tapir and mountain tapir are heavier than the spectacled bear.

Sperm Whale

The sperm whale or cachalot (Physeter macrocephalus) is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. Mature males typically average 16 meters (52 feet) in length, with their heads accounting for up to one-third of their total length. Sperm whales are capable of diving to depths of 2,250 meters (7,380 feet), making them the third deepest-diving mammal, surpassed only by the southern elephant seal and Cuvier’s beaked whale.

Sperm whales, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are among the most cosmopolitan of species, found in all the world’s oceans. They prefer ice-free waters that are over 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) deep. While both sexes inhabit temperate and tropical oceans and seas, only adult males venture into higher latitudes.

Sphynx

The Sphynx cat, also known as the Canadian Sphynx, is a breed recognized for its lack of fur. Hairlessness in cats results from a naturally occurring genetic mutation and the Sphynx breed was developed through selective breeding of these hairless animals, beginning in the 1960s. Sphynx cats are noted for their extroverted behavior, displaying high levels of energy, intelligence, curiosity and affection for their owners.

They are often compared to dogs in their behavior, frequently greeting their owners at the door and being friendly when meeting strangers. Care should be taken to limit the Sphynx cat’s exposure to outdoor sunlight, as they can develop sunburn and skin damage similar to humans.

Spider

Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods characterized by having eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs that typically can inject venom and spinnerets that produce silk. As chelicerates, spiders are a subgroup of arthropods, which are distinguished by their segmented bodies, jointed limbs and exoskeletons made of chitin and proteins. The head of a spider is formed from several segments that fuse during embryonic development.

Spiders vary widely in size. The smallest species, Patu digua from Colombia, have body lengths of less than 0.37 mm (0.015 in). The largest and heaviest spiders are found among the tarantulas, which can reach body lengths of up to 90 mm (3.5 in) and leg spans of up to 250 mm (9.8 in).

Spider Ball Python

The Spider Ball Python (Python regius), a captivating morph of the popular Ball Python species, is distinguished by its unique appearance characterized by intricate patterns resembling spider webs. These pythons feature a striking combination of creamy tan to light brown coloration interspersed with bold, dark brown markings that create a web-like pattern across their bodies. Known for their docile temperament and manageable size, Spider Ball Pythons typically reach lengths of 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) and are popular choices among reptile enthusiasts and breeders alike.

Spider Beetle

The Spider Beetle (family Ptinidae) is a diverse group of small insects known for their unique appearance and habits. These beetles derive their name from their spider-like appearance, characterized by a compact, oval-shaped body and long, slender legs that give them a resemblance to spiders at first glance.

There are over 500 species of spider beetles worldwide, with varying sizes and colorations, though most are brown or reddish-brown in color. Spider beetles are scavengers and can be found in a wide range of habitats, including homes, warehouses and forest floors, where they feed on a variety of organic matter such as grains, cereals, dried fruits and even dead insects.

Spider Monkey

Spider monkeys, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are New World monkeys belonging to the genus Ateles, which is part of the subfamily Atelinae and family Atelidae. They inhabit the tropical forests of Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to Brazil. Known for their disproportionately long limbs and prehensile tails, spider monkeys are among the largest of the New World monkeys, a feature that inspired their common name.

These monkeys reside in the upper layers of the rainforest, foraging in the high canopy at heights of 25 to 30 meters (82 to 98 feet). Spider monkeys typically form loose social groups of 15 to 25 individuals, though group sizes can sometimes reach up to 30 or 40 members. During the day, these larger groups often break up into smaller subgroups to forage and move through the forest.

Spider Wasp

Wasps in the family Pompilidae are commonly referred to as spider wasps, spider-hunting wasps, or pompilid wasps. This family is cosmopolitan, encompassing approximately 5,000 species in six subfamilies. Unlike many other families in the Aculeata, nearly all wasps in this family are solitary, with nests constructed by a single female. These wasps produce venom, which is delivered through their sting and contains powerful neurotoxins known as pompilidotoxins (PMTX).

Spider-Tailed Horned Viper

The spider-tailed horned viper (Pseudocerastes urarachnoides) is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae. It is found in the western parts of Iran and across the border into the eastern part of Iraq, particularly in the Zagros Mountains, more commonly on the western side. The species’ current range is relatively small and continues to shrink.

The venom of Pseudocerastes urarachnoides primarily acts as a cytotoxin, targeting and destroying various cell types. Unlike its sister species, this cytotoxin affects a wide variety of cells. Additionally, the venom has minor neurotoxic effects and functions as a procoagulant, inducing blood coagulation remarkably quickly, with reports indicating coagulation occurring in about 13 seconds.

Spinner Shark

The spinner shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna) is a type of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae, named for the spinning leaps it makes as part of its feeding strategy. This species is found in tropical and warm temperate waters worldwide, except in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Spinner sharks inhabit coastal to offshore environments to a depth of 100 meters (330 feet), though they prefer shallow waters.

The average spinner shark measures about 2 meters (6.6 feet) in length and weighs around 56 kilograms (123 pounds). The species can attain a maximum known length of 3 meters (9.8 feet) and a weight of 90 kilograms (200 pounds).

Spinone Italiano

The Spinone Italiano is a hunting dog breed from Italy, primarily used for tracking, pointing and retrieving game. When viewed from the side, the Spinone has a nearly square shape, with the body’s length matching the height at the withers. It is robust, muscular and well-built, making it adept at hunting on various types of terrain. The breed is also known for its ability to swim well, readily entering cold or deep waters.

The Spinone’s coat is rough, thick and flat, with minimal undercoat. The hair length is generally between 4 and 6 cm (1.5 to 2.5 inches) and is somewhat shorter on the head, feet and front of the legs.

Spinosaurus

Spinosaurus is a genus of spinosaurid dinosaur that lived in what is now North Africa during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, approximately 100 to 94 million years ago. Recent studies suggest that previous estimates of its size were exaggerated, with S. aegyptiacus likely reaching about 14 meters (46 feet) in length and weighing around 7.4 metric tons (8.2 short tons).

Since its discovery, Spinosaurus has been considered one of the largest theropod dinosaurs. In early surveys, both Friedrich von Huene in 1926 and Donald F. Glut in 1982 ranked it among the most massive theropods, estimating its length at 15 meters (49 feet) and its weight upwards of 6 metric tons (6.6 short tons).

Spiny Bush Viper

Atheris hispida is a venomous viper species native to Central Africa. It is distinguished by its extremely keeled dorsal scales, which give it a bristly appearance. There are no recognized subspecies of this viper. Common names for Atheris hispida include the rough-scaled bush viper, spiny bush viper and hairy bush viper.

Male Atheris hispida can reach a maximum total length of 73 cm (29 inches), with the body measuring up to 58 cm (23 inches) and the tail up to 15 cm (5.9 inches). Females are typically shorter, with a maximum total length of 58 cm (23 inches). Males tend to be more elongated and slender compared to females.

Spiny Dogfish

The spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), also known as spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish, is a well-known member of the Squalidae family of sharks. It is characterized by its dorsal fins, lack of an anal fin and a distinctive white spot along its back. The caudal fin of the spiny dogfish is asymmetrical, forming a heterocercal tail.

The species name acanthias derives from the shark’s two spines, which are used defensively. If threatened or captured, the spiny dogfish can arch its back to pierce its attacker with these spines located near the dorsal fins. These spines are capable of secreting a mild venom into the predator, serving as a deterrent against potential threats.

Spiny Hill Turtle

The Spiny Hill Turtle (Heosemys spinosa), also known as the Spiny Terrapin, is a striking species native to Southeast Asia, specifically found in countries like Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Recognized for its distinctive appearance, this turtle is named for the prominent spines that adorn its shell, which serve as a formidable defense against predators in its natural habitat. The shell of the Spiny Hill Turtle typically ranges from dark brown to black, adorned with yellowish or reddish lines and spots, creating a camouflaging effect among the forest floors and rocky terrains it inhabits.

Spitting Cobra

Spitting cobras, a group of several species within the cobra family, possess a unique defensive adaptation: the ability to intentionally shoot their venom directly from their fangs. This venom serves a dual purpose. First, it acts as a potent neurotoxin when it enters the victim’s eyes, mouth, nose, or any mucous membrane or existing wound, causing severe pain and potentially incapacitating the threat. Second, the venom can also function as a toxungen, meaning it can be sprayed onto a target surface, potentially dissuading predators or threats from approaching.

This evolutionary adaptation is primarily used for self-defense. By spitting venom, spitting cobras can keep potential threats at a distance, minimizing the risk of physical contact and harm during an altercation. This defensive behavior underscores the diverse ways in which organisms evolve to adapt and survive in their environments.

Spix’s Macaw

Spix’s macaw, scientifically known as Cyanopsitta spixii or the little blue macaw, was once native to Brazil and distinguished by its medium size, weighing around 300 grams (11 oz). It was smaller compared to other larger macaw species. The bird’s plumage was predominantly shades of blue, featuring a grey-blue head, light blue underparts and vivid blue upperparts. Both males and females exhibited almost identical appearances, with females typically being slightly smaller in size.

Tragically, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) now considers Spix’s macaw extinct in the wild. The species’ last known natural habitat was in northeastern Bahia, Brazil, where sightings became increasingly rare. After a male bird was sighted in 2000, subsequent observations were sparse until the last confirmed sighting in 2016.

Sponge

Sponges, also known as sea sponges, are considered a basal animal clade closely related to diploblasts. They belong to the phylum Porifera and are characterized as sessile metazoans, meaning they are multicellular but immobile animals. Sponges possess water intake and outlet openings that are connected by chambers lined with choanocytes, specialized cells equipped with whip-like flagella for water movement.

Interestingly, while most sponges rely on these water flow systems and choanocytes for feeding and circulation, there are exceptions. Some carnivorous sponges have evolved to lose these systems and choanocytes entirely, adapting alternative feeding strategies.

Spongy Moth

Lymantria dispar, commonly known as the gypsy moth or the spongy moth, belongs to the moth family Erebidae and originates from Europe and Asia. In June 2024, Scientific American reported a severe outbreak in the Northeast and Midwest regions of the United States. These areas are currently witnessing one of the most extensive outbreaks ever recorded, with some locations seeing densities exceeding 2,500,000 caterpillars per hectare (1,000,000 per acre). This issue has persisted for five consecutive years in certain regions.

Since its introduction, gypsy moths, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have inflicted considerable ecological harm. Their range has expanded by an average of 21 km (13 mi) annually over the past century. This expansion has led to widespread defoliation, affecting a cumulative area of 33,000,000 hectares (82,000,000 acres) of forest between 1970 and 2013.

Spotted Bass

The spotted bass (Micropterus punctulatus), known colloquially as spotty or spots in fishing circles, is a freshwater fish native to North America. These bass can grow to nearly 64 cm (25 inches) in length and weigh up to 5.2 kg (11 pounds), with a lifespan of at least seven years. They thrive in cool and warm mountain streams as well as reservoirs with rocky bottoms. Their diet includes insects, crustaceans, frogs, annelid worms and smaller fish.

Spotted Gar

The spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) is a freshwater fish native to North America known for its distinctive dark spots scattered across its head, fins and elongated body shaped like a dart. Equipped with an elongated mouth filled with needle-like teeth, it preys on other fish and crustaceans. Among the seven gar species found in North America, it is one of the smaller ones, typically reaching lengths of 2–3 feet (0.61–0.91 meters) and weighing between 4–6 pounds (1.8–2.7 kilograms). Gars are characterized by their diamond-shaped, thick, enamel (ganoid) scales.

Spotted Garden Eel

The spotted garden eel (Heteroconger hassi) is a member of the Congridae family within the Heteroconger genus, native to the Indo-Pacific region. This small fish can grow up to 40 centimeters (16 inches; 1.3 feet) in length. Its body is elongated and cylindrical, with a circular cross-section averaging 14 millimeters (0.55 inches) in diameter. The head, which is of similar diameter to the body, appears compact due to the proximity of its large mouth and eyes. Small nostrils are located centrally on the upper lip.

Spotted Lanternfly

The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula), one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a type of planthopper native to regions of China and Vietnam. It has become an invasive species in Japan, South Korea and the United States. Adult L. delicatula typically measure approximately 25 millimeters (1 inch) in length and 12 millimeters (1/2 inch) in width. These adult lanternflies are characterized by a black head and gray-brown forewings decorated with black spots. According to the original description by White, L. delicatula typically has at least 20 black spots, with 6 spots located along the anterior margin of the forewings.

Spotted Python

The spotted python, also known as the eastern small-blotched python or eastern Children’s python (Antaresia maculosa), is native to northern Australia and New Guinea. It is highly favored among Australian reptile enthusiasts and reptile lovers worldwide for its compact size and docile nature. Adults typically range from 100 to 140 centimeters (39 to 55 inches) in length, although there is a recorded specimen reaching 180 centimeters (69 inches), making it the largest species within the Antaresia genus. Throughout its life, it sports an irregular pattern of blotches characterized by ragged edges, as the dark pigmentation occurs solely on complete scales.

Spotted Skunk

The genus Spilogale comprises skunks commonly referred to as spotted skunks. The western spotted skunk (Spilogale gracilis) inhabits areas west of the Continental Divide, ranging from southern British Columbia to Central America. Spotted skunks typically favor habitats such as dense thickets, woodlands, riparian hardwoods, shrubby areas and locations near streams. On the other hand, S. putorius generally prefers rocky and wooded habitats with abundant vegetation. These elusive creatures prefer to make their homes in dens or natural cavities like stumps or hollow logs.

Springador

The Springador is a hybrid dog breed that combines the traits of the Springer Spaniel and the Labrador Retriever. Known for their intelligence, energy and friendly demeanor, Springadors make excellent companions and working dogs. They typically inherit the Springer Spaniel’s athleticism and love for outdoor activities, combined with the Labrador Retriever’s friendly and eager-to-please nature. Springadors, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have a medium to large build, weighing between 40 to 80 pounds (18 to 36 kilograms) and standing around 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They often have a coat that is dense and water-resistant, requiring regular grooming to manage shedding.

Springbok

The springbok, scientifically known as Antidorcas marsupialis, is a graceful antelope predominantly inhabiting the regions of southern and southwestern Africa. This slender, long-limbed mammal stands at shoulder heights ranging from 71 to 86 cm (28 to 34 inches) and typically weighs between 27 to 42 kg (60 to 93 lbs).

Both males and females sport distinctive horns, measuring 35 to 50 cm (14 to 20 inches) in length, which curve elegantly backwards. Identified by its white facial markings, the springbok also features a prominent dark stripe extending from its eyes to the mouth. Its light brown coat is adorned with a reddish-brown stripe, adding to its characteristic appearance in the African savannahs.

Springerdoodle

The Springerdoodle, a crossbreed resulting from the mating of a English Springer Spaniel and a Poodle, combines the best qualities of both parent breeds. These dogs are known for their intelligence, affectionate nature and hypoallergenic coat, making them popular among families and individuals with allergies.

Springerdoodles, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, typically have a medium to large build, weighing between 30 to 60 pounds (14 to 27 kilograms) and standing around 18 to 24 inches (46 to 61 centimeters) tall at the shoulder. They often inherit the Poodle’s curly or wavy coat, which can come in a variety of colors.

Squash Bee

The term “squash bee,” also known as the “squash and gourd bee,” refers to two closely related genera of bees belonging to the tribe Eucerini: Peponapis and Xenoglossa. These bees are moderately sized, comparable to various species of bumblebees. In contrast to honeybees, squash bees are larger and more robust, characterized by longer antennae and rounder faces. Their hind legs are adapted with unbranched or nearly unbranched pollen-carrying hairs (scopa) that can accommodate the exceptionally large, coarse pollen grains of their host plants.

Squash Beetle

Epilachna borealis, commonly known as the squash beetle, is a beetle species frequently encountered in the eastern United States. Identified by its yellow hue adorned with seven prominent black spots on each elytron and four smaller ones on the pronotum, this beetle primarily feeds on cucurbitaceous plants. Due to its resemblance, it is often mistaken for a ladybug or a cucumber beetle.

The squash beetle, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, deposits clusters of small yellow eggs on the surfaces of leaves belonging to cucurbitaceous plants. Both adult beetles and their larvae feed on leaf tissue between veins, initially creating a semi-circular trench around their feeding area. As the season progresses, adult squash beetles can also be observed consuming the rinds of pumpkins and squash.

Squid

Squids belong to the class of mollusks characterized by their elongated soft bodies, large eyes, eight arms and two tentacles. They are classified into the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida and Bathyteuthida. These creatures have evolved soft bodies adapted for an active predatory life in the ocean. The head and foot of a squid are located at one end of its elongated body, which is functionally anterior, guiding the animal as it navigates through water.

Squirrel

Squirrels belong to the family Sciuridae, which encompasses small to medium-sized rodents. They vary widely in size, from the diminutive African pygmy squirrel and least pygmy squirrel, measuring 10–14 cm (3.9–5.5 in) in total length and weighing just 12–26 g (0.42–0.92 oz), to larger species like the Bhutan giant flying squirrel, which can reach up to 1.27 m (4 ft 2 in) in length. Certain marmot species within the family can weigh 8 kg (18 lb) or more.

The survival rate of juvenile squirrels is relatively low, with many not surviving past their first year of life. In the wild, adult squirrels typically live for 5 to 10 years. However, some individuals can reach ages of 10 to 20 years in captivity.

Squirrel Monkey

Squirrel monkeys, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, belong to the genus Saimiri, which are New World monkeys categorized in the subfamily Saimirinae. These monkeys typically grow between 25 to 35 centimeters (9.8 to 13.8 inches) in body length, with an additional 35 to 42 centimeters (14 to 17 inches) in tail length. Male squirrel monkeys weigh between 750 to 1,100 grams (26 to 39 ounces), while females range from 500 to 750 grams (18 to 26 ounces). Both genders are characterized by long, hairy tails, flat nails and pointed claws.

Squirrelfish

Squirrelfish, belonging to the family Holocentridae, are vibrant and distinctive reef-dwelling fish found in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide. These fish are known for their bright red or orange bodies adorned with silver scales and large eyes that are adapted for nocturnal feeding. Squirrelfish typically inhabit coral reefs and rocky crevices during the day, seeking shelter from predators and emerge at dusk to hunt small crustaceans and fish. Their namesake comes from their squirrel-like behavior of darting among the reefs and their tendency to hide in crevices, relying on their coloration and sharp spines for defense.

Sri Lankan Elephant

The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is native to Sri Lanka and represents one of the three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant. Asian elephants, in general, are smaller than their African counterparts and are distinguished by having the highest point on their head. Their trunk ends in a single finger-like process and their back is typically convex or level. Females are generally smaller than males. About 90% of males without tusks are known as “makhnas,” while some males do possess tusks.

Stabyhoun

The Stabyhoun, also known as Stabijhoun or Stabij in Frisian, ranks among the rarest dog breeds globally. It boasts a sturdy build and a soft, silky coat, with a body that is longer than it is tall. The ideal Stabyhoun exhibits well-proportioned physical characteristics, striking a balance between being neither muscular nor overly slender. Its facial features are distinctly feminine or masculine, making it easy to differentiate between sexes.

Known for its gentle nature, the Stabyhoun is friendly, sensitive, intelligent, calm, patient and obedient, though it may show occasional stubbornness. This breed displays exceptional tolerance towards children and other animals. With consistent and gentle training, Stabyhouns become obedient and deeply devoted to their owners. It is important to note that Stabyhouns should never display aggression or snap at people or other animals.

Staffordshire Bull Terrier

The Staffordshire Bull Terrier, also known as the Staffy or Stafford, is a small to medium-sized purebred dog within the terrier group, originating from the northern regions of Birmingham and the Black Country in Staffordshire, from which it derives its name. This breed is characterized by its short-haired coat, which is roughly equal in length from the withers to the tail and from the withers to the ground. The coat is short, stiff and close to the body, coming in various colors including white, black, blue, fawn, or red, either solid or with patches of white and also in various brindle patterns.

Staffordshire Bull Terriers, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, have a distinctive broad head and ears that fold at the tip. They typically stand between 36 and 41 cm (14 to 16 inches) at the withers. Male dogs generally weigh about 13 to 17 kg (29 to 37 lbs), while females are typically about 2 kg (4.4 lbs) lighter.

Stag Beetle

Stag beetles belong to the family Lucanidae, encompassing approximately 1,200 species classified across four subfamilies. Some species of stag beetles can reach impressive sizes, growing to over 12 centimeters (4.5 inches), though most are typically around 5 cm (2 inches) in length. The earliest known fossil of this group is Juraesalus, discovered in the late Middle Jurassic period (Callovian) within the Daohugou Beds of Inner Mongolia, China. Initially thought to belong to the Aesalinae subfamily, it was later reclassified as a foundational member of the Lucanidae family.

Standard Schnauzer

The Schnauzer, or Mittelschnauzer in German, is a breed of dog within the Pinscher and Schnauzer group. It is characterized by its abundant bristly beard and whiskers, which are typically lighter than its coat. The Schnauzer is a robustly built, medium-sized dog of working or utility type. Its coat is described as hard, wiry and dense, with a thick soft undercoat. Coat colors include salt-and-pepper or black; in salt-and-pepper Schnauzers, the grey may range from pale silver-grey to dark iron-grey, often with a distinctive black mask. The ears are set high and drooping, while the eyes are dark in color.

Star-nosed Mole

The star-nosed mole (Condylura cristata) is a small semiaquatic mole primarily inhabiting moist, low elevation areas in the northern regions of North America. Its distinctive nose measures about 1 cm in diameter and is adorned with 22 appendages containing Eimer’s organs. These specialized sensory organs were first described in the European mole in 1871 by German zoologist Theodor Eimer.

Despite having poorly developed eyes, star-nosed moles possess a sophisticated system for detecting prey and navigating their environment. As they explore, the mole’s star-like appendage makes brief touches that press Eimer’s organs against objects or the substrate. During foraging, moles move in random patterns of touches, each lasting between 20 to 30 milliseconds.

Starfish

Starfish, also known as sea stars, are star-shaped echinoderms classified under the class Asteroidea. These marine invertebrates typically feature a central disc and usually five arms, although some species may have a greater number of arms. The upper surface, known as the aboral surface, can vary in texture—smooth, granular, or spiny—and is covered with overlapping plates.

Starfish, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, exhibit a wide range of colors, often appearing brightly colored in shades of red, orange, blue, grey, or brown, depending on the species. This diversity in coloration adds to the visual appeal of these fascinating marine creatures.

Stargazer Fish

Stargazers, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, belong to the family Uranoscopidae, a group of perciform fish notable for their distinctive adaptation of having eyes positioned on top of their heads. These fish also possess a large, upward-facing mouth set in a notably large head structure. Their typical behavior involves burying themselves in sand, where they wait to ambush passing prey such as benthic fish and invertebrates.

Some species of stargazers have a unique adaptation—a worm-shaped lure that extends from the floor of their mouths. They can wiggle this lure to attract the attention of prey, enhancing their hunting strategy. This specialized feature helps stargazers in their predatory efforts as they lie in wait beneath the sand, ready to strike at unsuspecting prey passing overhead.

Steelhead Salmon

Steelhead salmon (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are an anadromous form of rainbow trout, native to the Pacific Ocean and freshwater rivers along the west coast of North America and Asia. These fish are renowned for their silver sheen and robust build, capable of reaching lengths exceeding 45 inches (115 cm) and weights over 55 pounds (25 kg). Steelhead are famous for their migratory behavior, navigating from their birthplace in freshwater rivers to the ocean for several years before returning to spawn in the same rivers they were born.

Steller’s Sea Cow

Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) was an extinct sirenian species first described by Georg Wilhelm Steller in 1741. Adult Steller’s sea cows were reported to reach lengths of 8 to 9 meters (26 to 30 feet), making them significantly larger than extant sirenians.

In 1987, a relatively complete skeleton measuring 3 meters (9.8 feet) in length was discovered on Bering Island. Subsequently, in 2017, another skeleton was found on Bering Island, measuring 5.2 meters (17 feet) in length. It is estimated that in life, Steller’s sea cows likely reached lengths of about 6 meters (20 feet). These findings provide valuable insights into the size and anatomy of this now-extinct marine mammal.

Stick Insect

Stick insects, scientifically known as Phasmatodea, are fascinating creatures known for their remarkable camouflage and distinctive appearance resembling twigs or branches. These insects belong to the order Phasmatodea, which includes over 3,000 species found worldwide, predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. Stick insects vary in size and shape, with some species resembling thin, elongated twigs, while others mimic broader leaves or bark textures to blend seamlessly into their environment.

Stiletto Snake

The Atractaspididae, also known as atractaspidids, constitute a family of venomous snakes primarily found in Africa and the Middle East. They are commonly referred to as mole vipers, stiletto snakes, or burrowing asps. Currently, there are 12 recognized genera within this family.

While many of these snakes are not aggressive and may be too small to effectively envenomate a person, some species can inflict significant harm. For instance, their bites can lead to severe tissue necrosis, potentially resulting in the loss of tissue if bitten on sensitive areas like the thumb. Additionally, victims may experience prolonged effects, including relapses long after the initial bite.

Stingray

Stingrays are a group of sea rays belonging to the class of cartilaginous fish. Their mouths are positioned on the ventral side of their bodies. One notable feature of stingrays is their hyostylic jaw suspension, where the mandibular arch is suspended primarily by its articulation with the hyomandibula.

Stingrays, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, employ a diverse array of feeding strategies. Some species have specialized jaws capable of crushing hard mollusk shells, enabling them to consume their prey. Others utilize external structures known as cephalic lobes to direct plankton and small organisms into their oral cavities for feeding. This variety in feeding mechanisms underscores the adaptability and specialized adaptations of stingrays to their marine environments.

Stoat

The stoat (Mustela erminea), also known as the Eurasian ermine or simply ermine, is a mustelid native to Eurasia and the northern regions of North America. Due to its extensive circumpolar distribution, it is categorized as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.

The stoat shares general proportions, posture and movement characteristics with the least weasel, although it has a relatively longer tail, always exceeding a third of its body length, though shorter than that of the long-tailed weasel. There is noticeable sexual dimorphism in size, with males being approximately 25% larger than females and weighing 1.5-2.0 times more. On average, males measure between 187–325 mm (7.4–12.8 in) in body length, while females typically measure 170–270 mm (6.7–10.6 in).

Stone Crab

The Stone Crab (Menippe mercenaria) is a marine crustacean prized for its sweet and tender meat, making it a popular delicacy in seafood cuisine. Found along the Atlantic coast of North America, from North Carolina to the Gulf of Mexico, stone crabs inhabit sandy or muddy bottoms of coastal waters. They are distinguished by their robust claws, which are asymmetrical—one larger for crushing and one smaller for cutting. The claws regenerate when lost, a unique feature that allows sustainable harvesting practices in commercial fisheries.

Stonechat

The Stonechat (Saxicola rubicola) is a small, vibrant bird belonging to the family Muscicapidae, found across Europe, Asia and North Africa. Named for its distinctive call that resembles stones being tapped together, the Stonechat is characterized by its robust build, with males sporting a striking black head, orange-red breast and white collar, while females have a more subdued coloration with brownish tones and a paler throat. These birds inhabit open areas with low vegetation such as heathlands, scrublands and coastal marshes, where they perch prominently to forage for insects, spiders and occasionally seeds.

Stonefish

The Stonefish (Synanceia) is widely regarded as one of the most venomous fish in the world, found primarily in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region, including the Red Sea and Australia. Known for its remarkable camouflage that allows it to blend seamlessly with its surroundings, the Stonefish is named for its rock-like appearance and is covered in fleshy growths that resemble algae-covered stones or coral.

This fish is equipped with potent venomous spines along its dorsal fin rays, capable of injecting a highly toxic venom when threatened or stepped on. The venom causes intense pain, swelling, tissue necrosis and in severe cases, can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Stoplight Loosejaw

The stoplight loosejaws, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, are small, deep-sea dragonfishes belonging to the genus Malacosteus. These fish are characterized by their elongated bodies, short blunt snouts and large forward-facing eyes that provide them with binocular vision. Unlike other stomiids, Malacosteus has a single round nostril on each side located in front of the eye.

One of the remarkable features of Malacosteus is its exceptionally wide gape relative to its body size. The lower jaw can extend to about one-quarter of the fish’s total length. Unlike many other fish, Malacosteus lacks an ethmoid membrane (floor) in its lower jaw. Instead, the lower jaw is connected only by the hinge and a modified bone that resembles a tongue bone, allowing for its uniquely wide mouth opening.

Stork

Storks are large, long-legged wading birds known for their extended necks and hefty bills. They vary greatly in size among species. For example, the marabou stork can stand as tall as 152 cm (60 in) and weigh up to 8.9 kg (19+1⁄2 lb), while the Abdim’s stork is much smaller at about 75 cm (30 in) in height and weighing approximately 1.3 kg (2+3⁄4 lb). While they share a superficial resemblance with herons in terms of their long legs and necks, storks are generally more robust in build.

Strawberry Hermit Crab

Coenobita perlatus is a species of terrestrial hermit crab renowned for its reddish-orange coloration, earning it the nickname “strawberry hermit crab.” Found widely across the Indo-Pacific region, it plays a crucial role as a scavenger. Wild-caught specimens are often sought after by hobby aquarists.

Adults of Coenobita perlatus typically reach lengths of around 80 mm (3.1 in) and weigh about 80 g (2.8 oz). They inhabit discarded gastropod shells, where they maintain a supply of water. At night, they return to the sea to replenish their water stores, utilizing osmoregulation to balance their intake of sea water and fresh water.

Striped Bass

The striped bass (Morone saxatilis), also known as Atlantic striped bass, striper, linesider, rock, or rockfish, is a species of anadromous perciform fish belonging to the family Moronidae. It is primarily found along the Atlantic coast of North America. Typically, mature striped bass range in size from 20 to 40 pounds (9–18 kg). The largest recorded specimen weighed 124 pounds (56 kg), captured in 1896. Striped bass can live up to approximately 30 years. In terms of length, the average size ranges from 20 to 35 inches (50–90 cm), with weights averaging between 5 to 20 pounds (2–9 kg).

Striped Hyena

The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is the sole extant species in the genus Hyaena and is classified as near-threatened by the IUCN.

Physically, the striped hyena has a robust, short torso set on long legs. Its hind legs are notably shorter than its forelimbs, giving its back a sloping appearance. The legs are relatively slender and not very strong, with the forelegs bent at the carpal region. The neck is thick, long and mostly immobile, while the head is large and heavy, characterized by a shortened facial region.

Striped Rocket Frog

The striped rocket frog (Litoria nasuta), also known as the rocket frog in its native range, is a species of frog primarily found in coastal areas from northern Western Australia to around Gosford in New South Wales. This frog species exhibits significant variability in coloration and patterning. It typically grows up to 55 mm in length and is characterized by its exceptionally long legs and streamlined body shape.

On its dorsal surface, the striped rocket frog typically displays a shade of brown, often accompanied by longitudinal skin folds or warts that are darker than the surrounding skin. Its ventral surface is white and has a granular texture. These features contribute to its distinct appearance and help it blend into its coastal habitat effectively.

Stromatolite

Stromatolites are fascinating structures created by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and other microorganisms that form layers of sedimentary rock in aquatic environments. These ancient formations are among the oldest evidence of life on Earth, dating back over 3.5 billion years. Stromatolites, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, thrive in shallow, sunlit waters where conditions support their growth, such as saline lakes, coastal lagoons and even hot springs.

The formation process begins with cyanobacteria, which trap sediment and calcium carbonate particles from the water, gradually building layers over time. These layers can accumulate into dome-like or columnar structures, often visible as fossilized remnants in ancient rock formations.

Stupendemys

Stupendemys, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is an extinct genus of freshwater side-necked turtle belonging to the family Podocnemididae. It holds the distinction of being the largest freshwater turtle known, with a carapace that could exceed 2 meters in length. Fossils of Stupendemys have been discovered in northern South America, dating from the Middle Miocene to the early Pliocene, approximately 13 to 5 million years ago.

The skull of Stupendemys is notable for its triangular shape when viewed from the top. The jaws converge at the front of the snout in a straight edge, giving it a distinctive appearance. The skull is characterized by a significant dorsal inflation caused by the prefrontal bones, which form a large area at the front of the skull. This inflation creates a vertical wall above the bony nostril, contributing to the turtle’s robust cranial structure.

Sturgeon

Sturgeon is the common name for the 28 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. These fish inhabit a wide range of waters from subtropical to subarctic regions in North America and Eurasia. In North America, sturgeons can be found along the Atlantic Coast from the Gulf of Mexico up to Newfoundland.

Sturgeons are notable for retaining several primitive characteristics from their evolutionary past among bony fishes. Like other members of the subclass Chondrostei, their skeletons are largely cartilaginous, distinguishing them from most other bony fish whose skeletons are primarily bony. One of the unique features of sturgeons is their retention of a post-embryonic notochord, which acts like a soft spine running along the length of their body, helping to maintain structure.

Styracosaurus

Styracosaurus, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is an extinct genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous period, specifically in the Campanian stage, in what is now North America. It was a relatively large dinosaur, reaching lengths of about 5–5.5 meters (16–18 feet) and weighing approximately 1.8–2.7 metric tons (2.0–3.0 short tons). Standing about 1.8 meters (5.9 feet) tall, Styracosaurus had a massive skull characterized by a large nostril, a tall straight nose horn and a parietal squamosal frill (neck frill) adorned with at least four large spikes. These features, along with its size, make Styracosaurus a distinctive and well-known member of the ceratopsian dinosaurs.

Suchomimus

Suchomimus, meaning “crocodile mimic,” is a genus of spinosaur dinosaur that inhabited what is now Niger, North Africa, during the Cretaceous period, approximately 125 to 112 million years ago. It was a relatively large theropod, with estimated lengths ranging from 9.5 to 11 meters (31 to 36 feet) and weights of about 2.5 to 3.8 metric tons (2.8 to 4.2 short tons). It’s important to note that the age of the holotype specimen, which is the basis for these estimates, is uncertain, making it unclear whether these dimensions represent the maximum size of Suchomimus.

Suckerfish

The Suckerfish, scientifically known as remoras, belong to the family Echeneidae and are characterized by their unique adaptation of a flattened disc on their head, which acts as a suction cup. This feature allows them to attach themselves to larger marine animals such as sharks, rays and sea turtles. By hitching rides on these hosts, suckerfish benefit from their movement and gain access to food scraps and protection. Suckerfish are found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide, often near coral reefs and other areas rich in marine life.

Sugar Glider

The sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) is a small, omnivorous, arboreal and nocturnal gliding possum native to the coastal forests of southeastern Queensland and most of New South Wales in Australia. Its common name stems from its affinity for sugary foods like sap and nectar and its ability to glide through the air, akin to flying squirrels. Despite their similarities in habits and appearance, sugar gliders are not closely related to flying squirrels, showcasing an example of convergent evolution.

These possums are adapted to arboreal life, where they forage for a varied diet that includes insects, fruit and the aforementioned sugary substances. They are capable of gliding between trees using a specialized membrane of skin stretched between their wrists and ankles, allowing them to travel considerable distances efficiently. In some parts of their range, sugar gliders may coexist with Krefft’s glider (P. notatus), another species of gliding possum.

Sulcata Tortoise

The African spurred tortoise (Centrochelys sulcata), also known as the sulcata tortoise, is an endangered species native to the southern edge of the Sahara Desert and the Sahel region in Africa. It holds the title of the largest mainland species of tortoise in Africa and ranks as the third-largest tortoise species globally, following the Galapagos tortoise and Aldabra giant tortoise.

Male African spurred tortoises typically have an average mass of about 81 kg (178 lbs), although some exceptionally large males have been documented weighing over 100 kg (220 lbs), with one individual recorded at more than 120 kg (265 lbs). These tortoises are noted for their robust build and distinctive spurs on their forelegs, which contribute to their name. Due to habitat loss and poaching, the African spurred tortoise faces significant conservation challenges in its native range.

Sultan Chicken

The Sultan is a Turkish breed of crested chicken known for its ornamental appearance. These chickens exhibit elaborate plumage features such as large, puffy crests, beards, long tails and profuse foot feathering. Their small, V-shaped combs are mostly concealed under their abundant feathers. Notably, Sultans are among the few chicken breeds to have five toes on each foot.

In terms of size, Sultans are relatively small compared to other large chicken breeds. Males typically weigh around 2.7 kilograms (6 pounds), while hens weigh about 2 kilograms (4 pounds). Despite their size, Sultans are known for their striking appearance and are also available in a bantam version, which is even smaller.

Sumatran Elephant

The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is a subspecies of the Asian elephant native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It is distinguished by its smaller size compared to other Asian elephant subspecies. In 2011, the IUCN reclassified the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered on its Red List, indicating a drastic population decline of at least 80% over the past three generations, roughly estimated to be 75 years.

Sumatran elephants, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, typically reach a shoulder height ranging between 2 and 3.2 meters (6.6 to 10.5 feet) and weigh between 2,000 and 4,000 kilograms (4,400 to 8,800 pounds). They are characterized by having 20 pairs of ribs, which is a distinguishing anatomical feature. This critically endangered subspecies faces significant threats from habitat loss due to deforestation, human-elephant conflict and illegal hunting, making conservation efforts crucial for their survival.

Sumatran Orangutan

The Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) is one of the three species of orangutans and it is critically endangered. It is found exclusively in the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Male Sumatran orangutans typically grow to about 1.7 meters (5.6 feet) tall and weigh around 90 kilograms (200 pounds), while females are smaller, averaging 90 centimeters (3.0 feet) in height and 45 kilograms (99 pounds) in weight.

Compared to their Bornean counterparts, Sumatran orangutans have a thinner build and longer faces. Their hair is longer and exhibits a paler red coloration. These distinctive physical characteristics reflect adaptations to their specific environment and habitat on the island of Sumatra. Given their critically endangered status, conservation efforts are vital to ensure the survival of this species in the wild.

Sumatran Rhinoceros

The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), also known as the Sumatran rhino, hairy rhinoceros, or Asian two-horned rhinoceros, is a rare member of the family Rhinocerotidae. It is considered the smallest rhinoceros species, although it is still a large mammal. Sumatran rhinos stand 112–145 cm (44–57 in) high at the shoulder, with a head-and-body length ranging from 2.36 to 3.18 m (7 ft 9 in – 10 ft 5 in) and a tail length of 35–70 cm (14–28 in). They weigh between 500 and 1,000 kg (1,100–2,200 lb), with an average weight of 700–800 kg (1,540–1,760 lb).

Sumatran Tiger

The Sumatran tiger, part of the Panthera tigris sondaica species found exclusively on Sumatra, Indonesia, was first characterized using two distinct zoological specimens that differed significantly in skull size and striping pattern from Bengal and Javan tiger examples. Its fur displays a darker hue and wider stripes compared to the Javan tiger, with stripes often transitioning into spots near their tips.

Additionally, along its back, flanks and hind legs, it features rows of small, dark spots interspersed among the regular stripes. Adult males typically measure between 2.2 to 2.55 meters (7 ft 3 in to 8 ft 4 in) from head to body, boasting a skull length ranging from 295 to 335 mm (11.6 to 13.2 in) and weighing approximately 100 to 140 kg (220 to 310 lb).

Summer Tanager

The summer tanager (Piranga rubra), one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a medium-sized songbird native to the Americas. Previously classified in the tanager family (Thraupidae), it and its genus members are now placed in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). Adults of this species have robust, pointed bills and typically measure about 17 cm (6.7 in) in length, with a mean weight of 30.1 g (1.06 oz), varying between 25.8–33.6 g (0.99–1.19 oz) in different individuals. Their wingspan ranges from 28 to 30 cm (11 to 12 in).

Male adults display a vibrant rose-red plumage, resembling the hepatic tanager but distinguished by its lighter bill. Females, on the other hand, exhibit orangish underparts and olive upperparts, complemented by olive-brown wings and tail feathers. Like many other birds, the red and orange hues in their plumage are acquired through their diet.

Sun Bear

The sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) is a member of the Ursidae family and the sole species in the genus Helarctos, found primarily in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It holds the distinction of being the smallest bear species, standing approximately 70 cm (28 in) tall at the shoulder and weighing between 25 and 65 kg (55–143 lb). This bear is robustly built, characterized by large paws with strongly curved claws, small rounded ears and a short snout. Its fur is typically short and predominantly jet black, though it can exhibit variations ranging from grey to red in coloration.

Sunbeam Snake

Xenopeltis, known as the sunbeam snakes, represents the sole genus of the monotypic family Xenopeltidae, found predominantly in Southeast Asia. These snakes can reach lengths of up to 1.3 m (51 in) as adults. They possess head scales composed of large plates similar to those found in the Colubridae family, while their ventral scales are only slightly reduced, lacking pelvic vestiges. Their dorsal coloration typically ranges from reddish-brown to brown or blackish, while the belly exhibits an unpatterned whitish-gray hue. The scales of Xenopeltis snakes are notably iridescent, adding to their unique appearance.

Sunset Ball Python

The Sunset Ball Python is a captivating color morph prized for its vibrant and striking appearance among reptile enthusiasts and breeders. Known scientifically as Python regius, this morph exhibits a spectrum of orange, yellow and red hues that resemble the warm tones of a sunset, hence its name. The coloration typically develops as the snake matures, with hatchlings showcasing subdued colors that intensify with each shed. Sunset Ball Pythons are popular for their docile temperament, manageable size and ease of care, making them suitable pets for beginners and experienced keepers alike.

Super Pastel Ball Python

The Super Pastel Ball Python (Python regius) is a visually striking morph highly sought after by reptile enthusiasts and breeders alike. Characterized by its vibrant colors and intricate patterns, the Super Pastel morph intensifies the typical Pastel Ball Python’s traits. These pythons exhibit a range of pale yellow to golden hues, often accompanied by blushing patterns and enhanced contrast between light and dark scales. Originating from West Africa, where Ball Pythons are native, the Super Pastel morph has been selectively bred to emphasize these color variations while maintaining the species’ genetic health and resilience.

Supersaurus

Supersaurus, which translates to “super lizard,” is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur that inhabited North America during the Late Jurassic period. Fossil remains of Supersaurus were discovered in the Brushy Basin Member of the formation, dating back approximately 153 to 145 million years ago. This sauropod was exceptionally large, with specimens from the WDC and BYU reaching lengths of 33 to 35 meters (108 to 115 ft) and weighing approximately 35 to 40 metric tons (39 to 44 short tons).

Superworm

Zophobas morio is a type of darkling beetle, recognized for its larvae that are widely referred to as superworms, kingworms, barley worms, morio worms, or simply Zophobas. These larvae are popular in the reptile pet industry as food, alongside giant mealworms, which are larvae of Tenebrio molitor treated with juvenile hormone. When fully grown, superworms resemble significantly larger mealworms, measuring about 50 to 60 mm (1.7–2.25 in) in length. Unlike regular mealworms, the ends of their bodies are distinctly dark, almost black in appearance.

Surgeonfish

The Acanthuridae family encompasses ray-finned fish such as surgeonfishes, tangs and unicornfishes, totaling approximately 86 existing species found in tropical seas, predominantly around coral reefs. Known for their vibrant colors, many species are prized in aquariums. Tangs, in particular, are highly susceptible to diseases in home aquariums. However, ensuring they receive sufficient algae and maintaining proper aquarium conditions can mitigate disease risks. It’s advisable to quarantine these fish for a period before introducing them to the main aquarium to prevent potential health issues.

Sussex Chicken

The Sussex chicken, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is a dual-purpose British breed, prized for both its meat and egg production. It comes in eight recognized colors for both standard-sized and bantam varieties. Known for its elegant appearance, the Sussex has a long, broad, flat back, along with a straight breastbone, wide shoulders and a rectangular body shape. Its tail is typically held at a 45-degree angle from the body.

The Sussex chicken’s eyes vary in color, appearing red in darker varieties and orange in lighter ones. The comb is single and the earlobes are red, while the legs and skin are consistently white across all color variations. Roosters weigh around 4.1 kg, while hens average about 3.2 kg in weight.

Swai Fish

Swai fish, also known as Pangasius or Basa fish, are freshwater catfish native to Southeast Asia’s Mekong River and Chao Phraya basins. These fish have gained popularity globally due to their mild flavor, affordability and versatility in cooking. Swai are characterized by their elongated body and silver-gray skin, often farmed in aquaculture systems where they grow rapidly and reach market size within 6 to 9 months. While they are primarily cultivated in Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries, Swai are also farmed in other parts of the world to meet international demand.

Swainson’s Hawk

Swainson’s hawk (Buteo swainsoni) is a notable bird species within the Accipitriformes order, named in honor of British naturalist William Swainson. Commonly referred to as the grasshopper hawk or locust hawk, it is typically slightly shorter in length, measuring between 43 and 56 cm (17 to 22 in) and lighter, weighing from 0.5 to 1.7 kg (1.1 to 3.7 lb). However, Swainson’s hawk boasts a longer wingspan, spanning 117 to 137 cm (46 to 54 in), featuring slender, elongated wings compared to the red-tailed hawk.

Swallow

Swallows, martins and saw-wings belong to the family Hirundinidae, a group of passerine songbirds found on every continent, including occasional sightings in Antarctica. They share a consistent body shape within their evolutionary lineage, distinguishing them from other passerines.

Swallows, in particular, have evolved for efficient aerial insect hunting, characterized by their slender bodies, streamlined form and elongated wings. These adaptations facilitate superior maneuverability, endurance and extensive gliding capabilities. Their aerodynamic design supports highly efficient flight, evidenced by their lower metabolic rates during flight compared to other birds of similar size.

Swallowtail Butterfly

Swallowtail butterflies, members of the family Papilionidae, are known for their large size and vibrant colors, comprising a diverse group of over 550 species. They are found across tropical and temperate regions worldwide, with various species inhabiting a range of altitudes from sea level to high mountainous regions.

One notable characteristic of swallowtail butterflies is their practice of Batesian mimicry. This behavior involves their resemblance to distasteful or harmful species, which helps deter predators. This mimicry strategy sets swallowtails apart from other animals that employ similar defensive mechanisms.

Swallowtail Caterpillar

The Swallowtail Caterpillar, one of the fascinating animals that start with S, is the larval stage of various butterfly species belonging to the Papilionidae family, known for their striking appearance and unique defensive adaptations. These caterpillars are named for their resemblance to the tails of swallows, with some species adorned in vibrant colors and intricate patterns that serve both as camouflage and warning signals to potential predators. Found in diverse habitats worldwide, from temperate forests to tropical rainforests, Swallowtail Caterpillars feed voraciously on host plants specific to their species, such as citrus trees, dill and parsley.

Swan

Swans belong to the genus Cygnus within the family Anatidae. They are closely related to geese and ducks. Swans are the largest living members of the Anatidae family and among the largest flying birds. Species such as the mute swan, trumpeter swan and whooper swan can grow to lengths exceeding 1.5 m (59 in) and weigh over 15 kg (33 lb). Their wingspans can exceed 3.1 m (10 ft). Compared to geese, swans are significantly larger, with proportionally larger feet and necks.

Swedish Elkhound

The Jämthund, also known as the Swedish Elkhound, is a Spitz-type breed found primarily in Northern Europe. Named after Jämtland, a province in central Sweden, these dogs are known for their distinctive characteristics. They have a tail that is loosely curled and hangs over their back, neither too thin nor tightly curled; when relaxed, the tail should hang straight down. Their erect ears are spaced widely apart, complementing a medium to long muzzle. They sport a double coat in various shades of agouti, with brown eyes adding to their expressive appearance.

Males typically measure between 57–65 centimeters (22–26 in) in height and weigh 30–35 kilograms (66–77 lb). This breed is known for its robust build and is prized for its versatility and loyalty, traits that make it popular in its native region and beyond.

Swedish Lapphund

The Swedish Lapphund (Swedish: Svensk lapphund) is a Spitz-type breed originating from Sweden, developed from dogs used by the Sami people for herding and guarding reindeer. Often referred to as “the black beauty of Norrland,” it is believed to be one of Sweden’s oldest breeds. Like all Spitz dogs, the Swedish Lapphund requires a stable upbringing, regular mental stimulation and physical activity to thrive.

As a working dog, Swedish Lapphunds showcase their versatility across various fields. They excel in tasks requiring intelligence, agility and a strong work ethic. Their loyalty and adaptability make them valued companions in both working and home environments.

Swedish Vallhund

The Swedish Vallhund, also known as the Västgötaspets or Swedish cow dog, is a native breed of Sweden with a history dating back over 1,000 years. Its name, Vallhund, translates to “herding dog” in English, reflecting its original role as a drover and cattle herder.

On average, Swedish Vallhunds stand approximately 33 cm (12.9 in) tall at the withers for males and 31 cm (12.2 in) for females. They are sturdy dogs with a long body, maintaining a ratio of height to body length around 2:3. The head is wedge-shaped, featuring dark brown oval eyes and pricked ears.

Swordfish

The swordfish (Xiphias gladius), also known as the broadbill in some regions, is a large and highly migratory predatory fish recognized for its distinctive long, flat, pointed bill. As a prized sport fish among the billfish category, swordfish are known for their elusiveness.

These fish have elongated, round bodies and, uniquely, lose all their teeth and scales by the time they reach adulthood. They are widespread in tropical and temperate waters across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, inhabiting depths from near the surface down to approximately 550 m (1,800 ft), with occasional sightings as deep as 2,234 m (7,329 ft).

Syrian Hamster

The golden hamster, also known as the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), is a rodent belonging to the hamster subfamily, Cricetinae. Its natural habitat spans an arid region in northern Syria and southern Turkey. Unfortunately, their numbers in the wild have been decreasing due to habitat loss from agriculture and deliberate human intervention.

Adult golden hamsters typically reach lengths of around 7.1 inches (18 cm). Females are generally larger than males, weighing between 100–150 grams (3.5–5.3 oz) and living for about 1.5 to 2 years. Syrian hamsters bred in captivity by private breeders can range from 175–225 grams (6.2–7.9 oz) in weight.

In compiling this list of animals that start with S, we’ve explored a diverse array of creatures from around the world. From the majestic Siberian Tiger to the colorful Scarlet Macaw and the stealthy Snow Leopard to the charming Seahorse, each animal showcases the rich biodiversity of our planet.